Unit 4. Crime and punishment Crimes against people and property

aggravated assault

физ.насилие при отягч. обстоят-вах

the crime of physically attacking another person which results in serious bodily harm and/or is made with a deadly or dangerous weapon

arson

поджог

​intentionally ​starting a ​fire in ​order to ​damage/​destroy smth, esp. a ​building

assault

нападение

a ​violent ​attack

assault related to robbery

разбойн. нападение

= armed assault

a ​violent ​attack, when a criminal is equipped with or supported by arms, armour, etc.

battery

побои, оскорбление действием

the unlawful and unwanted touching or striking of one person by another, with the intention of bringing about a harmful or offensive contact.

blackmail

шантаж

еxtortion of money or something else of value from a person by the threat of exposing a criminal act or discreditable information.

burglary

кража со взломом

the ​crime of ​illegally ​entering a ​building and ​stealing things

criminal damage

нанесение ущерба

serious ​damage that is against the ​law

car theft

угон автомобиля

the unlawful taking/stealing of a car

chance medley

непредум-е убий-во в ходе возникшей драки

a sudden quarrel in which one party kills another; an unpremeditated killing of a human being in self defense

deception

жульничество

making someone believe something that is not true, the act of deceiving someone

domestic violence

насил-е на быт.почве

situation in which someone you ​live with ​attacks you and ​tries to ​hurt you

intentional homicide under aggravating circumstances

= first-degree murder

умышленное убийство при отягощающих'' обстоятельствах

fraud, swindling

мошенничество

the ​crime of ​obtaining ​money or ​property by ​deceiving ​people

grand theft

кража в крупных размерах

larceny of property having a value greater than some amount

harassment

травля, притеснение

persistent attacks and criticism causing worry and distress.

homicide

убийство

the ​crime of ​killing a ​person; ​murder

housebreaking

грабеж со взломом

the act of forcefully entering someone's house in order to commit a crime

intentional homicide

предумыш-е убийство

= first-degree murder, deliberate murder, premeditated murder

joyriding

поездка на авто без разреш. владельца

driving ​fast and ​dangerously for ​pleasure, ​especially in a ​stolen ​vehicle

justifiable homicide

убийство при смягчающих вину обст-вах

a killing without evil or criminal intent, for which there can be no blame, such as self-defense to protect oneself or to protect another, or the shooting by a law enforcement officer in fulfilling his/her duties.

kidnapping

похищать человека с целью выкупа

abduction, act of stealing/ taking away/seizing (someone) by force usually in order to keep the person as a prisoner and demand money (demand for ransom) for returning the person

larceny, theft, stealing

воровство

the crime of taking the goods of another person without permission (usually secretly), with the intent of keeping them.

manslaughter

непредум-е убийство

​killing someone ​unintentionally or without having ​planned to do it

mugging

хулиганск. нападение

an ​act of ​attacking someone and ​stealing ​their ​money

murder

убийство

the ​crime of ​intentionally ​killing a ​person

petty offence

мелкое правонарушение

a minor crime and for which the punishment is usually just a small fine or short term of imprisonment

petty lanceny /theft

мелкая кража/вор-во

= pilfering, filching

small items that were stolen

pickpocketing

карманная кража

​stealing things out of people's ​pockets or ​bags, ​especially in a ​crowd

rape

изнасилование

to ​force someone to have ​sex when he or she is ​unwilling

robbery

грабеж

the ​crime of ​stealing from ​somewhere or someone

second-degree murder

= voluntary manslaughter

умышленное убийство при смягчающих обстоятельствах

shoplifhing

кража из магазина

the ​illegal ​act of taking ​goods from a ​shop without ​paying for them

slander

клевета

a ​false, ​spoken ​statement about someone which ​damages that person's ​reputation

slaughter

массовое убийство

the ​killing of ​large ​numbers of ​people; the ​killing of ​animals for ​their ​meat, or the ​killing of ​large ​numbers of ​animals in a ​cruel ​manner

trespassing

посягательство

the crime of going on someone's land without permission

vandalism

вандализм

the ​crime of ​intentionally ​damaging ​property ​belonging to other ​people

violent crime

особо тяжкое преступление

a crime in which the offender uses or threatens to use violent force upon the victim, it includes crimes committed with weapons