Dniepropetrovsk

2011

ЗАВДАННЯ

ДЛЯ САМОСТІЙНИХ РОБІТ СТУДЕНТІВ

СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТІ КМП 2 КУРСУ 3 СЕМЕСТРУ

Iw #1.1 The United Kingdom (the uk)

1. Read and translate the text in a written form.

The official name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It was formed by the union of Great Britain and Ireland in 1801, but Southern Ireland broke away in 1921. The official name of the country is often abbreviated to the United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England or the UK.

Its area is 244,046 square kilometers (94,201 square miles). The capital of the UK is London. The country is located in the north west of Europe. It is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel and the North Sea. The main rivers of the UK are the Thames, the Tees, the Tweed, the Trent. The geographical position has made the United Kingdom a commercial and maritime power.

The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and it is made up of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, Wales became an English principality in 1284. Scotland and England were officially joined as Great Britain in 1707. Each of the four parts of the UK consists of counties.

Here is the list of the counties of the UK:

Antrim	Fife	Northumberland
Armagh	Gloucester	Nottinghamshire
Avon	Grampian	Orkney
Bedford	Greater Manchester	Oxfordshire
Berkshire	Gwent	Powys
Borders	Gwynedd	South Glamorgan
Buckinghamshire	Hampshire	South Yorkshire
Cambridgeshire	Hereford & Worcester	Salop
Central		Shetland
Cheshire	Hertford	Somerset
Cleveland	Highland	Staffordshire
Clwyd	Humberside	Strathclyde
Cornwall	Isle of Wight	Suffolk
Cumbria	Kent	Surrey
Derbyshire	Lancashire	Tayside
Devon	Leicestershire	Tyne & Wear
Dorset	Lincoln	Tyrone
Down	Londonderry	West Glamorgan
Dumfries & Galloway	Lothian	West Sussex
Durham	Mid Yorkshire	Warwickshire
Dyfed	Merseyside	Western Isles
East Sussex	Mid Glamorgan	Western Midlands
Essex	Norfolk	Wiltshire
Fermanagh	Northampton	Yorkshire

2. Give answers to the following questions:

1. What is the geographical position of the UK?

2. How big is the UK?

3. How was it formed historically?

4. What are the other names of the UK?

5. What is the most official name of the country?

6. Is it correct to call the whole of the country England?

7. Which counties seem familiar to you?

3. Write down the names of:

the main rivers of the UK

the three parts of the UK which are located on the same island

4. Choose one figure and one date and write them down with words:

244,046 1801

94,201 1921

1,801 2035

2,000,325 2000

15,452,000 2007

987,513,012 1992

36,294 1284

45,094 1707

125,308,129 1917

81,932,983 1905

70,782,345 1980

IW # 1.2 At the map of Great Britain

1. Read and translate the text in a written form.

The British Isles consist of two main islands: Great Britain and Ireland. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland includes these two islands, over five hundred small islands and Northern Ireland. Its total area is about 94,250,square miles. Great Britain consists of En­gland, Wales and Scotland. The southern part of the isle Ireland is the Republic of Eire.

Britain is comparatively small country, but it has a great variety of scenery. In Scotland there are wild desolate mountains. It is the most northern of the British countries. Scotland occupies the area of 78,8 thousand square km. With England lying to the south it is bounded on the north west by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the east by the North Sea. The mainland of Scotland can be divided into such regions: the Highlands, the Central Lowlands and the Southern Uplands. The mountains and the rocks of the Highlands stand out in defiance of frost, rain and wind as the highest mountains in the British Isles that had taken their present. shape in the Great Ice Age. Their average height does not exceed 457 metres above sea level. The Southern Uplands seldom rise over 579 metres above sea level.

In England and Wales all the high land is in the west and north-west. The south-eastern plain reaches the west coast only at one or two places — at the Bristol Channel and by the mouths of the river Dee and Mersey.

In the north there are the Cheviots separating England from Scotland, the Pennines going down England like a backbone and the Cumbrian mountains of the Lake District, to the west are the Cambrian mountains which occupy the greater part of Wales.

The south-eastern part of England is the low-lying land with gentle hills and a coast which is regular in outline.

The position of the mountains naturally determined the direction and length of the rivers, and the- longest rivers, except the Severn and Clyde, flow into the North Sea, and even the Severn flows eastward or south-east for the greater part of its length. In the estuaries of the Thames, Mersey, Tyne, Clyde, Tay, Bristol Avon are some of the greatest ports in Great Britain.

Almost all the area of Northern Ireland is a plain of volcanic origin deepening in the centre to form the largest lake of the British Isles, Lough Neagh. The landscape is hilly, the mountains are not very high and are mostly situated on the fringe of the plateau. The coastline of Northern Ireland is rugged with rocks and cliffs, it is indented by gulfs and bays.