8. What are the subjects of the following sciences mentioned in the text? Make up sentences by matching columns:

Geography	…deals with…	…the study of animals
Chemistry		…the study of the countries of the world and of the seas, rivers, etc on the Earth’s surface
Physics	…treats…	…the study of the materials (rocks, soil etc) which make up the Earth
Geology		…the scientific study of living things
Botany	…is concerned with…	…the study of substances (elements) which make up the Earth, the universe and living things
Zoology		…the study of matter and natural forces, such as light, heat, movement, etc
Biology		…the study of plants

9. There are several terms in the text. What are they? Complete the sentences:

… is a particular group or type of animals living in a particular place.

… is the layer around the Earth in which all living organisms exist.

… is a community of organisms and the relationships of those organisms to their environment.

… is a group of plants or animals living together in the same surroundings, dependent on each other for the means of existence.

… is the natural conditions, such as air, water and land, in which people, animals and plants live.

10. Answer the following questions:

1. Why did people become more conscious of the environment? How can the word ENVIRONMENT be defined?

2. What is ecology? Where did this word come from? What does it mean?

3. Organisms can be studied at many different levels. What are they? At what level does ecology study organisms?

4. Prove that ecology is a multi-disciplinary science.

5. Draw a scheme of ecology major sub-disciplines and comment on it.

Ecology

6. Ecology can also be sub-divided into minor sub-disciplines on the basis of target groups, e.g.:

– animal ecology;

– plant ecology;

– insect ecology;

or from the perspective of the studied biomes:

– arctic ecology (or polar ecology);

– tropical ecology;

– desert ecology.

Try to explain what these sub-disciplines of ecology study.

11. ECO-TERMS. The prefix eco- is often used in words to mean «environment-» or «environmentally-». For example, an eco-friendly product or activity is one that does not damage the environment, or does less damage than a normal one.

Match these definitions to the words listed. (Each word is used once).

1. an environmentally-friendly city;

2. radical environmentalists using confrontational tactics;

3. studying the environmental impact of company’s activities;

4. goods that don’t damage the environment;

5. authorities with the power to police pollution;

6. labels on products giving environmental information;

7. tourism that doesn’t harm the environment.

1. eco-audit; b) eco-labels; c) eco-tourism; d)eco-warriors; e) eco-products; f) eco-cops; g) eco-city.

Now answer the questions (feel free to use your imagination):

1. What eco-products can you name?

2. What is the job of an eco-cop?

3. How does an eco-tourist spend his summer vacations?

4. What does an eco-city look like?

5. Who do eco-warriors fight against? What against?