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Я - студент университета (модуль 2).doc
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  1. Supermarket University Type

After World War II, due to democratization and mass spread of education, education in developed countries is becoming more and more affordable and open branch of economy, bringing high income that causes its commercialization. Education is buying and selling service here. University is understood as a big supermarket with great number of services to be bought. Student goes round this supermarket and chooses services that he needs. Не takes these services as a customer takes goods into his basket in a supermarket.

This model was worked out in American Universities. This type is connected with the credit system of education. Students study academic disciplines and get a number of credits that can be reckoned with another University of the State or even other country. Students get a definite list of disciplines, the majority of which is optional. The more prestigious the University is the more such optional disciplines one can take. In this case it was necessary to bring credits as a constraint giving the possibility of control and transferring students to next year, another course or from one University to another.

A new figure of educational manager appears in this type. He doesn't treat students as persons. His job is to supply the process of students’ following educational schemes and getting credits and also to control the work of educational mechanism in general. This is also a kind of conveyer, but more flexible, giving conditions for students’ independent work. The number of direct contact between the professors and students is minimized in such system. Professors sometimes give tutorials, but usually ask more than answer.

  1. Project University

This type also originates in developed countries, especially in the USA in advanced Universities and in best Universities of USSR (Physic Technological University). This type doesn’t suppose teaching groups of students or services selling. It supposes familiarizing students with design practice and earl professional training through involving students into the work of the places of their future professional activity after graduation (industrial campaigns, corporations and laboratories).

There is a very slight difference between teachers and students in this type. Team work is necessary here. Students and postgraduates, getting involved into a scientific project, come into the team of designers. There are different specialists in this team who have their own goals in the project. Quite concrete input into the project is required from students. Being a part of this designing process, students get education. It’s important that students get not just universal knowledge, but also project thinking, creativity, communicative and business competence.

This type is impossible in mass in large numbers. It`s difficult to control. This University type can`t be very big, with high number of students. This types can be installed into vast University Corporations as educational modules (colleges, institutes, business schools).