- •Передмова
- •Unit 1 Part 1. The National Technical University of Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"
- •1. Read the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the following questions:
- •4. Translate these words into Ukrainian:
- •5. Finish the following sentences:
- •6. Define whether the statements based on the text are true or false. The first sentence has been done for you.
- •7. Answer the following questions:
- •Part 2. Economy and Industry of Ukraine
- •1. Read the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Translate the following words and word combinations into Ukrainian:
- •4. Translate the following words and word combinations into English:
- •5. Fill in the gaps using the above text.
- •6. Put have/has or have got/has got into the given sentences.
- •7. Write the questions that go with the following answers.
- •Part 3. Industry of Great Britain
- •3. Answer the following questions. There is just one correct answer to each of them.
- •4. Fill in the gaps with the proper word from the text.
- •5. Translate the following words into Ukrainian:
- •6. Translate the following words into English:
- •7. Refer the given sentences to Past Indefinite. Make up all kinds of questions to each of the sentences.
- •8. Divide the following infinitives into two columns and give their second and third forms.
- •Unit 2 Part 1. The Best Cars in the World
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Read and translate the following passages :
- •3. Answer the following questions.
- •Part 2. Henry Ford
- •3. Work in pairs. Make up 5 questions to the text and let your partner answer them. Then exchange the roles.
- •4. Try to find in the text the antonyms to the following words:
- •5. Try to write a short story of Henry Ford's life in chronological order:
- •6. Match the word with its translation. The first one is done for you.
- •7. Read the sentences below. Fill in the gaps with appropriate simple indefinite pronouns.
- •8. There are three forms of indefinite pronouns: affirmative, interrogative and negative. One sentence in each line is done for you. Fill in the table.
- •9. Make up sentences with each of the following
- •Unit 3 Part 1. From the History of Computer
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Read and translate the text:
- •3. Translate the following sentences and make up 4 different questions to each of them:
- •4. Find the “odd” word:
- •5. Match the words with their translations:
- •6. Try to put these words in the right order and make a sentence.
- •7. Correct the mistakes.
- •8. Fill in a/an or the where necessary.
- •Part 2. Robots – Ideal Workers
- •1. Read the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Read and translate the text:
- •4. Match the questions in column a with the answers in column b.
- •5. Will you agree with the following statements? Give your reasons.
- •6. Match the words with the similar meaning.
- •Unit 4 part 1. The Era of High-Tech Pollution
- •3. Read and translate the following words into Ukrainian:
- •4. Fill in the missing information in the following summary using the above text.
- •5. Find the odd word out.
- •6. Match the types of pollution with their effects
- •7. Fill in the word(s) from the list below. Use the word(s) only once.
- •8. Fill in the correct word(s) from the list below:
- •Part 2. Environmental Protection
- •1. Read the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text:
- •3. Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •4. Fill in the correct word(s) from the list below:
- •5. Match the words with the opposite meaning.
- •6. Discuss the following questions with your partner.
- •7. Make all possible word combinations.
- •8. Find in each line the derivative from the first word.
- •Unit 5 Part 1. Science in our Life
- •1. Read the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Change the direct speech into the indirect speech.
- •4. Choose the right form of the verb from the brackets. Mind the rules of sequence of tenses.
- •5. Put as many questions to each sentence as possible.
- •6. Ask your partner and then say what they answered
- •7. Translate into English.
- •Part 2. The Science of Mechanics
- •1. Read the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Work in pairs. Make up 5 questions to the text and let your partner answer them.
- •4. Match the word with its translation. The first one is done for you.
- •1. Read the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the following questions.
- •4. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.
- •1. Read the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text:
- •7. Answer the following questions. There is just one correct answer to each of them.
- •Unit 7 Part 1. Metals
- •1. Read and translate the following words and words-combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text. Memorize all highlighted words:
- •3. Fill in the gaps using the text:
- •4. Translate the following words into English:
- •5. Transform sentences from Active to Passive Voice:
- •6. Make up Passive tense forms with the following words:
- •Part 2. Mechanical Properties
- •1. Read and translate the following words and words-combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Choose the proper example.
- •4. Fill in the gaps using sentences from the text:
- •5. Find out which statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct mistakes:
- •6. Transform sentences from Active into Passive Voice:
- •7. Translate the following words and learn them:
- •8. Fill in the table with the missing forms of verb:
2. Answer the following questions:
1. What is a robot?
2. What does the word "robot" mean?
3. When did first robots appear?
4. What are the most common applications of robots today?
3. Read and translate the text:
According to the "Robot Institute of America", 1979, "A robot is defined as a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks."
A robot is described as a machine designed to execute one or more tasks repeatedly, with speed and precision (Webster's dictionary). There are as many different types of robots as there are tasks for them to perform. A robot can be controlled by a human operator, but most robots are controlled by computer
People keep finding new uses for robots. Robots can make and package drugs, textiles, and foods. Certain dangerous jobs are best done by robots. Guided remotely using video cameras, there are mini-androids that investigate and defuse bombs.
Robots can also go into dangerously polluted environments, like chemical spills or radioactive "hot zones" in nuclear power plants. Some spider-like robots are designed to explore areas with extreme radiation that would kill a human. The need for such a robot was made clear during the Chernobyl nuclear reactor accident in 1986. An explosion and fire released dangerous radioactive material into the air which made rescue and containment work nearly impossible.
Some robots "see" using ultrasonic sound, much the same way bats do. Touch sensors, also help otherwise blind robots navigate. Feelers, contact switches and bump sensors let a robot know when it has made contact with walls or objects. Piezoelectric material is often used in touch sensors because such crystals respond to pressure with a small electric voltage. They can detect vibration, impact, and even heat.
Robotic sensors can detect specific gases including gases that humans can not smell. One of the most important uses of smelling robots is in airports, detecting fumes from explosives hidden in luggage and shoes.
Speech recognition systems have come a long way in the last decade. There are already systems that let you "type" into a computer with your voice and some telephone menus use speech recognition systems to let you make your selections verbally. Processing language is complicated for any kind of robots.
If you think robots are mainly the stuff of space movies, think again. Right now, all over the world, robots are on the move. They are painting cars at Ford plants, assembling Milano cookies for Pepperidge Farms, walking into live volcanoes, driving trains in Paris, and defusing bombs in Northern Ireland. As they grow tougher, nimbler, and smarter, today's robots are doing more and more things humans can't—or don't want to perform.
Robots are ideal for jobs that require repetitive, precise movements. Human workers need a safe working environment, salaries, breaks, food and sleep. Robots don't. Human workers get bored doing the same thing over and over, which can lead to fatigue and costly mistakes. Robots don't get bored.
Ninety percent of robots work in factories, and more than half make automobiles. Car factories are so highly automated that most of the human workers supervise or maintain the robots and other machines. Robots assemble car body panels and weld them together, finish and paint the car bodies, and stack and move partially completed cars.
Another factory job done by robots is arranging chocolates in boxes. Guided by a computer vision system, a robotic arm can locate a piece of chocolate on a moving conveyer belt, gently pick it up and turn it to the proper orientation, and place it in a specific location within a box on another moving conveyer belt. Sure, it's a task that almost anyone could do. . .but could you do it 20,000 times a day, every day?