Вариант 1- а ( технические специальности)

I. D.I. Mendeleyev (1834 – 1907)

1) Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev is a famous Russian chemist. He is best known for his development of the periodic table of the properties of the chemical elements. This table displays that element’s properties are changed periodically when they are arranged according to atomic weight.

2) Mendeleyev was born in 1834 in Tobolsk, Siberia. He studied chemistry at the University of St.Petersburg, and in 1859 he was sent to study at the University of Heidelberg. Mendeleyev returned to St. Petersburg and became Professor of Chemistry at the Technical Institute in 1863. He became Professor of General Chemistry at the University of St. Petersburg in 1866. Mendeleyev was a well-known teacher, and, because there was no good textbook in chemistry at that time, he wrote the two-volume “Principles of Chemistry” which became a classic textbook in chemistry. In this book Mendeleyev tried to classify the elements according to their chemical properties. In 1869 he published his first version of his periodic table of elements. In 1871 he published an improved version of the periodic table, in which he left gaps for elements that were not known at that time. His table and theories were proved later when three predicted elements: gallium, germanium, and scandium were discovered.

3) Mendeleyev investigated the chemical theory of solution. He found that the best proportion of alcohol and water in vodka is 40%. He also investigated the thermal expansion of liquids and the nature of petroleum.

4) In 1893 he became director of the Bureau of Weights and Measures in St. Petersburg and held this position until his death in 1907.

Дополнительный словарь:

to classify – классифицировать

two-volume – в двух томах

gap[ gæp] – пробел, пропуск, тех. Зазор

gallium [΄gæliəm] – галлий

germanium – германий

scandium[΄skændiəm] – скандий

Bureau of Weights and Measures [bju:ə΄rou] – Палата Мер и Весов

1. Прочтите и устно переведите текст, затем перепишите и письменно переведите 2) абзац текста.

2. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту.

1. What is the main principle of periodic table of elements?

2. What was the reason of writing the textbook “ Principles of Chemistry”?

3. Составьте пять типов вопросов к следующему предложению.

Mendeleyev investigated the chemical theory of solution.

II. 1. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, принимая во внимание различные функции слов, it, that, one.

1. It will be possible to provide the laboratory with new measuring instruments.

2. It was only in the past century that man understood the nature of heat.

3. One may work in this laboratory only observing certain rules.

2. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения.

1. You may use this instrument in your experiments.

2. You must provide us with all necessary data.

3. You ought to be careful when experimenting with this substance.

3. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, учитывая различные функции глагола to be.

4. A totally new safety system is being installed.

5. Our task is to finish the test by 7 o’clock.

6. He will be asked to make a report.

4. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, учитывая различные функции глагола to have.

4. We had finished our laboratory-work.

5. The engineers have to be worked out very carefully.

6. The lightning rod invented by Lomonosov has found wide practical application.

5. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое, его видовременную форму и залог.

4. Mendeleyev is best known for his development of the periodic table of the properties of the chemical elements.

5. In this book Mendeleyev tried to classify the elements according to their chemical properties.

6. Much experimental work will have been done by that time.