Цикл іі Етап і

Вправа 1 (с. 95)

1) В усіх реченнях повідомляється про щось таке, що усвідомлюється мовцем не як реальний факт, а як бажане, обумовлене, необхідне, проблематичне або ж таке, що суперечить дійсності.

2)

а) 1, 3, 9	є) 8
б) 5, 13, 17	ж) 15, 16
в) 4, 12	з) 18
г) 6, 10, 14	и) 7
д) 2
е) 11

Етап іі

Вправа 1 (с. 97)

а) 2, 6

б) 3, 5

в) 1, 4, 7

Вправа 2 (с. 99)

1. If the investments had increased last year, we would have bought new equipment.

2. If I knew her number, I would send her a fax.

3. If I lost my job tomorrow, I would move to London to find another one.

4. If I were you, I would have another look through those figures.

5. I think they might give me that job in Paris if I applied for it, but I'm not interested in it.

6. What laws would you change if you were in Parliament?

7. If I were the Prime Minister, I would raise taxes and spend more money on education.

8. I would have called in yesterday if I had known you were at the office.

9. They would have gone out of business years ago if they had not invested in new technologies.

10. If we had waited a few more months, we would have saved a great deal of money on the new computers.

11. If we had had the right figures, we could have avoided a costly error.

12. Her presentation could have been better if she had been more prepared.

Вправа 3 (с. 100)

1. If he hadn't gone into banking, he might have gone into insurance.

2. If these machines were not so expensive, we would buy them.

3. If I invented a new product, I would patent it immediately.

4. If I were you, I would think very carefully before investing.

5. We could produce cheaper goods if our labour costs were lower.

6. Would sales have been higher last year if the price had been lower?

7. I would go out somewhere if it were not raining.

8. We would have won that contract if we had made a better offer.

9. If they hadn’t won that order, they would have had to close the factory.

10. The company would have made bigger profits if they had been able to cut down on salaries.

11. If you had left earlier, you might have got there on time.

12. If we had a car, we wouldn’t have to use city transport every day.

Вправа 5 (с. 103)

1. contributed	10. had found
2. would be	11. would have applied
3. had known	12. had had
4. would not have done	13. drop
5. will meet	14. breaks
6. maintain	15. comes
7. wait	16. let
8. will give	17. improve
9. would have moved	18. will make

Вправа 8 (с. 104)

1. got	4. would need
2. would have	5. started
3. moved	6. would not be

Вправа 11 (с.105)

2)

1. had not had / would have come out

2. had been / would have dropped

3. had not launched / would not have risen

4. had not been / would have cut

5. had not brought out / would not have gone up

6. had won / would have reached

Вправа 14 (с. 108)

1. It is necessary that the customers (should) contact us tomorrow.

2. It was very important that Mr Wilson (should) agree to our proposal.

3. Our partners have insisted / have urged that the contract (should) be signed immediately.

4. Local authorities require / demand that the factory (should) be closed not later than September.

5. I insist / urge that you (should) send the letter by fax.

6. It is desirable that we (should) spend more on advertising.

7. Our proposal / suggestion is that the government (should) decrease taxes.

8. The resolution was that the tariffs (should) be increased as early as May.

9. The director proposed / suggested that we (should) pay to our suppliers the following month.

10. The Parliament has decreed that the petrol tax (should) be abolished.

11. It was urgent that that question (should) be settled before our partners arrived.

12. We stipulated that the terms of payment (should) be changed.

Вправа 15 (с. 108)

1. The Central Bank requires / demands that commercial banks (should) reduce their credit rates.

2. The lawyer advised / recommended that the terms of the contract (should) be reconsidered.

3. The Director has ordered that employees (should) work on Saturdays until the situation stabilizes.

4. Our request was that the equipment (should) be delivered as soon as possible.

5. Our Manager required / demanded that I (should) see the lawyer.

6. I insist / urge that all the things (should) be thoroughly packed.

7. Their demand is that we (should) sell our shares.

8. It is important that Finance Director (should) be present at the meeting.

9. Our partners proposed / suggested that we (should) expand in Latin America.

10. We ask / request that you (should) delay launching this product.

11. It is necessary that you (should) show your advertisment to Marketing Manager.

12. Our customers prefer that the cargo (should) be delivered by sea.

Вправа 17 (с. 109)

1. place / should place

2. be formed / should be formed

3. speak / should speak

4. be ensured / should be ensured

5. be faxed / should be faxed

6. be held / should be held

7. be continued / should be continued

8. be / should be

Вправа 18 (с. 110)

1)

а) 1; 4

б) 2; 3

Вправа 19 (с. 111)

1. He is talking to her as if / as though he didn't know the truth. Yet, it is not so.

2. Max was so nervous as if / as though he had never given a presentation before.

3. She sounded as if / as though she had been offered that job.

4. You look as if / as though you had lost all your money.

5. It looks as if / as though our partrners have already taken a decision on this question.

6. The government acted as if / as though the country's economy were prosperous.

Вправа 20 (с. 112)

1. It looks as if / as though inflation will not exceed 5%.

1. They continued talking as if / as though they didn't hear me.

2. The Board of Directors acts as if / as though they didn’t understand the financial position of the company.

3. She asked that as if / as though she hadn't been working here for more than 10 years.

4. He is doing this work as if / as though it were not his duty.

5. Tim sounds as if / as though the problem had been settled.

Вправа 22 (с. 112)

1)

а) 2

б) 3

в) 1

Вправа 23 (с. 115)

1. I wish (that) my powers at yestersay's talks had been more considerable.

2. If only it were not raining now!

3. The local authorities wish (that) tax revenue to the local budget were larger.

4. If only we had a holiday now!

5. If only our firm would sign the contract tomorrow!

6. I wish I had paid attention to his warning.

7. If only you could join us after visiting the factory!

8. I wish I weren't going on a business trip tomorrow.

Вправа 24 (с. 115)

1. If only you had not been late for yesterday's meeting!

2. We wish (that) our partner would be a firm of stable financial standing.

3. We wish (that) we didn’t have to make our employees redundant.

4. We wish (that) we had followed his advice when we were buying the new equipment.

5. Tom wished (that) he had not sold his shares.

6. Mary wishes (that) she could discuss this question with the Director tomorrow.

7. If only you worked in our department!

8. Our boss wishes (that) our business would expand and diversify in future.

Вправа 26 (с. 116)

1. knew	7. had gone
2. had not drunk	8. didn’t have
3. would study	9. were
4. had not been sacked	10. had gone
5. had never suggested	11. could
6. could meet	12. earned

Вправа 27 (с. 116)

1. I wish you had won the contract.

2. Helen wishes (that) she were not useless in this situation.

3. Mike wishes (that) he hadn't said that to her.

4. Pete wished (that) he had not failed his driving test.

5. I wish they would return before Christmas.

6. I wish (that) you were seeing the accountants on Friday afternoon.

7. I wish you were always as happy as you are today.

8. We wish we hadn't given a discount to our distributors.

9. I wish my daughter didn’t stay out so late.

10. Jack wished (that) he had done a course in business English.

Вправа 29 (с. 117)

1) a) 1, 2 б) 3, 4, 5

2) 2, 3, 4

3) а) 1, 2, 3 б) 4, 5

4) Ці англійські речення є складними, в яких підрядні речення з'єднуються з головними за допомогою сполучника that.

Вправа 30 (с. 120)

1. Mr. Jones would rather not have signed the contract yesterday.

2. Our boss would rather that we worked more than we do now.

3. George would rather not meet our customers at tonight’s party.

4. I would rather that you insure this equipment.

5. Henry would rather that we had agreed to their terms at yesterday’s talks.

6. I would rather accept their terms than yours.

Вправа 31 (с. 121)

1. I would rather that you call your insurance agent today than tomorrow.

2. I would rather buy these machine tools than those we saw yesterday.

3. We would rather that our suppliers had delivered the spare parts a week ago than yesterday.

4. They would rather that their competitors not bring out the new model before they do.

5. I would rather that prices didn’t grow as quickly as they do now.

6. General Director would rather not have followed the lawyer’s advice then.

Вправа 33 (с. 121)

1) Це підрядні додаткові речення.

Вправа 34 (с. 123)

1. They feared / were afraid lest the goods should get damaged during transportation. Or: They feared / were afraid that the goods might get damaged during transportation.

2. I’m afraid they will have to fire about two hundred workers.

3. Mr. Brown fears / is afraid that the company may suffer badly because of the strike. Or: Mr. Brown fears / is afraid lest the company should suffer badly because of the strike.

4. I'm afraid lest our partners should delay the delivery of the spare parts. Or: I'm afraid that our partners may delay the delivery of the spare parts.

Вправа 35 (с. 123)

1. I’m afraid you will need enormous investments.

2. I'm afraid lest they should take over your company. Or: I'm afraid that they may take over your company.

3. We fear / are afraid lest we should have to increase our expenditures on transportation. Or: We fear / are afraid that we may have to increase our expenditures on transportation.

4. His parents feared / were afraid lest he should miss the flight. Or: His parents feared / were afraid that he might miss the flight.

Вправа 38 (с. 125)

1. It’s high time they raised / should raise our salary.

2. It’s time to tackle the problem of the city transport.

3. It’s time my complaint were dealt with. Or: It’s time my complaint should be dealt with.

4. It’s time Ann were promoted. Or: It’s time Ann should be promoted.

5. It’s time to invest money in this project.

6. It’s high time you paid all the taxes. Or: It’s high time you should pay all the taxes.

Вправа 39 (с. 125)

1. It’s time you paid off all your debts. Or: It’s time you should pay off all your debts.

2. It’s time to sum up our talk.

3. It’s high time you found a job. Or: It’s high time you should find a job.

4. It’s time the company administration increased overtime rates. Or: It’s time the company administration should increase overtime rates.

5. It’s time they read the contract. Or: It’s time they should read the contract.

6. It’s time for them to leave.

Вправа 41 (с. 125)

1. were / should be

2. to sell

3. produced / should produce

4. to give

5. were given / should be given

6. cut / should cut

7. improved / should improve

8. to get