Grammar: Непряма мова: загальні питальні речення

§ 1 Питальні речення, відтворені непрямою мовою, називаються непрямими запитаннями (indirect questions). Непрямі запитання мають структуру розповідного речення: в них прямий порядок слів (присудок ставиться після підмета), у часах Present і Past Simple допоміжне дієслово do не вживається, а також відбувається заміна часів, як у стверджувальних реченнях .

§ 2 При перетворенні запитань з прямої мови на непряму дієслово say у словах автора замінюється дієсловом ask або одним з його синонімів (wonder, want to know):

§ 3 При перетворенні прямої мови на непряму загальне запитання замінюється підрядним реченням, що з'єднується з головним за допомогою сполучника if:

He said to me, ‘Do you live in London?’ - He asked me if I lived in London.

She asked, ‘Is my sister in the street?’ - She asked if her sister was in the street.

She asked them, ‘Can you speak English?’ - She asked them if they could speak English.

She asked him, ‘Are you reading?’ - She asked him if he was reading.

He said, ‘Did you go to the cinema?’- He asked if I had gone to the cinema.

She asked me, ‘Have you translated the text?’- She asked me if I had translated the text.

He said, ‘Were you at the cinema?’ - He asked if I had been at the cinema.

Mary said, ‘Will you come to my place?’ - Mary wanted to know if I would come to her place.

1 Report these general questions

1. ‘Do you know Mary?’ I asked him. 2. I said to Boris, ‘Does your friend live in London?’ 3. I said to her, ‘Can you play tennis?’ 4. I asked Tom, ‘Have you had breakfast?’ 5. I said to Kate, ‘Did anybody meet you at the station?’ 6. I said to my mother, ‘Did anybody call me while I was away?’ 7. I asked Mary, ‘Will Nick call for you on the way to college?’ 8. Mark said to me, ‘Will you come tomorrow?’ 9. ‘Have you seen him today?’ Peter asked me. 10. He asked me, ‘Did you like that film?’ 11. ‘Were you busy yesterday?’ said Peter to me. 12. He asked me, `Is your brother an economist?’

2 Report these general questions

1. She said, ‘Will they arrive tomorrow?’ 2. ‘Did you wait for them at the station?’ they asked Mike. 3. ‘Did he buy a new car?’ said my friend. 4. He said to Mary, ‘Can you speak Spanish?’ 5. She said to me, ‘Were you in the park yesterday?’ 6. She asked me, ‘Have you ever spent your holidays in Greece?’ 7. Peter said, ‘Did they move to a new flat last week?’ 8. She asked, ‘Alice, do you remember Mike’s phone number?’ 10. Mary asked Jack, ‘Are you watching TV now?’ 11. ‘Will Mark go to the party with us?’ Alice said to Mary. 12. ‘Are you busy now?’ Nick asked his brother.

3 Report these general questions

1. He asked me, ‘Have you written an essay?’ 2. Alison asked Mike, ‘Have you ever been to the British Museum?’ 3. Susan said to me, ‘Did you pay the bill?’ 4. Mary asked her husband, ‘Will you take the children to the zoo tomorrow?’ 5. I asked Mary, ‘Do you ever help your mother?’ 6. He asked his child, ‘Are you hungry?’ 7. She said to me, ‘Did you discuss this problem with your parents?’ 8. He said to me, ‘Is this car yours?’ 9. ‘Did the train arrive on time?’ Peter asked me. 10. ‘Is he having dinner now?’ Mary asked me. 11. He asked me, ‘Can you speak any foreign language?’