IX. Answer the questions

1. What is the function of the endocrine system?

2. What glands make up the endocrine system?

3. What hormones does the pituitary produce?

4. What is melatonin responsible for?

5. What do adrenaline and noradrenaline prepare the body for?

6. Where does the thyroid gland lie?

7. What do the parathyroid glands regulate?

8. What is the amount of glucose in the blood governed by?

9. What do the sex glands control?

10. What does endocrinology study?

X. Open the brackets using the Active or Passive Voice

1. The endocrine system (to be) a network of ductless glands.

2. The front lobe (to produce) a group of tropic hormones.

3. These hormones (to carry) to other endocrine glands.

4. Prolactin (to maintain) milk production.

5. The pineal gland (to secrete) melatonin.

6. The adrenal glands (to divide) into a cortex and medulla region.

7. Steroids (to involve) in the metabolizing of sugars and proteins.

8. The amount of glucose in the blood (to govern) by cells in the pancreas.

9. Glucagon (to raise) blood glucose levels, and insulin (to decrease) them.

10. The endocrine cells of the pancreas (to cluster) in small masses and (to make) two hormones: glucagon and insulin.

XI. Choose the right preposition

1. The hormones are secreted directly … the blood stream.

2. The pituitary is divided … two lobes.

3. Tropic hormones are carried … other endocrine glands.

4. Adrenaline and noradrenaline help to prepare the body … “fight or fight”.

5. The amount … glucose … the blood is governed … cells … the pancreas.

6. Parathyroid glands hormones regulate the amounts … calcium and phosphate … the blood.

7. Endocrinology is the study … the endocrine glands and the treatment … diseases affecting these glands.

XII. Translate from Russian into English

1. Эндокринная система – это сеть беспроточных желез внутренней секреции.

2. Тропные гормоны гипофиза переносятся к другим эндокринным железам.

3. Пролактин поддерживает продукцию молока в молочных железах.

4. Мозговое вещество надпочечников продуцирует адреналин и норадреналин.

5. Гормоны коркового вещества надпочечников включают стероиды, участвующие в метаболизме сахаров и белков.

6. Гормоны паращитовидных желез регулируют количество кальция и фосфата в крови.

7. Глюкагон повышает уровень глюкозы в крови, а инсулин понижает этот уровень.

8. Половые железы секретируют гормоны, контролирующие продукцию зрелых половых клеток.

9. Эндокринология – это наука об эндокринных железах и лечении заболеваний, поражающих эти железы.

XIII. Read and translate the text “Endocrine System” After text step

XIV. Answer the questions on the text

1. Do you agree that the endocrine system is a network of ductless glands of internal secretion?

2. What substances do the endocrine glands produce and/or store?

3. Name the chief endocrine gland. Where is it situated?

4. How many lobes has the pituitary gland?

5. What hormones does the front (anterior) lobe produce?

6. What organs are the tropic hormones carried to?

7. Name the hormones which exert their influence directly.

8. What does the prolactin maintain?

9. Name the hormones which are produced by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

10. What organs is ADH carried to? Why is it carried there?

11. Do you agree that oxytocin helps the body to control its water content?

12. What hormone does the pineal gland secrete?

13. What is the function of melatonin?

14. What glands are divided into an outer (cortex) and inner (medulla) region?

15. What endocrine glands produce adrenalin and noradrenaline?

16. Do you agree that adrenalin and noradrenalin help to prepare the body for “fight or flight” in response to danger?

17. What processes of the human body are the steroids involved in?

18. Where does the thyroid gland lie?

19. The hormones of what glands control the rate at which cells use nutrients?

20. Where do the parathyroid glands lie in the body?

21. What is the function of the parathyroid glands?

22. What is the amount of glucose in the blood governed by?

23. Where does the pancreas lie?

24. What two hormones are made by the endocrine cells of the pancreas?

25. Name the functions of the glucagon and insulin.

26. What are male and female sex glands?

27. What are they necessary for in the human body?