Vocabulary exercises

I. Give English equivalents to the following words and expressions:

расходы по эксплуатации; амортизация; рисковать; инвестиционная субсидия; чистая прибыль; расходы по обслуживанию; загрузить до отказа; укладываться в бюджет; техническое состояние грузовиков; в долгосрочной перспективе; стимул; полагаться на; потребление; подрядчик; прогноз; выборочная проверка; срок эксплуатации; годовой прогнозируемый доход; рентабельность; предположение

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II. Match the words with definitions:

1. road-worthiness 2. depreciation 3. investment 4. articulated vehicle 5. turn-round time 6. to hi-jack 7. spot check 8. to give smb. a lift 9. traction unit

a) the detailed examination for road-worthiness of a vehicle carried out by the police anywhere and at any time b) reduction in value owing to use c) to take illegal control of a plane or other vehicle on a journey or in transit d) the front, motorised part, of an articulated vehicle which does the pulling e) the paying" of money into a bank or a company, or the buying of shares in order to get a profit f) the fitness of a vehicle to be on a public highway or road g) time from the arrival of a vehicle to when it starts its return journey; time to turn round and face the homeward direction h) to transport (without charge) in a car or lorry a person who would otherwise have to use public transport or go on foot i) large trailer which is pulled by a traction unit and can be dropped off at various points for loading and unloading

III. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box:

assumptions; maintenance costs; interest; initial cost; life of investment; operational costs(2); net discounted income; worth while ness; net investment; net capital; investment.

1) The………………………….....of a diesel vehicle is higher than for one with a petrol engine, the .................................. are usually higher too; but the …………………………………. are lower.

2) A(n) ……………………………………… is normally made on certain obvious ………………………………………. which are going to be either right or wrong.

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3) The ………… . related to the …………………………. over the………………………… indicates the degree of profitability or …………………………….... of the project.

4) DCF discounts the annual forecast income on the investment by a sum to repay ………………………….., pay ……………………………….. and cover all ………………………………………. (wages and fuel).

IV. Paraphrase the underlined parts of the sentences:

1) Try and cope with the job yourself. I'm only nominally your boss.

2) The scheme will work out more economically for the firm in the end.

3) Discounted Cash Flow is a technique for evaluating the profitability of an investment.

4) Managing Director should take all factors into account.

5) The tail board of the lorry was only just able to be shut as every inch of space was used.

6) Before starting a new business one should assess its cost-effectiveness.

7) Using this method we can't approximately calculate all expenses we'll incur.

8) We should replace company's equipment in order to double its output.

9) Every month it gets worse having to count on outside contractors.

V. Complete the following sentences:

1. Running a business means …………………………………………………………

2. DCF is a technique for ………………………………………………………………

3. The tail board of a lorry can be …………………………………………………..

4. Many companies get an investment grant which is a(n) ………………….

5. In order to stop making losses contractors decided to ……………………

6. Managing director rejected the idea of …………………………………………

7. The arguments against keeping company's own fleet of lorries are …………………………………………………