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The gomel medical institute

Our Institute was founded in 1990. It consists of several buildings. The central one houses the Administration of the Institute, the library, two reading-rooms and several departments. There are 5 Departments at our Institute:

  1. The Department of General Medicine;

  2. The Department of General Medicine and Diagnostics;

  3. The Department of General Preventive Medicine;

  4. The Preparatory Department;

  5. The Department of Medical Training for Foreign Students.

The period of studies lasts over 6 years. During the first two years students deal with general subjects such as Anatomy, Physiology, Histology, Microbiology, Medical Physics, History of Belarus, Foreign Languages and others. In this stage of studies the students acquire the necessary knowledge of the structure and functions of the human body.

The students start their clinical training in the third year. All the clinical departments are located in the different hospitals of our city. The students have an opportunity to work at the patient’s bedside and to learn how to recognize and cure diseases. In addition they acquire different practical skills, they are taught to feel pulse, to palpate, to take blood pressure, to give injections and so on.

Senior students also have to attend lectures and classes. Subjects dealt with are Pharmacology, Therapeutics, Surgery, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology.

During the entire 6 years course the students have to study about 60 subjects and take examinations and tests in them.

Almost every department has a scientific circle supervised be highly qualified specialists.

Our Institute doesn’t only provide medical training but it is also a center of medical research.

Qualified specialists graduate from the Institute every year and receive their appointments to work as doctors in hospitals of Belarus.

In 2002 the Gomel Medical Institute celebrated its 12th anniversary. The scientists, teaching staff and students are making a great contribution to the development of medical science.

We study anatomy

The curriculum of the Medical Institute includes a lot of subjects. Anatomy is one of the most important subjects and we pay great attention to it as we study various components of the human body.

The principal parts of the human body are the head, the trunk and the limbs (extremities). The upper extremities are the arms and the lower extremities are the legs.

The head consists of two parts: the skull, which contains the brain and the face. The brain is the control center of the body. It receives, processes and stores the information that floods into it from inside and outside the body. It gives “instructions” for body action. The face consists of the forehead, the eyes with the lashes, the eyelids, the mouth with the lips, the cheeks, the ears and the chin.

The ear includes three principal parts: the external or outer ear, the middle ear, and the internal or inner ear. The mouth has two lips: an upper lip and a lower lip. It contains the gums with the teeth, the palate and the tongue.

The head is connected with the trunk by the neck. The upper part of the trunk is the chest or thorax. It extends from the base of the neck to the diaphragm, which separates the chest from the abdomen. The thoracic cavity contains the heart, a strong muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. Blood carries essential supplies of food and fuel to every living cell and exchanges them for potentially harmful waste products. The thoracic cavity also contains the respiratory apparatus, including the two lungs, the lower part of the trachea and the bronchi. In each lung the bronchi branch into bronchioles, which lead into the alveoli. Here the carbon dioxide in blood brought from the heart in the pulmonary artery is exchanged for oxygen. Oxygenated blood returns to the heart in the pulmonary vein. The gullet or esophagus leads to the stomach, which is in the lower part of the trunk – the abdomen. The principle organs in the abdominal cavity are the stomach, the liver, the spleen, the pancreas, the small and large intestines, the kidneys, the gall-bladder and the bladder. The organs of the digestive system process and convert food into simpler substances that the body uses for nourishment. The liver is the largest and one the most complex organs in the body. It purifies the blood of wastes and poisons and helps the body digest and store nutrients. The kidneys filter out water and unwanted substances in the blood within the nephron units and excrete wastes into the bladder via the ureters.

The framework of bones called the skeleton supports the soft parts and protects the organs from injury. An adult skeleton consists of about 206 bones divided into 2 groups: the axial skeleton consisting of the skull, spine and ribcage; and appendicular skeleton, consisting of the limbs. The upper extremity is connected with the chest by the shoulder. Each arm consists of the upper arm, the forearm, the elbow, the wrist and the hand. We have four fingers and a thumb on each hand. The lower extremity (the leg) consists of the hip, the thigh, the shin, the knee, the calf, the ankle and the foot with the toes. The bones are covered with muscles. Muscle is a tissue composed of fibers that can contract and relax to produce movement in a part of the body.

The body is covered with the skin. It acts as a waterproof covering, a defense against damage and infection, a regulator of body temperature, and a sensory organ.

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