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User’s Guide

Mathcad 14.0

February 2007

Copyright © 2007 Parametric Technology Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

User and training documentation from Parametric Technology Corporation and its subsidiary companies (collectively “PTC”) is subject to the copyright laws of the United States and other countries and is provided under a license agreement that restricts copying, disclosure, and use of such documentation. PTC hereby grants to the licensed user the right to make copies in printed form of this documentation if provided on software media, but only for internal/personal use and in accordance with the license agreement under which the applicable software is licensed. Any copy made shall include the PTC copyright notice and any other proprietary notice provided by PTC. This documentation may not be disclosed, transferred, modified, or reduced to any form, including electronic media, or transmitted or made publicly available by any means without the prior written consent of PTC and no authorization is granted to make copies for such purposes.

Information described herein is furnished for general information only, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a warranty or commitment by PTC. PTC assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this document.

The software described in this document is provided under written license agreement, contains valuable trade secrets and proprietary information, and is protected by the copyright laws of the United States and other countries. It may not be copied or distributed in any form or medium, disclosed to third parties, or used in any manner not provided for in the software licenses agreement except with written prior approval from PTC.

UNAUTHORIZED USE OF SOFTWARE OR ITS DOCUMENTATION CAN RESULT IN CIVIL DAMAGES AND CRIMINAL PROSECUTION.

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On the Reference Documents page at http://www.ptc.com/appserver/cs/doc/refdoc.jsp, select Legal for the product and PTC Copyright for the document type. Alternatively, click Help > About on your product's main menu.

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND

This document and the software described herein are Commercial Computer Documentation and Software, pursuant to FAR 12.212(a)-(b) (OCT'95) or DFARS 227.7202-1(a) and 227.7202-3(a) (JUN'95), and are provided to the US Government under a limited commercial license only. For procurements predating the above clauses, use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software Clause at DFARS 252.227 7013 (OCT'88) or Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights at FAR 52.227 19(c)(1)-(2) (JUN'87), as applicable. 00002007

Parametric Technology Corporation, 140 Kendrick Street, Needham, MA 02494 USA

Contents

About This Guide

1

Other Documentation

1

Other Resources

1

Technical Support

1

1: Welcome to Mathcad

3

What Is Mathcad?

3

Highlights of the Mathcad 14 Release

4

System Requirements

6

Installation

7

2: Getting Started with Mathcad

9

The Mathcad Workspace

9

Regions

11

A Simple Calculation

11

Definitions and Variables

12

Graphs

14

Saving, Printing, and Exiting

15

3: Online Resources

17

Mathcad Resources

17

User Forums

21

Other Resources

23

4: Working with Math

25

Inserting Math

25

Building Expressions

27

Editing Expressions

31

Math Styles

35

5: Range Variables and Arrays

39

Creating Arrays

39

Iterative Calculations

40

Accessing Array Elements

43

Displaying Arrays

45

Working with Arrays

47

6: Working with Text

51

Inserting Text

51

Text and Paragraph Properties

53

Text Styles

55

Equations in Text

57

Text Tools

58

7: Mathcad Worksheets

61

Worksheets and Templates

61

Rearranging Your Worksheet

63

Layout

67

Safeguarding an Area of the Worksheet

69

Worksheet References

71

iii

Hyperlinks

72

Distributing Your Worksheets

74

8: Calculating in Mathcad

79

Defining and Evaluating Variables

79

Defining and Evaluating Functions

88

Units and Dimensions

90

Working with Results

93

Controlling Calculation

98

Error Messages

100

9: Solving

103

Solving and Optimization Functions

103

10: Inserting Graphics and Other Objects

109

Overview

109

Inserting Pictures

109

Inserting Objects

112

Inserting Objects Computationally Linked to Your Worksheet

114

11: 2D Plots

117

Overview of 2D Plotting

117

Graphing Functions and Expressions

119

Plotting Vectors of Data

122

Formatting a 2D Plot

125

Modifying a 2D Plot’s Perspective

127

Animations

129

12: 3D Plots

131

Overview of 3D Plotting

131

Creating 3D Plots of Functions

132

Creating 3D Plots of Data

134

Formatting a 3D Plot

139

13: Symbolic Calculation

143

Overview of Symbolic Math

143

Live Symbolic Evaluation

144

Using the Symbolics Menu

149

Examples of Symbolic Calculation

149

Index

157

iv

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