Vsemirny_doklad_o_torgovle_lyudmi_2015

GLOBAL REPORT ON

TRAFFICKING

IN PERSONS

2014

PREFACE

The exploitation of one human being by another is the basest crime. And yet trafficking in persons remains all too common, with all too few consequences for the perpetrators.

Since 2010, when the General Assembly mandated UNODC to produce this report under the UN Global Plan of Action to Combat Trafficking in Persons, we have seen too little improvement in the overall criminal justice response..

More than 90% of countries have legislation criminalizing human trafficking since the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, under the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, came into force more than a decade ago.

Nevertheless, this legislation does not always comply with the Protocol, or does not cover all forms of trafficking and their victims, leaving far too many children, women and men vulnerable. Even where legislation is enacted, implementation often falls short.

As a result, the number of convictions globally has remained extremely low. Between 2010 and 2012, some 40 per cent of countries reported less than 10 convictions per year. Some 15 per cent of the 128 countries covered in this report did not record a single conviction. The previous Global Report similarly found that 16 per cent of countries recorded no convictions between 2007 and 2010.

At the same time, we have continued to see an increase in the number of detected child victims, particularly girls under 18.

Most detected trafficking victims are subjected to sexual exploitation, but we are seeing increased numbers trafficked for forced labour.

Between 2010 and 2012, victims holding citizenship from 152 different countries were found in 124 countries. It should be kept in mind that official data reported to UNODC by national authorities represent only what has been detected. It is clear that the reported numbers are only the tip of the iceberg.

It is equally clear that without robust criminal justice responses, human trafficking will remain a low-risk, highprofit activity for criminals.

Trafficking happens everywhere, but as this report shows most victims are trafficked close to home, within the region or even in their country of origin, and their exploiters are often fellow citizens. In some areas, trafficking for armed combat or petty crime, for example, are significant problems.

Responses therefore need to be tailored to national and regional specifics if they are to be effective, and if they are to address the particular needs of victims, who may be child soldiers or forced beggars, or who may have been enslaved in brothels or sweatshops.

Governments need to send a clear signal that human trafficking will not be tolerated, through Protocol-compliant legislation, proper enforcement, suitable sanctions for convicted traffickers and protection of victims.

I hope the 2014 report, by providing an overview of patterns and flows of human trafficking at the global, regional and national levels, will further augment UNODC’s work to support countries to respond more effectively to this crime.

We have seen that governments and people everywhere are approaching human trafficking with greater urgency. This year, we marked the first ever United Nations World Day against Trafficking in Persons on 30 July, which provided a much-needed opportunity to further raise awareness of modern slavery.

But we need to advance from understanding to undertaking, from awareness to action. The gravity of this continuing exploitation compels us to step our response.

Executive Director United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

GLOBAL REPORT ON TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS 2014

CORE RESULTS

•Data coverage: 2010-2012 (or more recent).

•Victims of 152 different citizenships have been identified in 124 countries across the world.

•At least 510 trafficking flows have been detected.

•Some 64 per cent of convicted traffickers are citizens of the convicting country.

•Some 72 per cent of convicted traffickers are men, and 28 per cent are women.

•49 per cent of detected victims are adult women.

•33 per cent of detected victims are children, which is a 5 per cent increase compared to the 2007-2010 period.

Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by age and gender, 2011

WOMEN

49%

Source: UNODC elaboration on national data.

The data collection has revealed wide regional difference with regard to the forms of exploitation (see figure).

Forms of exploitation among detected trafficking victims, by region of detection,

2010-2012 (or more recent)

Source: UNODC elaboration on national data.