- •Contents
- •In This Book
- •To Prepare the Multimeter for Use
- •If the Multimeter Does Not Turn On
- •To Adjust the Carrying Handle
- •To Measure Voltage
- •To Measure Resistance
- •To Measure Current
- •To Measure Frequency (or Period)
- •To Check Diodes
- •To Select a Range
- •To Set the Resolution
- •Front-Panel Display Formats
- •To Rack Mount the Multimeter
- •Front-Panel Menu Reference
- •A Front-Panel Menu Tutorial
- •Messages Displayed During Menu Use
- •Menu Example 1
- •Menu Example 2
- •Menu Example 3
- •To Turn Off the Comma Separator
- •To Make Null (Relative) Measurements
- •To Store Minimum and Maximum Readings
- •To Make dB Measurements
- •To Make dBm Measurements
- •To Trigger the Multimeter
- •To Use Reading Hold
- •To Make dcv:dcv Ratio Measurements
- •To Use Reading Memory
- •Measurement Configuration
- •Math Operations
- •Triggering
- •System-Related Operations
- •Remote Interface Configuration
- •Calibration Overview
- •Operator Maintenance
- •Power-On and Reset State
- •Command Summary
- •Simplified Programming Overview
- •Using the MEASure? Command
- •Using the CONFigure Command
- •Using the range and resolution Parameters
- •Using the READ? Command
- •Using the INITiate and FETCh? Commands
- •The MEASure? and CONFigure Commands
- •Measurement Configuration Commands
- •Math Operation Commands
- •Triggering
- •Agilent 34401A Triggering System
- •The Wait-for-Trigger State
- •Triggering Commands
- •System-Related Commands
- •The SCPI Status Model
- •What is an Event Register?
- •What is an Enable Register?
- •SCPI Status System
- •The Status Byte
- •Using *STB? to Read the Status Byte
- •To Interrupt Your Bus Controller Using SRQ
- •To Determine When a Command Sequence is Completed
- •How to Use the Message Available Bit (MAV)
- •Using *OPC to Signal When Data is in the Output Buffer
- •The Standard Event Register
- •The Questionable Data Register
- •Status Reporting Commands
- •Calibration Commands
- •RS-232 Interface Configuration
- •RS-232 Configuration Overview
- •RS-232 Data Frame Format
- •Connection to a Computer or Terminal
- •RS-232 Troubleshooting
- •RS-232 Interface Commands
- •An Introduction to the SCPI Language
- •Command Format Used in This Manual
- •Command Separators
- •Using the MIN and MAX Parameters
- •Querying Parameter Settings
- •SCPI Command Terminators
- •IEEE-488.2 Common Commands
- •SCPI Parameter Types
- •Numeric Parameters
- •Discrete Parameters
- •Boolean Parameters
- •String Parameters
- •Output Data Formats
- •Using Device Clear to Halt Measurements
- •TALK ONLY for Printers
- •To Set the GPIB Address
- •To Select the Remote Interface
- •To Set the Baud Rate
- •To Set the Parity
- •To Select the Programming Language
- •Alternate Programming Language Compatibility
- •Agilent 3478A Language Setting
- •Fluke 8840A/8842A Language Setting
- •SCPI Compliance Information
- •IEEE-488 Compliance Information
- •Execution Errors
- •Self-Test errors
- •Calibration Errors
- •Using MEASure? for a Single Measurement
- •Using CONFigure with a Math Operation
- •Using the Status Registers
- •RS-232 Operation Using QuickBASIC
- •RS-232 Operation Using Turbo C
- •Thermal EMF Errors
- •Loading Errors (dc volts)
- •Leakage Current Errors
- •Rejecting Power-Line Noise Voltages
- •Common Mode Rejection (CMR)
- •Noise Caused by Ground Loops
- •Resistance Measurements
- •4-Wire Ohms Measurements
- •Removing Test Lead Resistance Errors
- •Power Dissipation Effects
- •Settling Time Effects
- •Errors in High Resistance Measurements
- •DC Current Measurement Errors
- •True RMS AC Measurements
- •Crest Factor Errors (non-sinusoidal inputs)
- •Loading Errors (ac volts)
- •Measurements Below Full Scale
- •High-Voltage Self-Heating Errors
- •Temperature Coefficient and Overload Errors
- •Low-Level Measurement Errors
- •Common Mode Errors
- •AC Current Measurement Errors
- •Frequency and Period Measurement Errors
- •Making High-Speed DC and Resistance Measurements
- •Making High-Speed AC Measurements
- •DC Characteristics
- •AC Characteristics
- •Frequency and Period Characteristics
- •General Information
- •Product Dimensions
- •To Calculate Total Measurement Error
- •Total Measurement Error
- •Interpreting Multimeter Specifications
- •Number of Digits and Overrange
- •Sensitivity
- •Resolution
- •Accuracy
- •Transfer Accuracy
- •24-Hour Accuracy
- •90-Day and 1-Year Accuracy
- •Temperature Coefficients
- •Configuring for Highest Accuracy Measurements
- •DC Voltage, DC Current, and Resistance Measurements
- •AC Voltage and AC Current Measurements
- •Frequency and Period Measurements
- •Index
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference
Output Data Formats
Boolean Parameters Boolean parameters represent a single binary condition that is either true or false. For a false condition, the multimeter will accept “OFF” or “0”. For a true condition, the multimeter will accept “ON” or “1”. When you query a boolean setting, the instrument will always return “0” or “1”. The following command uses a boolean parameter:
INPut:IMPedance:AUTO {OFF|ON}
String Parameters String parameters can contain virtually any set of ASCII characters. A string must begin and end with matching quotes; either with a single quote or with a double quote. You can include the quote delimiter as part of the string by typing it twice without any characters in between. The following command uses a string parameter:
DISPlay:TEXT <quoted string>
4
Output Data Formats
Output data will be in one of formats shown in the table below.
Type of Output Data |
Output Data Format |
|
Non-reading queries |
< 80 ASCII character string |
|
Single reading (IEEE-488) |
SD.DDDDDDDDESDD<nl> |
|
Multiple readings (IEEE-488) |
SD.DDDDDDDDESDD,...,...,<nl> |
|
Single reading (RS-232) |
SD.DDDDDDDDESDD<cr><nl> |
|
Multiple readings (RS-232) |
SD.DDDDDDDDESDD,...,...,<cr><nl> |
|
|
S |
Negative sign or positive sign |
|
D |
Numeric digits |
|
E |
Exponent |
|
<nl> |
newline character |
|
<cr> |
carriage return character |
|
|
|
159
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference
Using Device Clear to Halt Measurements
Using Device Clear to Halt Measurements
Device clear is an IEEE-488 low-level bus message which can be used to halt measurements in progress. Different programming languages and IEEE-488 interface cards provide access to this capability through their own unique commands. The status registers, the error queue, and all configuration states are left unchanged when a device clear message is received. Device clear performs the following actions.
•All measurements in progress are aborted.
•The multimeter returns to the trigger “idle state.”
•The multimeter’s input and output buffers are cleared.
•The multimeter is prepared to accept a new command string.
For RS-232 operation, sending the <Ctrl-C> character will perform the equivalent operations of the IEEE-488 device clear message.
The multimeter’s DTR (data terminal ready) handshake line will be true following a device clear message. See “DTR/DSR Handshake Protocol,” on page 151 for further details.
TALK ONLY for Printers
You can set the address to “31” which is thetalk only mode. In this mode, the multimeter can output readings directly to a printer without being addressed by a bus controller (over either GPIB or RS-232).
For proper operation, make sure your printer is configured in the listen always mode. Address 31 is not a valid address if you are operating the multimeter from the GPIB interface with a bus controller.
If you select the RS-232 interface and then set the GPIB address to the talk only address (31), the multimeter will send readings over the RS-232 interface when in the local mode.
160
On/Off
Shift 
<
< 
<
Auto/Man
ENTER
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference
To Set the GPIB Address
To Set the GPIB Address
Each device on the GPIB (IEEE-488) interface must have a unique address. You can set the multimeter’s address to any value between
0 and 31. The address is set to “22” when the multimeter is shipped from the factory. The address is displayed on the front panel when you turn on the multimeter. See also “GPIB Address,” on page 91.
1Turn on the front-panel menu.
A: MEAS MENU
2Move across to the I/O MENU choice on this level.
4
E: I/O MENU
3 Move down a level to the HP-IB ADDR command.
1: HP-IB ADDR
4Move down to the “parameter” level to set the address.
Use the left/right and down/up arrow keys to change the address.
22 |
ADDR |
|
|
5Save the change and turn off the menu.
The address is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset.
161
On/Off
Shift 
<
< 
<
>
Auto/Man
ENTER
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference
To Select the Remote Interface
To Select the Remote Interface
The multimeter is shipped with both an GPIB (IEEE-488) interface and an RS-232 interface. Only one interface can be enabled at a time. The GPIB interface is selected when the multimeter is shipped from the factory. See also “Remote Interface Selection,” on page 92.
1Turn on the front-panel menu.
A: MEAS MENU
2Move across to the I/O MENU choice on this level.
E: I/O MENU
3Move down a level and then across to the INTERFACE command.
2: INTERFACE
4Move down to the “parameter” level to select the interface.
Use the left/right arrow keys to see the interface choices. Choose from the following: HP-IB / 488 or RS-232.
HP-IB / 488
5Save the change and turn off the menu.
The interface selection is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset.
162
