- •Latin and Fundamentals of Medical Terminology
- •Гродно 2005
- •Учебное пособие предназначено для иностранных студентов лечебного, педиатрического и медико-психологического факультетов медицинских вузов, изучающих дисциплину «Латинский язык и основы медицинской терминологии» на английском языке.
- •I. ROMAN ALPHABET
- •Letter
- •II. Pronunciation of vowels and diphthongs
- •III. Pronunciation of consonants and digraphs
- •IV. Pronunciation of letter combinations
- •V. EXERCIsES
- •I. Division of words into syllables
- •II. The main rules for the position of an accent in Latin.
- •Rules
- •English
- •Nominative
- •Latin
- •Learn components of medicinal plants
- •Learn names of medicinal plants
- •Learn drug names:
- •before meals
- •as needed
- •every 3 hours
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of acids:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •III. Graphically signed stress
- •IV. ACCENT IN WORDS OF GREEK ORIGIN
- •V. Exercises
- •I. ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
- •II. STRUCTURE OF ANATOMICAL TERMS
- •III. GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES OF A NOUN
- •GENDER
- •NUMBER
- •CASE
- •IV. DICTIONARY FORM OF A NOUN
- •V. DECLENSION
- •First declension
- •Third declension
- •Fourth declension
- •Fifth declension
- •VI. STEM OF NOUNS
- •VII. Exercises
- •VIII. VOCABULARY
- •I. INTRODUCTION
- •IV. The 2nd group adjectives of one form for all genders
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. INTRODUCTION: DEGREES OF COMPARISON
- •II. The comparative degree
- •III. The superlative degree
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. PARTICULARITIES OF THE THIRD DECLENSION
- •II. STEM OF LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •III. ENDINGS OF LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •IV. Exceptions to the rule of the masculine third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •V. LATIN MUSCLE NAMES
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. ENDINGS OF FEMININE THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •II. Exceptions to the rule of the FEMININE third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •III. Exercises
- •I. ENDINGS OF NEUTER THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •II. Exceptions to the rule of the NEUTER third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •III. Exercises
- •I. Nouns and adjectives endings in Nominative plural
- •IV. Exercises
- •V. VOCABULARY
- •I. Nouns and adjectives endings in GENITIVE plural
- •II. Particularities of the Genitive plural formation in the 3rd declension.
- •IV. VOCABULARY
- •I. ROLE OF PREFIXION IN THE FORMATION OF ANATOMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL TERMS
- •II. LATIN AND GREEK PREFIXES USED IN THE ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
- •IV. VOCABULARY
- •II. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •LESSON 5
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •Tetracyclīnum, i n
- •Writing good prescriptions
- •VI. Greek & Latin-English Clinical Dictionary
- •V. Latin-English Pharmaceutical Dictionary
- •VI. English-Latin Pharmaceutical Dictionary
- •VIII. Sample of the Examination Card
- •Latin and Fundamentals of Medical Terminology
98
LESSON 3
__________________________________________
In this lesson you will:
•Learn new basic roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms.
•Use these component elements to form and understand medical terms.
This lesson is divided into the following sections:
I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms.
II.Exercises.
I. ROOTS AND SUFFIXES USED IN THE GREEK AND LATIN MEDICAL TERMS
ROOTS
Greek and Latin |
English word |
Meaning |
Examples of medical |
roots |
elements |
|
terms |
odont-; |
odont-; |
tooth |
odontalgia |
(-odontia); |
-odontia; |
|
|
(-dentia) |
-dentia |
|
|
ophthalm-; |
ophthalm-; |
eye |
ophthalmopathia |
-ophthalmia |
-ophthalmy |
|
|
ot- |
ot- |
ear |
otoscopia |
|
|
|
|
paed-; |
ped- |
child; children |
paediatria |
(-paedia) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
phleb- |
phleb- |
vein |
phlebotomia |
|
|
|
|
phthisi- |
phthisi- |
tuberculosis |
phthisiatria |
|
|
|
|
psych- |
psych- |
mind |
psychologia |
|
|
|
|
trich-; |
trich- |
hair |
trichopathia |
(-trichia) |
|
|
|
99
SUFFIXES
|
Greek and Latin |
|
English word |
Meaning |
|
Examples of medical |
|||
|
suffixes |
|
|
elements |
|
|
|
terms |
|
|
-alg; |
|
|
-algia |
|
pain |
|
trichalgia |
|
|
-algia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-iāter; |
|
|
-iatrist; |
|
physician; |
|
paediater; |
|
|
-iatria |
|
|
-iatrician |
|
|
|
paediatria |
|
|
|
|
|
-iatry; |
|
science about |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
-iatria |
|
treatment |
|
|
|
|
-plasia |
|
|
-plasia |
|
formation; |
|
hyperplasia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
development |
|
|
|
|
-rrhagia |
|
|
-rrhagia |
|
bleeding |
|
rhinorrhagia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-rrhaphia |
|
|
-rrhaphy |
|
suturing |
|
metrorrhaphia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-rrhoea |
|
|
-rrhea |
|
discharge; |
|
rhinorrhoea |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
elimination |
|
|
|
|
-trophia |
|
|
-trophy |
|
nourishment; |
|
dystrophia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
development |
|
|
|
|
PREFIXES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Greek and Latin |
|
English word |
|
Meaning |
Examples of medical |
||||
|
prefixes |
|
|
elements |
|
|
|
terms |
|
a-; an- |
a-; an- |
no; not; |
aplasia |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
without |
|
|
|
|
dys- |
dys- |
malfunction; |
dysplasia |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
difficulty |
|
|
|
|
hyper- |
hyper- |
above; |
hyperplasia |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
excessive |
|
|
|
|
hypo- |
hypo- |
below; deficient |
hypoplasia |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
II.EXERCISES
1.Build up clinical terms with the given roots and suffixes, explain their meaning:
•hyper- (-keratosis; -mastia; -nephroma; -plasia; -trichosis; -trophia);
•hypo- (-plasia; -trophia; -gastrium; -thyreosis);
•dys- (-enteria; -trophia; -plasia; -keratosis;);
•a-; an- (-trophia; -plasia; -ophthalmia; -trichia; -dentia; -cheilia);
100
•-(o)rrhagia (ot-; metr-; proct-; gastr-; enter-; stomat-; ophthalm-; odont-; hyster-; cheil-; rhin-);
•trich(o)- (-pathia; -rrhoea; -osis; -algia);
•ot(o)- (-genus; -rrhagia; -scopia; -itis);
•phleb(o)- (-gramma; -graphia; -itis; -tomia; -ectomia; -rrhaphia);
•rhin(o)- (-scopia; -rrhagia; -rrhoea; -pathia; -itis; -algia).
2.Explain the meaning of the following terms:
1) psychologia |
2) phlebotomia |
||
|
psychiatria |
|
phlebographia |
|
psychiater |
|
phlebogramma |
|
psychogenus |
|
phlebitis |
|
psychopathia |
|
|
|
psychotherapia |
|
|
3) |
trichopathia |
4) |
ophthalmologia |
|
trichalgia |
|
ophthalmorrhagia |
|
trichorrhoea |
|
endophthalmitis |
|
trichosis |
|
ophthalmoscopia |
|
atrichia |
|
anophthalmia |
5) |
proctalgia |
6) |
otorrhoea |
|
odontalgia |
|
otorrhagia |
|
trichalgia |
|
otoscopia |
|
gastralgia |
|
otogenus |
|
|
|
otitis |
|
|
|
otalgia |
3. Give the Greek & Latin variants and explain the meaning of the following terms:
trichopathy; phlebotomy; pediatrician; otogenic; ophthalmology; hypoplasia; otoscopy; dystrophy; hyperkeratosis; phlebography; adentia; enteropexia; proctalgia; aplasia; psychogenic; atrophy; cheilorrhagia; rhinoscopy; phlebitis; trichalgia; psychiatry; otitis; enterorrhaphy; otorrhea; endophthalmitis; odontalgia; dysplasia; hysterorrhaphy; otorrhagia; rhinorrhea; phlebogram; stomatitis; psychopathy; metrography; proctorrhagia; hypotrophy; gastrorrhagia; acheilia; atrichia; gastritis; enterorrhagia.
101
4. Give the Latin spelling of the terms; explain their meaning:
phlebogram; psychotherapy; phlebotomy; odontoma; dystrophy; psychiatry; otogenic; hypertrophy; enterorrhaphy; phlebography; metrography; rhinorrhea; psychogenic; psychopathy; trichorrhea; otoscopy; angiocardiography; enteropathy; hypotrophy; ophthalmoscopy; encephalogram; cholecystotomy; mastopathy; trichopathy; nephropathy; phthisiatrist; stomatoscopy; dysentery.
5.Form the Greek & Latin clinical terms according to the meaning:
•study of tuberculosis
•incomplete development of an organ or tissue
•bleeding from ear
•toothache (pain)
•lack of hair
•inflammation of vein
•physician who treats children
•abnormal development
•science about treatment of mental disorders
•study of eye disorders
•bleeding from tooth
•decrease in size or wasting away of a cell, tissue, organ or part
•internal examination of ear
•disease of hair
•abnormal increase of breast in size
•cutting of vein
•developing from tooth