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processus posteriōris tali; pars laterālis ossis occipitālis; hiātus canālis nervi petrōsi minōris; nervus cutaněus brachii laterālis inferior; processus maxillāris conchae nasālis inferiōris; ligamentum longitudināle anterius columnae vertebrālis.

9. Translate into Latin using superlative degree:

gluteus maximus muscle; the longest muscle of neck; superior nuchal line; longissimus chest muscle; supreme nasal concha; the widest back muscle bursa ;gluteus minimus muscle; the widest back muscle; scalenus minimus muscle; little (the fifth) finger.

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LESSON 6

LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS.

MASCULINE GENDER

In this lesson you will:

•Become familiar with the Latin third declension nouns.

•Learn how to find the stem of the third declension nouns.

•Learn the endings of the masculine third declension nouns.

•Become familiar with the structure of muscles names.

This lesson is divided into the following sections:

I.Particularities of the third declension. II. Stem of Latin third declension nouns. III. Endings of Latin third declension nouns.

IV. Exceptions to the rule of the masculine third declension nouns endings.

V. Latin muscle names. VI. Exercises.

VII. Vocabulary

I. PARTICULARITIES OF THE THIRD DECLENSION

The third declension includes nouns of all the three genders which have different endings in Nominative singular and –is in Genitive singular.

Parisyllaba and imparisyllaba third declension nouns

The Latin nouns of the 3rd declension can be divided into parisyllaba and imparisyllaba.

The first group includes a few feminine nouns that have equal number of syllables in Nominative singular and Genitive singular, such as:

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auris, is f – ear

cutis, is f – skin

The nouns that have one more syllable in Genitive singular than in Nominative singular are called imparisyllaba, cf. the following examples:

corpus, ŏris n – body caput, ĭtis n – head

II. STEM OF LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS

The stem determination of Latin third declension nouns is of great practical significance because the stem gives the clue to the formation of most of the other forms, for example of plural forms.

The stem of nouns of the 3rd declension is determined by the Genitive singular form.

The stem of nouns of the 3rd declension is obtained from the Genitive singular form by dropping the ending –is.

E.g.:

III. ENDINGS OF LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS

Most nouns ending by –os, -or, -o, -er, -ex, -es (imparisyllaba) are masculine, cf.: