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Файл:Урология - Urolithiasis
.pdf
Open and laparoscopic surgery
Open and laparoscopic surgery are reserved for stones that have not been treatable with less invasive treatment options or are associated with extensive anatomic abnormalities that require simultaneous repair (only for 2% of patients).
Neprectomy is performed only in case of secondary pyonephrosis or 3 stage hydrohephrosis with nephrogenous arterial hypertension
Surgical approach to kidney
a- Simone, б - Tcherni, в –
Bergman-Israel, г – Peans, д -
Fedorovs
Nephrolitotomy
Posterior pyelolithotomy
Ureterolithotomy
Cystolithotomy
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