New york

1. New York is the largest metropolis in the United States. Officially it is the City of New York, and popularly it is called New York City. It was founded by the Dutch more than three hundred years ago at the mouth of the Hudson River. In 1626 Dutch colonists set up here the first settlement, named New Amsterdam. They bought Manhattan Island from Indians for 24 dollars and a barrel of rum. The Americans say that it was the best business deal ever made in New York. In 1664 the colony was captured by British fleet under the Duke of York and renamed New York. In the 18th century New York grew into the largest city of the USA.

2 New York is difficult to describe. You can say anything you like about it and always be right; if you listen to different people talking about it, they can each describe a different town. For some, it's a centre of art, music and theatre; for others, a city of finance and politics. First of all, New York is the greatest seaport in the USA. More than half the trade of the USA goes through the city. It is also a great financial centre where "money-making" is the main law of life. It is the symbol of big business and its Wall Street has become a nickname for big monopolies all over the world. Economic and financial power of the US is concentrated in the sky-scrapers of Wall Street, in the world's exchange, in the banks, among them the oldest in the city. The Bank of New York was founded in 1784. New York is the leading textile centre of the country and its clothes industry. It has a considerable printing industry and many book-shops. It is also undoubtedly one of the centres of social and spiritual life of America.

3 New York includes five boroughs: Manhattan, the Bronx, Queens, Brooklyn and Richmond The population of New York now is 8 million people - 16 million if you include the suburbs and another four million come to the city to work here but live elsewhere. Among the inhabitants of York one can meet people of almost all nations. The citizens speak seventy-five different languages. It is even called "Modern Babylon".

4. New York is a city of striking social contrasts. It is a place where most millionaires live and at the same time a greater proportion of New Yorkers live at a lower level than the average for the US.

Пояснения к тексту:

Stock Exchange - фондовая биржа

borough (амер.) - городской район

elsewhere - где-нибудь в другом месте

to die – здесь. затихать

Контрольное задание n 2

Для того, чтобы правильно выполнить задание N 2 необходимо усвоить следующие разделы

курса английского языка по рекомендованному учебнику:

1. Видо-временные формы глагола: а) активный залог -формы Simple (Present, Past, Future); формы Continuous (Present, Past, Future); формы – Perfect ( Present, Past, Future); 6) пассивный залог - формы Simple (Present, Past, Future).

2. Модальные глаголы: а) модальные глаголы, выражающие возможность: can (could), may и эквивалент глагола саn – to be able to; 6) модальные глаголы, выражающие должествование: must, его эквиваленты to have to, to be to..

3. Простые неличные формы глагола: Participle I (Present Participle), Participle II (Past Participle) в функциях определения и обстоятельства, The Gerund - герундий, простые формы.

4. Определительные и дополнительные придаточные предложения (союзные); придаточные обстоятельственные предложения времени и условия.

5. Интернациональные слова.

Используйте следующие образцы выполнения упражнений.

Образец выполнения I (к упр. I).

The prices had changed before June began.

Цены изменились до начала июня.

Had changed – Past Perfect Active от глагола – to change

The new laboratory equipment was sent for yesterday.

Вчера послали за новым оборудованием лаборатории

Was sent for – Past Simple Passive от глагола – to sent for.

Образец выполнения 2 (к упр. II).

The changes affecting the prices are important.

Изменения, влияющие на цены, важны..

Affecting – Participle I, определение

When exported the consumer goods are examined.

Когда потребительские товары экспорптируются, они проходят контроль.

Exported – Participle II, обстоятельство.

The goods are imported by this firm.

Товары импортируются этой фирмой

Are imported - Participle II, составная часть видо- временной формы в Present Simple Passive от глагола to import.