Painting Art

Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface (support base). In art the term describes both the act and the result, which is called a painting. Paintings may have for their support such surfaces as walls, paper, canvas, wood, glass, lacquer, clay or concrete. Paintings may be decorated with gold leaf, and some modern paintings incorporate other materials including sand, clay, and scraps of paper.

Painting is a mode of expression and the forms are numerous. Drawing, composition or abstraction and other aesthetics may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner. Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, be loaded with narrative content, symbolism, emotion or be political in nature.

A portion of the history of painting in both Eastern and Western art is dominated by spiritual motifs and ideas; examples of this kind of painting range from artwork depicting mythological figures on pottery to Biblical scenes rendered on the interior walls and ceiling of The Sistine Chapel, to scenes from the life of Buddha or other scenes of eastern religious origin.

The oldest known paintings are at the Grotte Chauvet in France, claimed by some historians to be about 32,000 years old. They are engraved and painted using red ochre and black pigment and show horses, rhinoceros, lions, buffalo, mammoth or humans often hunting. However the earliest evidence of painting has been discovered in two rock-shelters in Arnhem Land, in northern Australia.

Ex. 1. Translate the given words into Ukrainian.

1. painting art , 2. incorporate other materials, 3. drawing, composition or abstraction and other aesthetics, 4. conceptual intention, 5. spiritual motifs, 6. representational painting, 7. narrative content, 8. painting range, 9. mythological figures, 10. landscape painting.

Ex. 2. Translate the following words into English

1. пігмент, 2. колір, 3. поверхня, 4. лак, 5. глина, 6. естетика, 7. символізм, 8. емоція, 9. охра, 10. природа.

Граматичний матеріал: Теперішній перфектно-тривалий час (Present Perfect Continuous)

Стверджувальна форма Affirmative	Питальна форма Interrogative	Заперечна форма Negative
I have (‘ve) been doing	Have I been doing?	I have not / haven't been doing
you have (‘ve) been doing	Have you been doing?	you have not / haven't been doing
he has ('s) been doing	Has he been doing?	he has not / hasn't been doing
she has ('s) been doing	Has she been doing?	she has not / hasn't been doing
it has ('s) been doing	Has it been doing?	it has not / hasn't been doing
we have (‘ve) been doing	Have we been doing?	we have not / haven't been doing
they have (‘ve) been doing	Have they been doing?	they have not / haven't been doing

have/has been + Verb-ing (Present Participle)

Випадки вживання

Дія, яка розпочалася в минулому, розвивалася якийсь час і все ще продовжується.	I have been learning English for 5 years.
	He has been waiting for her for two hours but she still hasn't come.
	I've been doing my homework since dinner.
	Your eyes are red. Have you been crying?
Дія, яка почалася в минулому, розвивалася деякий час і завершилася нещодавно чи щойно.	Do you like the room? I have been painting it all day.
	Could we go outside? Somebody's been smoking here.

Повторення: Present Perfect

Ex. 1. Underline the correct word in bold.

1 I always/already do the housework on Saturdays.

2 We haven't booked our summer holiday just/yet.

3 My brother has just/ever joined the football club.

4 Linda has already/ever bought a new dress for the party.

5 Have you so far/ever tasted Japanese food?

6 Joe has been in Paris since/for two weeks.

7 I have never/just seen this film before.

8 The secretary has typed twenty letters yet/so far this morning.

9 I have been working here since/still July.

10 The Taylors have moved house recently/so far.

11 They still/already haven't employed a new supervisor.

Present Perfect Continuous

Ex. 1. Put in the verbs. Use the Present Perfect Continuous.

Ilona: Sorry I'm late.

Emma: It's OK….I haven’t been waiting...(I / not / wait) long.

What(1)..............................................................................................................(you/do)?

llona: I've been with Mrs King. (2)...................................................(she/help) me with my English.

Emma: Your English is very good. You don't need lessons, surely.

How long (3).........................................................(you / study) English?

Ilona: Er, eight years now. But my accent wasn't so good before I came to England.

(4).............................................................................................(I / try) to improve it.

I think (5)..........................................................................................................(it/get) better lately.

Emma: Your accent is fine, Ilona. Honestly.

Ex. 2. What could you say in these situations? Write sentences with the Present Perfect Continuous and a phrase with for. Use these verbs: play, read, swim, talk, travel, work