- •Stone age on the territory of Kazakhstan. Divisions into periods, archaeological monuments. Main characteristics.
- •Bronze Age Stone age on the territory of Kazakhstan. Divisions into periods, archaeological monuments. Main characteristics.
- •Saks tribal unity (location, economy, culture, social organization).
- •Huns in the history of Central Asia (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Usuns in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Turks in the history of Eurasia. Turkic and Western Turkic Khanates (politic and social history, economy).
- •7)Turgeshes and Kharlukhs in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Oghuz state in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •The Great Silk Way on the territory of Kazakhstan.
- •17) The development of culture and science in VI – XII centuries (Abu Nasyr al-Farabi, Balasaguni, u. Kazhgari, m. Khodzha Akhmed Yassaui).
- •20 )The formation of the state of White Horde and Mughulistan (political history, social organization).
- •The Mongol conquest of the territory of Kazakhstan and the consequences of the invasion.
- •Abulkhair Khanate (1428-1468) or The State of Nomadic Uzbeks.
- •23. Ethno genesis of a Kazakh people. The origin of the ethno name ‘Kazakh’.
- •The Kazakh Zhuzes: the origin, territory, tribal structure.
- •25. The formation and demise of Kazakh khanate XV-XVI.
- •27) The history of assessment of the Small, Middle and Great Hordes with Russia XVIII-XIX cc.
- •28. The history of assessment of the Small and Middle Zhuses with Russia.
- •The history of assessment of the Great Zhuz with Russia.
- •31. The assessment of Kazakhstan into Russian empire: the main stages and their features.
- •Kazakhstan within the Russian empire (administrative reforms of 1822, 1824, 1867-68 years and their colonial character).
- •Islamization and the introduction of Shari’a law by the end of the seventeen century.
- •43. Kazakh Khanate in the late 17-18vv. Politics Khan Tauke to unite the Kazakh land. "Jeti-zhargy."
- •48) The impact of Russian revolution of 1905 – 1907 on Kazakhstan.
- •51) ‘Alash Orda’ political party, its program aims and activity.
- •52) The success of 1917 October revolution and the establishment of Soviet government in Kazakhstan.
- •55) The policy of ‘military communism’ in Kazakhstan (1918-1920).
- •The Collectivization in Kazakhstan (1928-1940): the means of introduction and its consequences.
- •The policy of Soviet government in the field of culture in 1920-1930ss years.
- •In that policy we can find advantages and disadvantages.
- •The crimes of totalitarian regime in Kazakhstan: the mass repressions of 1920-1930ss years.
- •63) The feats of labour of Kazakhstan people during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).
- •The cultivation of the “Virgin Lands” in Kazakhstan in 1950-1960ss years: the projects and results.
- •68.The epoch of Enlightenment in Kazakhstan. Ibrahim Altynsarin the great teacher of humanity.
- •69. Kazakhstan – the new nation in the system of international relations. (membership in uno and other organizations).
- •72. The history of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
- •73) The fates of the leaders of Alash Orda government.
- •74) Kazakhstan as the successful experience of multiethnic state.
- •75) The role and functions of the Assembly of Kazakhstan people.
- •76) The foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the present time.
- •77. The collapse of the ussr. Proclamation of Kazakhstan as a sovereign and independent state.
- •79, The state symbols of Kazakhstan
- •80. The main priorities of the entrance of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 50 most competitive countries of the world.
- •81) Kazakhstan chairmanship in osce in 2010.
- •82. The Parliament of Kazakhstan
- •86) The crimes of totalitarian regime in Kazakhstan: the mass repressions of 1920-1930ss years.
- •89) The history of Kazakhstan at the beginning of the XX century. The role of the first Kazakh press.
- •90) The main priority is a multi-vector foreign policy
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The crimes of totalitarian regime in Kazakhstan: the mass repressions of 1920-1930ss years.
By the end of 20th suspiciousness and forcing became general. In 1928 The most part of Kazakh intelligentsia, the former figures of Alash Orda - Dulatov, Zhumabaev, Ajmauytov were subjected to repression. There was just hunting for blasting anti-Soviet elements. Criminal cases were fabricated. Purges in the party organizations became the routine practice.
The First congress of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan brought the final political death of the Alash Orda, which completed the campaign of vigilance that had began at the third plenum in November 1927. Shortly after the 1937 congress, mass arrested began; by the end of the year a whole generation of Kazakh intellectuals, historians, journalists, poets and writers were found guilty and executed for the crime of dedication to the Kazakh people.
The purges resulted as the total and mutual suspiciousness was boost - every member of the Kazakh buro of that first Congress of KazTkrayKom was arrested and charged with the “defamation and repression of party members”. These arrest triggered hundred of additional arrests, including many members of the Central Committee and most secretaries of the oblast gorkoms and raikoms. With this group were killed the remaining old Kazakh Communists who had joined the party in 1920, such as Zhandosov, Rozybakiev, Asylbekov, Sadvokasov, Nurmakov, Ryskulov were dismissed from the posts.
The most prominent of them, Turar Ryskulov, was arrested in Moscow and executed in February 1939.
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The political party “Alash”, its program aims and activity. The creation of government “Alash Orda” (1917-1918).
In February 1917 Tsar was overthrown by bourgeoisie and workers. The Provisional government consisting of bourgeoisie and workers was established as result of February Revolution. The revolution means something which is completely new and has nothing to do with the past. So in this revolution the structure and administration of the state was changing. Now people were rule through different commissions and committees. The first commissioners of then Provisional government were Bokeihanov, Tynyshbaev, Shokai etc. In this period old system was struggling with new system. Everything was in huge mess. In this mess Central Asian intelligentsia organized themselves to establish “Alash” party ( an organizational registration of “Alash“ party tok place in July 1917 in Orynbor city ). The party had its program. The program was touching issues of 1) Russia has to be democratic Federation; 2) Kazakh autonomy has to be created within Russian Federation; 3) Equality of rights among citizens of Russian Federation; 4) secularism; 5) Judicial power ; 6) Law enforcement and military field; 7) taxes have to be per income; 8) status of workers; 9) Education and science; 10) Land. A. Bokeihanov was elected as first chairman of the Party. However Alash had no long life. It was smashed once Bolsheviks got power. Alash was seen as symbol of national bourgeoisie and nationalism. The dream of independence and regional/national identity came true only in 1991.
“Alash Orda” government was created by members of the party Alash in Orenburg, 5-13 December 1917 (Obschekirgizskii Congress).
The announcement of the new Kazakh government, to be chaired by Ali Khan Bukeikhanov (from the minority group) was delayed a month, while negotia¬tions with the Turkestani autonomists proceeded. The new government, whether representing a united Kazakh community or only the steppe territory, would be declared as of that date. This would also give Bukeikhanov time to move from Orenburg and establish his administration in Semipalatinsk, which was designated the capital.
Because of cossack indifference and Bolshevik weakness, the Alash Orda government was left more or less on its own to govern the Kazakh community. Bukeikhanov and his supporters used the months immediately following their organizing conference to create an administrative structure that could raise and disperse revenue; they tried with mixed success to form a Kazakh militia and in general struggled to keep the steppe economy afloat.
The Alash Orda central executive body consisted of eight Kazakh members—one representative from each of the six oblasts and the Inner Side, plus A. Bukeikhanov as chairman—and fifteen deputies of non-Kazakh origin. By late February 1918 the Alash Orda was the effective responsible authority for the Kazakh populations of Semipalatinsk, Uralsk, Akmolinsk, and Turgai. An active Alash Orda organization also existed in Semirech'e, chaired by Muhammad Tynyshpaev. Alash Orda was eliminated by Bolshevik Military Revolutionary Committee on 5 March 1920.
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The participation of Kazakhstan people in the front battles of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).
The Kazakh soldiers participated in the war as a liberator of Europe from the plague of fascism.
497 persons were awarded for the feats in the Great Patriotic War the ranks of the “Hero of the Soviet Union” (including 97 ethnic Kazakhs - the 5th place among all the Soviets)). Among them M.Mametova and A.Moldagulova, the only two heroine girls from the Soviet East and many others. 110 people were awarded the Order of Glory of three degrees. 410,000 Kazakh people perished on the war-field of the Germany-Italy-Japan war.
Every fourth of the republic’ citizen, or 1 196 164 Kazakhstani was drafted to the Red Army. In Kazakhstan since the very beginning of the war 7 shooting brigades, about 50 separate regiments, 12 shooting and 4 cavalry divisions were formed. Other Kazakhstan divisions, brigades and regiments entered into the Soviet Army in 1942. Among this number three cavalry divisions and two shooting brigades were generated as the Kazakh national ones.
More than 42 thousand young men from Kazakhstan graduated at Soviet military institutions in 1941-1945 and 16 thousand officers were admitted to the 27 republican military institutions.
The Soviet Army, overcame huge difficulties and mobilized to defeat Nazi forces near Moscow. The immortal feat of Glorified 316th shooting division formed in Kazakhstan under the command of the major general I.V.Panfilov, that on November, 16th, 1941 nearby Dubosekovo crushed 18 fighting fascist vehicles and prevented seizure of Moscow, was known to all the world. The politruk V.G.Klochkov said the words which were known at all the front: «Russia is great, and there is no place to recede, — Moscow is behind us». Within a month, conducting endless fights on approaches to Moscow with Nazi forces surpassing them in four time, Panfilov division destroyed 2nd tank, 29th motorised, 11th and 110th infantry divisions of Hitler army.