Английский язык (учебное пособие)
.pdf10.Употребите Present Perfect или The Simple Past в предложениях:
1)Jackson (come) back from his holiday.
2)I (see just) this film/ I like it very much.
3)Yesterday we (receive) two letters and they were both from Kursk.
4)Mike (buy) a box of chocolate for Mother. Today is her birthday.
5)I (put) my gloves on that little table. And I can’t find them.
6)Mary (tell) you about him in the morning.
7)The child (wash) his hands and is ready for breakfast.
8)The train (arrive, just).
9)The ship (appear, not yet)
10)Caxton (print) his first book in 1477.
11.Подчеркните глаголы и переведите предложения на русский язык:
1)He forgot that he had had supper.
2)Mary remembered that she had put the book on the top of the shelf.
3)We thought that they had invited you.
4)The villagers told us they had gathered a lot of berries last year.
5)He said that he had planted an apple – tree near the windows.
6)The boys said that the ice had melt.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №3
1)Раскройте скобки, употребив нужную форму глагола. Переведите:
1)It is 5 o’clock. The family (has, is having) tea. Every day the family (has,
is having) tea at 5 o’clock.
2) In the morning Mother (cooks, is cooking) breakfast for us. It is 7 o’clock now. Mother (cooks, is cooking) breakfast.
3)Sometimes Mike (does, is doing) his lessons in the evening. Look at Mike! He (does, is doing) his lessons.
2)Усомнитесь в правильности данных высказываний:
Пример: The boys are having their history lesson. – Are the boys having their history lessons?
1)The teacher is speaking English now.
2)It is snowing.
3)The woman is listening to the radio.
3)Опровергните данные высказывания и дайте свои варианты:
Пример: Oleg is listening to the radio. Oleg is not listening to the radio. He is watching TV.
1)The teacher is speaking French.
2)They are eating some fruit.
3)We are singing a Russian song.
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4)Выберите нужную форму глагола и переведите предложения:
1)She always (sends, sent) letters to her brother who lives in Minsk. Have you (send, sent) the boy to the post-office? Andrew couldn’t (send, sent) a letter to his friend.
2)It (has become, became) warmer. Don’t put your coat on. I want to (become, became) a manager.
3)She never (break, broke) glasses, cups, plates. The boy (has broken, broke) his arm and he is in hospital now. Who (has broken, broke) the windows yesterday?
5)Дополните следующие ситуации по образцу, используя Present Perfect:
Пример: It’s cold in the room. (the window/be open/ for a long time) - The window has been open for a long time.
1)He knows English well. (he/ live in England/ for three years)
2)I am not hungry. (I/ have lunch/ already)
3)Have a cup of tea with me. (I/ bake/ a new cake)
6)Заполните пропуски предлогами “for” и “since”:
1)How long have you been here? – I have been here … two months, … last May.
2)What have you done … I last saw you?
3)How long have you studied Spanish? – Five years, … I was 18.
7)Переведите предложения, используя Present Indefinite или Present Perfect:
1)Мы живём в Москве с 1960 года.
2)Он играет в футбол с раннего детства.
3)Она ходит в этот магазин с тех пор, как переехала сюда.
8)Раскройте скобки, используя Past Perfect:
Пример: She hoped I (to pay) for the tickets. – She hoped I had paid for the tickets.
1)I went to see the sights after I (to buy) a map of Moscow.
2)She understood the letter after she (to read) it a second time.
3)After I (to spend) all the money I turned to my father.
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УРОК 4
Грамматика: степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий, модальные глаголы, словообразование, повторение системы времен глагола. Контрольная работа № 4.
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ АУДИТОРНОЙ РАБОТЫ
1.Напишите степени сравнения этих прилагательных (наречий):
Angry, big, busy, cheap, clean, clear, deep, fast, fat, early, funny, healthy, heavy, happy, hot, kind, sad, silly, little, good, bad, old, beautiful, careful, delicious, elegant, expensive, important, peaceful, useful, interested, lucky, lazy, neat, quick, long, many/much.
2.Сравните, как показано в образце:
Пример 1: London, Leeds (large, small) London is larger than Leads. Leeds is smaller than London.
Пример 2: this hotel, that one (expensive)
This hotel is more expensive than that one.
1)Europe, Asia (small, large)
2)France, England (big, small)
3)a journey by car, a journey by train (interesting)
4)the English language, the Japanese language (difficult)
5)a meal in a restaurant, a meal in a cafe (expensive, cheap)
6)a holiday in the country, a holiday in the town (pleasant)
3.Выберите правильное слово и переведите предложения на русский язык:
1)England is (less, smaller) than France.
2)I’ve got (less, smaller) time today than yesterday.
3)Don’t you spend (less, fewer) time at the stadium than in front of our TVs?
4)(Larger and larger, more and more) companies in the UK do business with Russian counterparts.
5)Isn’t this exhibition a little (less, smaller, fewer) than the one we went to last Sunday?
6)There are (less, fewer) people at the stadium on weekdays than at the weekend.
4.Ответьте на вопросы:
1)Which sea is deeper, the Black Sea or the Azov Sea?
2)Which sea is colder, the Black Sea or the Baltic Sea?
3)Which is the best time for a holiday? Which is the worst?
4)Which month is shorter, July or August?
5)Which is the hottest month of the year and which is the coldest?
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6)Which city is older, Moscow or St. Petersburg? (London or Washington?)
5.Переведите на английский язык:
1)Наша новая квартира гораздо больше и гораздо комфортабельнее старой.
2)Все комнаты больше и светлее, а кухня и ванная более современные.
3)Дом находится ближе к станции метро, вокруг больше магазинов, чем на старом месте.
6.Прочтите текст, выпишите предложения, в которых употребляются модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты и переведите письменно на русский язык:
Marketing starts in a market, where individuals or organized groups who want to buy goods or services meet people who want to sell them. The buyers must have money to spend and willingness to spend it, or a product or service they themselves are willing to trade. The sellers must have what the buyers want. To understand these groups is the first step in marketing. The marketers must determine the number of buyers, what they want to buy, how, when and where they want to buy it at what price and what they expect from it. Techniques of research have been developed to supply this information. Of course marketers have to decide which needs they want to meet. A concept for a product or service may develop long before any marketing research is done, or it may be a response to identified needs.
In part, at least, marketing determines what products and services are to be offered and where they could be used.
7.Ответьте на вопросы:
1)Can you drive (swim, play the piano)?
2)What can you do in the evening?
3)Where can you buy bread (sugar, meat)?
4)How many new words can you learn every day?
5)Must you attend all the lectures on management?
6)Who must we show the documents to?
7)May I use your telephone?
8)Who should accompany you to the party?
9)Do you have to stay in bed when you are ill?
10)Why do you have to hurry to the station?
8.Поставьте вместо пропусков подходящий по смыслу модальный глагол:
1)Let us ask mother. She … know his address.
2)You …drink cold water if you don’t fall ill.
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3)… help me? – I’m afraid not.
4)You … interrupt me when I’m speaking.
5)Pupils … eat during the lesson.
6)It …rain, take your raincoat.
7)My father … be at his office now, as it is 8 o’clock already.
8)… I switch on the radio? – Yes, you … .
9)… I smoke here? – No, you … .
10)You … take my pencil for a moment.
11)I … finish this work today. I’m tired.
9.Сделайте предложения отрицательными и вопросительными, переведите их:
Пример:Carol can speak three foreign languages. Carol can’t speak three foreign languages. Can Carol speak three foreign languages?
1)You have to get a foreign passport to go abroad.
2)You can share your experience with us.
3)She could buy flowers.
4)You must form your own opinion about it.
5)Everybody must know at least one foreign language.
6)He can skate.
7)You have to trust facts, not emotions.
8)Students should be well prepared for every class.
9)I have to take my test a second time.
10)The pills ought to be in a safe place.
10.Определите, какими частями речи являются подчёркнутые слова и переведите предложения письменно:
1)Fire produces smoke.
2)Smoke fills the room.
3)Students can’t smoke in the corridor.
4)Man needs electricity for industrial uses.
5)He uses electricity for his needs.
6)This flat houses a large family.
7)There are no dark rooms in new houses.
8)The garage houses 20 cars.
9)Water supplies power for industry.
10)The collector has large supplies of books.
11)Some plants suffer from heat.
12)Man must heat his house.
13)A worker times the speed of this machine.
14)He had to make the experiment many times.
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11.Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различную функцию совпадающих по форме слов:
1)The war ruined many cities. There are no ruined houses in the city.
2)Planned work gives good results. The professor planned all his lectures.
3)The University admitted 150 students. Peter was one of the admitted students.
4)The candidate submitted his documents. All the submitted documents are in the office.
12.Ответьте на вопросы письменно:
1)Do we drink boiling water or boiled water?
2)Does a student belong to training or trained people?
3)Who feels more nervous at the examination: examining or examined people?
4)What is more dangerous: to cross a freezing or a frozen river?
5)Does an archeologist study existing cultures or cultures existed thousands of years ago.
6)What does the chemist usually examine: the liquid filling the bottle, or the bottle filled with it?
13.Раскройте скобки, употребив верную форму глагола:
1)We eat much, she (to eat) little.
2)We are from Moscow, she (to be) from Canada.
3)You like ballet, she (to like) opera.
4)We drive slowly, she (to drive) fast.
5)I always give her good advice, she never (to follow) it.
6)She (to have) a very good time last Saturday.
7)We (to have) a lot of dolls in childhood.
8)I (to be busy) the whole day yesterday.
9)I (to study) Psychology last year.
10)He (to enter) to the University 3 years ago.
11)I (to hope) he (to be) at the office tomorrow.
12)You (to know) better next time.
13)We (not to see) you before Monday.
14)They (to book) tickets for us in advance.
15)The forecast says it … (to rain) tomorrow.
14.Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в форму Present Continuous, Simple Present, Simple Past или Simple Future:
1)Mother (to cook) a very tasty dinner yesterday.
2)Tomorrow Nick (not to go) to the University.
3)Look! My friend (to play) football.
4)Kate (not to write) letters every day.
5)You (to see) your friend yesterday?
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6)Your brother (to go) on a business trip last month?
7)What Nick (to do) yesterday?
8)When Nick (to get up) every morning?
9)Where you mother (to go) tomorrow?
10)He (not to play) the piano tomorrow.
11)We (to see) a very good film last Saturday.
12)You (to cook) every day.
13)What mother (to do) now?
14)I (not to play) computer games yesterday.
15)You (to write) a dictation tomorrow?
16)Where you (to spend) last summer.
15.Переведите предложения на английский язык:
1)Мой брат сейчас в университете.
2)Мой брат был вчера в кино.
3)Мой брат будет завтра дома.
4)Ты будешь завтра дома?
5)Она была вчера в парке?
6)Он сейчас во дворе?
7)Где папа?
8)Где вы были вчера?
9)Где он будет завтра?
10)Мы не были на юге прошлым летом. Мы были в Москве.
11)Моя сестра была студенткой в прошлом году, а сейчас она – врач.
12)Ты тоже будешь врачом? – Нет, я буду менеджером.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 4
1.Перепишите предложения и определите, какой частью речи являются подчеркнутые слова. Переведите предложения на русский язык:
1)This is a nice place. Place your book on that shelf, Boris.
2)Milk is necessary for children and grown-ups. Can you milk a cow?
3)They always show their orchard to the visitors. There was a flower-show in our town last autumn.
4)Animals can’t live without water. We water vegetable-beds every day.
2.Поставьте глаголы в скобках в соответствующем времени Simple (Present, Past, Future) и переведите предложения на русский язык:
1)He (to come) to the University tomorrow.
2)Ann (not to come) to the lectures.
3)He (not to go) to the cinema every day. He (to go) last Sunday.
4)Peter (to write) a letter in two days.
5)When he (to come)? I think he (to come) next Tuesday.
6)They (not to see) the film because they were very busy.
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3.Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect или Past Simple. Следите за порядком слов:
1)He (see) just me.
2)They (finish) already the letter.
3)John (find) them. They (be) in the yard.
4)We just (be) to the cinema. We (see) a good film.
4.Составьте предложения из данных слов и словосочетаний:
1)Last term, gave lectures, Professor Rodin, once a week.
2)Last month, two or three times, flew, to St. Petersburg, my brother.
3)Students, new technology, deal with, every day.
4)I, a young sister, have, called Rosemary, who, very stupid, is.
5.Напишите степени сравнения следующих прилагательных и наречий:
Late, big, small, little, short, busy, tall, young, numerous, expensive, important, pleasant, good, bad, many, far.
6.Выберитенужноеслово и переведите предложения на русский язык:
1)There was a (happily, happy) smile on her face.
2)The jacket is made of (real, really) wool.
3)Meggy plays piano (good, well).
4)The (heavy, heavily) suitcase was killing him.
5)The poor little dog looked (hungry, hungrily).
7.Вставьте вместо пропусков модальные глаголы can, may, must и переведите предложения на русский язык:
1)The man … be a foreigner. He …not understand Russian.
2)… you believe her story? It … be her imagination.
3)… I use your camera?
4)Something … be done to stop the criminal.
5)My watch … be two minutes fast. It … be 6 sharp now.
6)She … be a year or two older.
7)You … buy her flowers.
8)… you hear the music well?
9)If he did it himself, he … be very clever.
10)You … learn all the words.
8.Переведите предложения на русский язык:
1)Nick can run long distances.
2)He can speak many foreign languages.
3)You can join our group.
4)You mustn’t park the car here.
5)The boy must see a doctor.
6)You may keep my book for a week.
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7)Drivers may go at 60 kilometers an hour here.
8)You may stay at your friend’s over the weekend.
9)It may be cold. Take your coat.
10)Jack shouldn’t have laughed at John.
11)John ought to be more careful in the future.
12)You needn’t buy bread. We have some at home.
13)You needn’t have done this. It was useless.
14)I have to take a taxi not to be late.
15)We had to wait, as the manager was out.
16)Robert is to take exams next month.
17)We are to meet at 5 o’clock.
УРОК 5
Грамматика: структура распространенного предложения, безличные и неопределенно-личные предложения, страдательный залог.
Устная тема: My Job (Моя работа).
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ АУДИТОРНОЙ РАБОТЫ
1)Разберите предложения по членам предложения. Определите, какими частями речи выражен каждый член предложения (выполните задание письменно на русском языке):
1)Many businesses lose money.
2)This is especially true of small businesses.
3)New businesses often fail because of factors their owners can’t control.
4)Indirect competition happens when alternative products compete.
5)If interest on one investment declines you can put your money into another investment that has a better return.
6)Unlike certificates of deposit, the interest you earn is not fixed.
7)The most the shareholders can lose is the money they originally spent buying shares.
2)Прочтите текст, подчеркните придаточные предложения, определите вид каждого придаточного предложения и переведите письменно на русский язык:
The shareholders of a company have limited liability. The most they can lose is the money they originally spent buying shares. Unlike sole traders and partners, shareholders cannot be forced to sell their personal possessions when the business cannot pay. That the shares merely become worthless doesn’t bring any doubt. The problem is what the price of the share is.
Companies are run by boards of directors. The board of directors decides how firms is run and must submit an annual report to the shareholders. At the annual meeting the shareholders can vote to sack the
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directors, and each shareholders has as many votes as the number of shares owned.
3)Выберите и запишите предложения: 1) безличные 2) неопреде- лённо-личные, переведите их на русский язык:
1)It is important to collect all the information you need.
2)One must also know how large a printer is needed to print this number of books.
3)It is necessary to find the components of this product.
4)It has been assumed in the proceeding discussion that all the questions lie in the same place.
5)One should clearly understand that education is the most important part of social life.
6)It is noted that this article is the most interesting in this journal.
7)It may be possible to identify market segments and find the consumer of the product.
8)It may be necessary to build a new production line.
4)Напишите данные предложения в отрицательной и вопросительной форме:
1)It is safe to invest money in this bank.
2)High interest rate can cause a slump in industry.
3)There are many factors that affect small business.
4)The bank required a clear financial plan.
5)The revenue will be high next year.
5)Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам (письменно):
1)To start a new business you must make a good financial plan.
2)Bonds can be sold almost immediately.
3)Bonds may be purchased from banks or from brokers.
4)People start new businesses because they want to make money.
5)The directors of the company decided to pay dividends.
6)Образуйте Infinitive Passive от следующих глаголов:
To take, to ask, to read, to write, to invite, to invest, to drink, to eat, to smoke, to drive, to lend, to loose.
7)Прочтите текст, найдите предложения, в которых сказуемое выражено формами страдательного залога, и переведите их письменно на русский язык:
Although joint ventures have been used for decades as a way to organize a business in recent years they have been used much more widely. They have enjoyed such a surge of popularity, in fact, that more joint ventures have been announced since 1981 than in all previous years. Even U.S. multinations began to consider joint ventures when entering a new
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