Vocabulary Notes

surveying - обстеження

to survey - проводити обстеження

fire damp - метан

flame seam - горизонтальний шар

mine safety - безпека праці в шахті

exploitation of deposits - експлуатація родовищ

coal mining - добування вугілля

safety measures - міри безпеки

the manager of a colliery - начальник шахти

seam - шар

winning - підземний добування

steep seam - шар, що круто падає

inclined seam - похилий шар

Exercises:

1. Define the main idea of the text.

2. Make up a dialogue.

3. Retell the text.

5. Main tasks and key problems of our country economic development

The reliable supply of raw material resources is of great importance for the country's dynamic economic growth.

Our country is rich in the largest and often unique deposits of useful minerals. The country depends on its own fuel and energy resources to develop its national economy.

The trend of the economic development plans is towards the further growth of the country's energy potential mainly on the basis of atomic fuel and cheap coal. Coal plays a greater part in supplying the country, particularly its eastern regions, with fuel and electric power. The country plans a further development of the coal mining industry and an increase in the annual output of cool by the opencast method in the Ekibastuz, Kansk-Achinsk, Kuznetsk and the South Yakutia basins. Opencast mining which is the most economical method, accounts for 60 per cent of the total coal output. Large mining enterprises are under construction in the country's operating basins.

Oil and gas play an important part in the country's national economy. The output of gas, particularly its consumption for technical purposes increases. The construction of underground gas storage reservoirs continues mainly in the most fuel -consuming areas of the country. The output of oil and gas condensate also increases.

The intensification of the economy and the increase of its efficiency make high demands on such branches as ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgical industries.

In the ferrous metallurgical industry the output of the most economical kinds of metal products and high-grade steel greatly increases. New big metallurgical enterprises are under construction. The trend is towards a wider use of the method of direct reduction of iron from ores.

Provision is made forthe growth of the output of non-ferrous metals and other vital products for the metallurgical industry. All these measures create conditions for the stable development of all branches of the national economy, the increase of labour productivity and the improvement of the people’s living standard.

Notes

gas storage reservoirs-газосховища;

the method of direct reduction of iron from ores - метод прямого відновлення заліза з руд;

provision is made for - передбачається

Vocabulary Notes

opencast mining - відкрита гірська розробка

oil field - родовище нафти

basin - басейн

pig iron - чавун

cast iron - чавунний виливок

mine - шахта, рудник

mining - гірська справа

opencast - відкриті гірські роботи, кар'єр

grade - якість, сорт

non-ferrous metallurgy - кольорова металургія

consumption - споживання

Exercises:

1. Answer the following questions:

1. What useful minerals is our country rich in?

2. Does the country depend on its own fuel and energy resources?

3. What are the main consumers of coal?

4. In what regions do the plans provide for the development of the opencast method?.

5. Where does the construction of underground gas storage reservoirs continue?

6. Does the output of high-grade steel increase?

7. What method of producing iron from ores do you know?

2. Read the following. Define which sentences correspond to the text.

1. The trend of the economic development plans is towards the further growth of the country's energy potential mainly on the basis of atomic fuel and cheap coal.

2. The output of coal increases to satisfy fuel and electric power requirements.

3. The plans provide for the development of the coal mining industry in the eastern regions.

4. Underground mining accounts for about 60 per cent of the total coal output.

5. The output of gas greatly increases.

6. Provision is made only for the growth of the output of ferrous metals.