Basic English for Computing / Texts+Tests for Units 1-28 / Unit 18Документ Microsoft Office Word 97 - 2003
.docUnit 18
1 Words to know
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1 toolbox, n |
инструментальная панель (графическое меню доступных инструментальных средств) |
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2 paste, n, v |
вставка, вклейка (фрагмента текста) || вставлять, вклеивать (фрагмент текста) |
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3 page-makeup program, n |
программа компоновки страниц; настольная редакционно-издательская система |
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4 multimedia, adj.n |
1) мультимедийный 2) мультимедийные средства (общее название компьютерных технологий, использующих аудиовизуальные средства) |
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5 graphics package, n |
пакет программ для машинной графики |
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6 drag, v |
перетаскивать (фрагмент изображения по экрану) |
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7 feature, n |
особенность; признак; свойство |
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8 graphics hardware, n |
аппаратное обеспечение машинной графики |
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9 tool palette, n |
палитра инструментов (в графических или текстовых редакторах) |
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10 paint, n, v |
1) раскраска, расцветка 2) раскрашивать, расцвечивать, заполнять краской 3) рисовать |
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11draw, v |
чертить, вычерчивать |
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12 scale, n, v |
масштаб шкала, шкалировать |
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13 rotate, v |
поворачивать (об изображении) |
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14 fill, n, v |
1) заполнение, наполнение, заполнять, наполнять 2) заливка, закраска |
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15 vacuum tube valve |
электронная лампа |
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16 semiconductor transistor |
транзистор с полупроводниковой структурой |
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17 square |
квадрат (геометрическая фигура) |
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18 rectangle |
прямоугольник |
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19 triangle ['traɪæŋgl] |
треугольник |
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20 polygon, n |
многоугольник |
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21 video digitizer, n
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устройство оцифровки видеоизображения (преобразует аналоговый видеосигнал в цифровой) |
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22 bar chart |
гистограмма, столбчатая диаграмма |
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23 spreadsheet software, n |
программное обеспечение (ПО) крупноформатной таблицы |
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24 word processing software, n |
программное обеспечение (ПО) электронной обработки текста |
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25 scanning software |
программное обеспечение (ПО) сканирования |
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26 graphics/paint software |
программное обеспечение (ПО) машинной графики и раскраски |
2 Read the text
Graphics and Multimedia
A graphics package is used for creating and editing graphical images or drawings. This type of program usually has a set of icons called a toolbox to access the most commonly used graphics tools. It allows users to perform functions, such as creating shapes, scaling them to different sizes, rotating them and filling them with colour. Simple drawings can be created using a combination of pre-defined shapes such as squares, rectangles, triangles, and ellipses.
Multimedia is a combination of text, graphics, animation, sound and video. A popular multimedia encyclopedia program created by the Microsoft Corporation is called Microsoft Encarta. The text displayed on the screen contains hyperlinks, i.e. words that are linked to other text. When the user clicks on a link, the linked text is displayed on the screen. Encarta also has icons for displaying maps, charts, tables, pictures, sounds, animation, videos, and interactive activities.
Computers are general purpose instruments that are controlled by programs. Present-day computers are electronic devices but the first computers were mechanical. They were replaced by electro-mechanical computers that used electrical mechanisms. The first electronic computers used electronic switches in the form of vacuum tubes valves. Valves were later replaces by semiconductor transistors. The development of integrated circuits that contained millions of transistors in one small semiconductor chip enabled the development of microprocessors. This allows much smaller computers, called microcomputers, to be introduced. The most common type of microcomputer is small enough to sit on an office desk and is often referred to as a desktop computer.
3 Answer the following questions:
1 What type of program is used for creating and editing graphical images or drawings.
2 What is a toolbox?
3 What functions does a toolbox allow users to perform?
4 In what way simple drawings can be created?
5 What is the development history of present-day computers?
6 What enabled the development of microprocessors?
Test 11
Match each word from column A (1-29) with its partner from column B (a-cc) to make a computing term definition. All of these terms are from Basic English for Computing Units 17-18
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A |
B |
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1 a query language
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a) tools, machinery, and other durable equipment used for production of the graphic arts, especially commercial design or illustration
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2 database
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b) the action of separating something into parts or the process of being separated
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3 field
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c) a language for the specification of procedures for the retrieval (and sometimes also modification) of information from a database
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4 record
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d) the action or fact of carefully choosing someone or something as being the best or most suitable
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5 spreadsheet
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e) an element of a spreadsheet marked with column label followed by the row number
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6 search
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f) a type of application program used for storing information so that it can be easily searched and stored
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7 condition
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g) a program for designing the layout of a page for publishing
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8 selection
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h) a number of things in a more or less straight line
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9 selection rule
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i) a section of a database where an item of data stored
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10 cell
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j) A section of a database made up of related database fields
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11 row
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k) try to find something by looking or otherwise seeking carefully and thoroughly
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12 column
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l) the state of something with regard to its appearance, quality, etc.
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13 a logical operator
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m) A type of application program with an array of cells that is used for calculating formulas
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14 formula
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n) a vertical row of cells in a spreadsheet
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15 Structured Query Language
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o) a regulation or principle used at work with databases for obtaining required search results
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16 addition
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p) a mathematical relationship or rule expressed in symbols
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17 subtraction
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q) a set of icons displayed on a screen for selecting common program editing functions. For example, a graphics package usually has a toolbox containing icons for choosing the line width, the line colour, for creating different common shapes, and for rotating images.
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18 multiplication |
r) a computer programming-language that requires the programmer to write programs made up of self-contained units or procedures
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19 division
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s) a programming-language symbol that denotes a logical operation
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20 percentage
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t) a type of applications program that is used for creating and editing images and drawings
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21 toolbox |
u) the action or process of adding something to something else
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22 paste |
v) to insert a copy of data held in the computer’s memory at a chosen position |
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23 page-makeup program
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w) arithmetic operation or process or skill of taking one number or amount away from another |
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24 multimedia
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x) to move an object across the display screen by moving a mouse while holding down the mouse button |
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25 graphics package
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y) the process of calculating the total of one number multiplied by another |
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26 drag
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z) move or cause to move in a circle round an axis or centre |
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27 graphics hardware
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aa) the combination of text, graphics, animation, sound and video |
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28 fill
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bb) any proportion or share in relation to a whole |
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29 rotate
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cc) make a space or container to become full or almost full |