02-09-2014_16-40-43 / 2013 Пакеты прикладных программ

YACTb II

C"1CTEMbl YnPABJ1EH"1~ 5A3AM"1 .QAHHblX (CYS.Q)

rnaea 4

06LUME nPMHUMnbl PA3PA60TKM MHCl>OPMAUMOHHblX

CMCTEM

4.1. 5a3bl ,qaHHblX. TepMMHbl M onpe,qeneHMH

Ilpmm:MaTb onTHMaJibHhle perneHIDI c nepsoro pa3a, a He YCTPaIDITh pe3yJibTaThl H IlOCJie,llCTBIDI HenpaBHJibHblX TeXHWieCKHX perneHHH - BOT ,lleBH3 ynpaBJielJlieCKOH ,lleHTeJibHOCTH COBpeMeHHbIX npe,llrrpIDITHH.

CYE,ll - 3TO ycnex B ynpaBJieHHH.

Ilpouecc npHIDITIDI OITTHMaJibHoro perneHIDI B mo6bIX c<l>epax ,lle-

RTeJibHOCTH CB513aH npe)l{)l;e Bcero c He06XO,llHMOCTbIO rrpe,llBapHTeJibHOro aHaJIH3a 60JibIIIHX 06'beMOB HH<l>OpMaUHH, T. e. c TeM, qTo6bI cttaqaJia HaHTH o6JiaCTb ,llOnyCTHMbIX perneHHH, a 3aTeM B orpaHwqeHHOH o6naCTH BbI6paTb O,llHO e,ri:HHCTBeHHO OIITHMaJibHOe perneHHe.

KaK noKaJana rrpaKTHKa, rrpHIDITHe HepauwoHaJihHhIX perneHHH BO MHOfOM orrpe,ri:eAAeTC51 OTCYTCTBHeM y cneUHaJIHCTa He06XO,llHMOH

MH<l>opMaUHH.

na3bl ,ri:aHHbIX H CHCTeMbl ynpaBJieHIDI 6a3aMH ,ri:aHHbIX B 3TOM CJIY-

•-rae MO)l(}{O paccMaTpHBaTb KaK CTpaTerwqecKHe cpe,ri:CTBa B COBepweHCTBOBaHHH ynpaBJieHIDI rrpOM3BOJJ:CTBOM, TaK KaK 3TH rrporpaMMHbie npO,llyKTbl II03BOAAIOT C03,llaBaTb HH<l>opMaUHOHHbie CHCTeMhl, tteo6XO,llHMbie JJ:JI5I rrpHIDITIDI OIITHMaJibHbIX perneHHH.

lfraK, qTo )l(e TaKoe 6a3a ,llaHHbIX (E,ll) H CHCTeMa ynpaBJieHIDI 6aJaMH ,llaHHhIX (CYE,ll)? K CO)l(aJieHHIO, B 3TOM ttarrpaBJieHHH HH- <l>opMaUHOHHhIX TexHonorH:H He CYWecrnyeT .llOCTaToqHo qeTKHX on-

pe,ri:eJieHHH. PaccMOTpHM HeKoTophie HJ HHX.

1. Ea3a aa1t1tblX - UMeH06QHHOJl C060KynHOCmb aaHHblX, ompaJK:alOUJ,OJl cocmoHHue o6oeKmo6 u ux omHoULeHuii 6 paccMampu6aeMoii npeiJMemHoii 061wcmu [9].

CucmeMa ynpa6/leHUH 6a3aMU aaHHblX - C060KynHOCmb fl3blK06blX u npocpaMMHblX cpeacm6, npeOHa3HaiteHHblX a/lfl C03aaHUH, 6eaeHUH U C06MecmH020 ucno11b306aHUH E/l, MH02UMU no11b306amellflMu.

2. Ea3a aaHHblX - :Jmo C060KynHOCmb C6eaeHUU (o pe(lflbHblX o6oeKmax, npou,eccax, co6blmwvc U/lU H6/leHwvc), omHOCHUJ,UXCH K onpeae;zeHHoii

53

meMe WlU 3aoaite, opcaHU306aHHOJl maKuM o6pa3oM, itmo6bt o6ecneitumb yoo6Hoe npeocmaBAeHue 3mou coBoKynHocmu KaK 6 u,eAoM, maK u J1106ou ee itacmu [19).

0cH06Hbte rjJyHKU,UU cucmeMbt ynpa6JleHUR 6a3aMu oaHHbtX3mo onpeoeAeHue OOHHblX (onucaHue cmpyKmypbt 6a3bl OOHHbtx}, o6pa6omKa oaHHblX u ynpaBJleHue oaHHbtMU.

06paTHM BHHMaHHe Ha cymeCTBeHHOe OTJIM.'IHeBTOporo orrpe;::i:e-

Jiemrn E,It a HMeHHO Ha xapaKTepttcTHKY oco6oll: opramnauttH HH- <t>opMaUHH B ELI,.

B HaH60JihIIIeH CTerreHH, no HaIIIeMy MHeHHIO, CymHOCTh IIOIDITHM

ELI, H CYE,LI, pacKphITa B TOJIKOBOM cJioBape no Bhl'IHCJIHTeJihHhIM CHCTeMaM [ 16].

Ea3a oaH1tblX - 3mo t]JaiiA iJannwx, OAR onpeoeJ1e1tuR u 06paU{e1tuR K KomopoMy ucnoJ1b3y10mCJ1 coomBemcmBy10U{ue cpeocmBa ynpa6J1e1tUR. 3mo 031taitaem, Bo-nep6b1X, itmo 3mom rjJaii.Jl onpeoeJ1e1t nocpeocmBoM cxeMbl, ne 3a6UCRU{eu om npo2paMM, Komopbte K HeMy 06paU{a10mcR, u, 60BmopblX, itmo on pea.J1U30Ban BBuiJe 3an0Muna10111,ezo ycmpoiicmBa c npa-

MblM iJocmynoM.

B 3TOM orrpe;::i:eneHHH rro.rryxHpHhIM IIIPH<l>ToM BhI;::i:eJieHo rrpHHUHIIHaJihHoe OTJIM.'IHeIIOIDITIDI <t>all:Jia 6a3bl ;::i:aHHhIX OT JII06oro TeKCTOBOfO <t>all:Jia, a HMeHHO B03M0)1(HOCTh rro.rryqeHIDI HH$opMaUHH (;::i:aHHbIX) 0 KOHKpeTHOM o6'beKTe(KOHKpeTHOM 3aIIHCH) H3 3TOro <t>all:Jia.

TaKHM o6pa3oM, yqHThIBaH npttBe;::i:eHHhie onpe;::i:eJieHHH, MO)l(HO

CKa3aTh, qTO 6a3a iJaHHblX - 3mo t]Jaii.tl, opzaHU306QHHblU KQK t]Jaii.tl c npRMblM iJocmynoM. *

CucmeMa ynpaeAeHUR 6a3ou oa1tHbtX - 3mo cucmeMa npo2paMM1tow 06ecneite1tUR, UMe10U{OJ1 cpeocmea o6pa6omKu Ha R3btKe 6a3bt oaHHbtx, n0360J1R10U{aR o6pa6ambt6amb 06paU{e1tuR K 6a3e oa1t1tbtX, Komopbte nocmyna10m om npuKJlaOHbtx npoipaMM u (UAu) Ko1teit1tbtx noAb30BameAeu, u noooep;JJCU6amb u,eJlOCmHOCmb 6a3bl OOHHblX.

Pa3JIHqa10T TpH KJiacca CYE,LI,, 06ecneq1rna10111nx pa6oTY ttepapXM.'IeCKHX,ceTeBbIX 11 peJIHUHOHHhIX CHCTeM 6a3 ;::i:aHHhIX.

B HaCT05II11ee BpeMH )J;JI5I pa3pa60TKH HH$OpMaUHOHHhIX Cl1CTeM npe;::i:npIDITHM 11 ¢>11pM Hatt60JihIIIee pacnpocTpaHeHHe no.rryqHJIH pe-

A.rrropHTMhI o6pa6oTKH HH$opMau11H B TaKHX

ELI, OCHOBaHbl Ha 3JieMeHTax peAAUHOHHOM anre6pbl. no CBoe:H CYTl1 peAAUHOHHaH ELI, - 3TO HH$opMaUHH (;::i:aHHhie) 06 o6'beKTax,rrpe;::i:- CTaBJieHHaH B BH,JJ;e ;::i:ByMepHhIX MaCCHBOB - Ta6JIHU. qHCJIO Ta6JIHU B o;::i:HOM ¢>all:Jie ELI, 3aBHCHT, Bo-nepBhIX, OT 3a;::i:aq, peIIIaeMhIX HH- ¢>opMaUHOHHOM CHCTeMOM, H, BO-BTOphIX, OT Heo6XO)J;l1MOCTH OIITHMaJihHOfO pa3;::i:eJieHl151 HH$OpMau1111 Ha OT,JJ;eJibHbie, CB513aHHbie Me)K-

;::i:y co6o:H Ta6JIHUhI. KpttTepIDIMH onTHMaJihHOCTH peAAUHOHHOM ELI,

* IloIDinie <t>awrn rrpiIMoro .LJ:Ocryrra H rrpHHl\HIIhI ero opraHtt3au;uu H3BeCTHhI H3

TeOpHH rrporpaMMHPOBaHHJI MHOfOMepHbIX MaCCHBOB, B TOM qucJie Ha anropHTMH-

qecKHX JI3bIKax Basic H IlacKaJib.

54

HBm110Tc5I q11cJio rnaroB rro11cKa 11mpopMau;1111 11 o6neM rraMHTl1, tteo6xo,n:HMhIH ,[(JI51 pa3MeILI;eHH51 ,n:aHHhIX.

lfraK, peJI51l.(110HHa51 6a3a ,n:aHHhIX rrpe,n:cTaBJI51eT co6oii HeKOTOpoe MHO)l(eCTBO Ta6JIHU:, CB513aHHhIX Me)l(.[(y co6oii orrpe,n:eJieHHhIMH OTHOIIIeHH51Mlf. 0,n:HaKO 6a3a ,n:aHHhIX MO)l(eT COCT051Th If lf3 0,[(HOH Ta6Jil1LI;hI.

,[(Jul C03,[(aHH51 aBTOMaTl1311pOBaHHOH 11HcJ:>opMaLI;HOHHOH CHCTeMhI, rrpe,n:Ha3ttaqeHHOH .[(JI5I rrpe.n:ocTaBJieHH51 rroJih30BaTemo orrpe,n:eJieHHhIX ,n:aHHhIX H3 Ta6JIHU: B.Z:t Heo6xo,n:11MhI rrporpaMMhI, 06ecrreqHBa10Iu;He:

•IIOHCK HttcJ:>opMaI.J;lfl1 B Ta6JI11u;ax;

•Bhrno.n: HHcJ:>opMaU:HH B TPe6yeMOM Blf.[(e;

•y,n:o6HhIH ,[(lfaJIOfOBhlH pe)l(lfM pa60ThI.

TaKHM o6pa3oM, pa3pa6oTaB Ta6JIHU:hI B,[( H cooTBeTCTBYJOILI;He rrporpaMMhl, Mhl rronyqHM HHcJ:>opMaLI;HOHHYJO CHCTeMY yrrpaBJieHH51 peAAU:HOHHhIMH 6a3aMH ,n:aHHhIX HJIH peAAU:HOHHYJO CYB,[(.

4.2. 06aop nporpaMMHblX CMCTeM All.A paapa60TKM pen~n."MOHHblX CY6A

Bee 513hIKH MaHHIIYJIMpoBaHH51 ,n:aHHhIMH (HM,[() - 513hIKH 3arrpocoB, C03,[(aHHhie ,[(0 II051BJieHH51 peJI51LI;HOHHhIX 6a3 ,n:aHHhIX If pa3pa6oTaHHbie .[(JI5I MHOrHx CYB,[(, 6hIJIH opHeHTHpoBaHhI Ha orrepa- u;1111 c ,n:aHHhIMl1, rrpe,n:cTaBJieHHhIMl1 B Blf,[(e HepapxHqecKH CB513aHHhIX cJ:>aiiJIOB, If HMeJIH COOTBeTCTBYJOILI;He aJifOp11TMhl IIOl1CKa l1HcJ:>opMau;1111.

Ilo51BJieHHe peJI51LI;HOHHhIX 6a3 ,n:aHHhIX orrpe,n:eJIHJIO rrpe,n:rrOChIJIKH ,[(JI51 C03,[(aHH51.[(pyr11x, 6oJiee 6bICTPhIX aJiropHTMOB IIOHCKa HHcJ:>opMaU11lf. PaccMOTPHM rrpHHU:HIIl1aJihHhie OTJI11qlf5J Me)l(.[(y HepapXM:qecKoii l1 peJI51IJ;HOHHOH opraH113aIJ;lf51Ml111Hcl>OpMaIJ;HOHHOH Cl1CTeMhI Ha rrpHMepe rroqTOBOH CB513lf.

B cooTBeTCTB1111 c 11epap~ecKoii opraHH3au;weii HHcJ:>opMau;HoHHOH cHcTeMhI (pHc. 4.1) .[(JI5I Toro qT06hI Y3HaTh, r.n:e rrpo)l(lfBaeT lfBaHOB 11.11., Heo6XO,[(HMO YKa3aTb a;::i:peca BCex Bepllil1H IIOl1CKOBOfO rpacJ:>a. ArrropHTM TaKOfO IIOHCKa MO)l(HO OIIHCaTb CJie,[(YJOILI;HMH .n:eiiCTBH51Ml1 (o6o3HaqeHo rryHKT11ptthIM11 CTPeJIKaM11):

~ttaiiTH TPe6yeMoe 3HaqeHHe rroJI51 <1>110;

~HaHTH If 3aIIOMHHTh HOMep KBapTl1ph1;

~HaMTl1 11 3aIIOMHHTh HOMep ,[(OMa;

~HaHTH 11 3aIIOMHHTh HOMep (Ha11MeHOBaHHe) YJI11U:hI;

~HaHTH If 3aIIOMHHTh HOMep (HaHMeHOBaHHe) ropo.n:a (eCJIH ClfCTeMa pa3pa6oTaHa ,[(JI5I KOHKpeTHOfO ropo,n:a, 3TOT IIyttKT MO)l(HO HCKJIIOq11Tb);

~BbIBeCTH pe3yJihTaT IIOHCKa.

TaKHM o6pa3oM, .[(JI5I Haxo)l(,[(eHH51 a;::i:peca B ,n:aHttoii 11epapX11qec-

KOH cxeMe Heo6xo,n:HMO BhIIIOJIHHTh II51Th rnaroB.

55

.[(OM 1.1.2

CH.llopoB c.c. HBllHOB H.H.

I

I

-----------------------------~

PHc. 4.1. HepapXWiecKasi: oprairn3amrn HH¢>opMaUHOHHo:ii CHCTeMhl ropo)la 1

PacCMOTJ)MM aJifOPMTM IIOMCKa a)lpeca ,ll)UI attanorwrno:H CMCTeMbl, CTJ>YKTYPMPOBaHHOM B B:u.n;e Ta6JIMU:bl - pemi:u;MOHHOM cxeMbl opraHM3aU:MM CMCTeMbl (p:uc. 4.2).

AnropMTM IIOMCKa a)lpeca B TaKOM CMCTeMe orrpe,n;emi:eTCH cne,n;yioIIJ;MMH rnaraM:u:

~HaMTM HOMep CTJ)OKM, ,ll)UI KOTOpo:H 3HaqeH:ue IIOJUI Cl>MO paBHO 3a)laHHOMY (MBaHOB M.M.);

~BbIBeCTM 3HaqeHMH rrone:H B CTOJI6u;ax 1... 3 CTJ)OKM 2.

TaKMM o6pa3oM, JIY)KHOe q:ucno rnaroB rro:ucKa a,n;peca rrp:u pemi:- U:MOHHOM opraHM3aU:MM :umpopMaU:MOHHOM CMCTeMbl OKa3aJIOCb rrpaK- T:uqecKM B TJ)M pa3a MeHbrne, qeM B :uepapx:uqecKo:H.

Pwc. 4.2. Ta6Jiwrnasi: (pemn.(HOHHasI) cxeMa opraHH3aU:HH

.HH¢>opMaU:HOHHOH CHCTeMbI ropo)la 1

56

~ o6pa60TIGI HH<l>opMaUHH, CTpYJCTYPHPOBaHHOH B BH,D;e Ta6JIHU, - ,n;ByxMepHhIX MaccMBOB B KOHUe 70-x rr. XX B. <l>MpMo:H IBM 6bm pa3pa60TaH COOTBeTCTBYJOW:MH H3bIK, KOTOpbIH B ,ll;aJibHe:HrneM rro.rryqIDI Ha3BaHMe SQL. 5:13hIK SQL HBJrneTCH MPOM Bcex rrporpaMMHhIX rrpo,n;)'KToBwrn pa3pa6oTKH CYELI;.

Ha6onhrnee pacrrpocTpaHeHMe cpe.n;M rroJih30BaTene:H M pa3pa6oT- '-IMKOBCYELI; rro.rryqIDIM cne,n;yro:w;Me rrporpaMMHhie rrpo,n)'KThI:

• crreuManhHhie H3hIKM rrporpaMMMpoBaHMH dBASE, Clipper, Paradox, FoxPro M ,n;p.;

• rrpMKJIMHhie rrporpaMMHhie cMcTeMhI Clarion, Oracle, Delphi, Microsoft Access M ,n;p.

B rn6n. 4.1 rrpMBe,n;eHhI HeKoTopble xapaKTepMCTMKH rrporpaMMHhIX cMCTeM wrn pa3pa6oTKH CYELI;.

4.3. 3neMeHTbl pen.RL-'MOHHOMCY6.Q

KOMilbIOTepHaH MH<l>OpMaUMOHHaH CMCTeMa, rrpe.n;cTaBJIHIOW:aH co6o:H peJIBUMOHHYJO CYELI;, ,n;oJDKHa co,n;ep)!(aTh cne,n;yro:w;Me ocHoB-

Hhie 3JieMeHTbI: Ta6JIMUhI, 3arrpOChl, <t>opMbI, OT<IeTbl.

Ta6.J11HU>1. Ta6JIMUhl 6a3hI ,n;aHHhIX Moryr MMeTh pa3JIMqHoe Ha3Ha- '-lettMe. HarrpMMep: Ta6JIMUhI rrocTOHHtto:H MH<l>opMaUMM M ,n;MHaMMqecKHe Ta6JIMUhI.

Ta6J1uu,w nocmoannoii untjJopMaquu (ycnoBHO rrocTOHHHo:H) ,n;oJI)!(- HhI co,n;ep)!(aTb ,n;aHHbie, He MeHHIOW:MeCH B TeqeHHe ,n;JIMTeJibHOro Bpe-

57

MeHH. HanpttMep, cn11cKH COTPYJ1:HHKOB opratttt3au;tttt, tta3Bamrn Texttonor11qecKHX onepau;nu H T. n.

Tafi11uu,w nepeMennoii umjJopMau,uu (iJunaMu'lecKue mafi11uu,b1) -

3TO Ta6JIHU:hI, HH<pOpMaU:IDI 06 o6'beKTaxB KOTOPhIX IIOCT05IHHO ,n:o- IIOJIH5IeTC5I HJIH H3MeHHeTC5I IIOJib30BaTeJieM.

Ta6JIHU:hI 6a3bI ,n:aHHhIX (pHC. 4.3) COCT05IT H3 rrone:U - CTOJI6U:OB,

IOIUHX 06'heKThIB,r:i:. qHCJIO TIOJie:U B Ta6JIHu;e COOTBeTCTByeT qwcny npH3HaKOB, xapaKTepH3YJOIUHX o6'heKThIB,r:i:.

3 arr H c h co,n:ep)l(HT 3HaqeHIDI Bcex rrptt3HaKoB, xapaKTepH3YJO-

IUHX O,n:HH o6'beKT.qHCJIO 3anttcei:f: COOTBeTCTByeT qwcny o6'beKTOB,

,n:aHHbie 0 KOTOpbIX co,n:ep)l(aTCH B Ta6JIHIJ;e.

51 q e ii Ka co,n:ep)l(HT 3HaqeHHe COOTBeTCTBYJOmero rrpH3HaKa O)J,- HOfO (KOHKPeTHOro) 06'beKTa.

Ilone Ta6JIHU:hI B.ll: xapaKTeptt3yeTCH MHO)l(eCTBOM napaMeTIJOB, cpe,n:H KOTOpbIX o65I3aTeJibHhIMH HBJI5IIOTC5I HMH TIOJI5I, no,n:IIHCb TIOJI5I,

KOJittqeCTBO CHMBOJIOB, THTI J1:aHHbIX.

HMR Ha6op CHMBOJIOB, no KOTOpbIM rrpottcxo,n:HT IIOHCK cTon6u;a Ta6JIHU:hI. B HeKOTOphrx rrporpaMMHhIX cttcTeMax cymeCTBYJOT orpaHttqeHIDI Ha o603HaqeHHe HMeH IIOJieH no qwcny CHMBOJIOB HJIH THny IIIpmjJTa (HarrpHMep, TOJibKO aHfJIHHCKHH).

Jloonucb nofla - ttaJBaHHe rrptt3HaKa, KOTopoe 6y,n:eT Jarrwcatto B 3arOJIOBOK COOTBeTCTBYJOmero CTOJI6u;a Ta6JIHU:hI. Ha TIO)J,IIHCb TIOJI5I He cymecTByeT KaKHX-JIH60 orpattwqeHHH, o,n:HaKo npH ee COCTaBJieHHH CJie,n:yeT yqHTbIBaTh npe,n:rronaraeMYJO IIIHPHHY CTOJI6u;a B Ta6JI11u;e.

Ko!lu.,,,,ecm6o CUM60fl06 - xapaKTeptt3yeT IIIHPHHY cTon6u:a Ta6JIHU:hI

M orrpe,n:eJI5IeTC5I THIIOM ,n:aHHbIX.

ycTattoBJieHHhre rrpaBHJia onwcaHIDI CBOHCTB (xapaKTepttcTHK) o6neKToB. B CYB.ll: rrpHH5IThI cne,n:yroru;He octtOBHhre THTihI

P11c. 4.3. Ta6JIMU:a 6a3hI )J;aHHhIX MeTaJIJiope)KylllJIX cTaHKOB

58

Pttc. 4.4. <l>parMeHT onttcaHIDI QJHJwqecKoM: Mo,nentt ).l,aHHhIX

•,D;aTa IDIH BpeMR;

•,D;eHe:xrnb1e ( o6o3Haqemrn ,D;eHe:xrnhlX e,D;HHH11);

•norlfqecKHe (,I(a/HeT);

•TeKCTOBble rrpHMeqa.HIDI (MeMo), KOTOpbie MOryr CO,D;epxaTh TeKCT o6'beMOMHeCKOJibKO ,D;eCHTKOB TblCj{q 3HaKoB;

•o6neKThl OLE (Object Linking and Embedding), T. e. o6'beKTbI, pa3pa6oTaHHbie ,D;pyrHMH rrpIDioxeHHHMH Windows. Pa3MepbI rroAA TaKoro o6'beKTaMOryT ,Il;OCTHfaTb COTHH M6aitT.

ITpoeKTHPYH Ta6nm.1,y B,IJ;, tteo6xo,D;HMO cttaqana orrHcaTb xapaKTepMCTHKH Bcex IIOJieit, T. e. pa3pa60TaTb <l>H31fqeCKYJO MO,D;eJib )J;aHHbIX.

<!JU3U'leC1CllR MoaeAb aaHHblX npeacmaBARem C060U MHOJICeCmBO XapaKmepucmUK, onpeaeJ1J1.10w,ux cBoucmBa KaJ1Cao20 noAR.

0TMeTHM CJie,DyIOI1.I,He oco6eHHOCTH OIIHCaHHH <l>H3JiqeCKOH MO)J;e-

JIM )J;aHHbIX (pHC. 4.4):

qJiCJIO CHMBOJIOB YKa3bIBaeTCH AAA TeKCTOBbIX IIOJie:H, qTO CBH3aHO

c He06XO)J;JfMOCTbIO 3KOHOMHH rraMRTH KOMIIbIOTepa;

ToqHOCTb 3a)J;aeTCH AAA qJiCJIOBbIX rroneit H BbipaxaeTCH qJiCJIOM

3HaKOB IIOCJie 3aIIHTOH.

3anpochl li,I(. 3arrpOCbI rrpe)J;cTaBJTHIOT co6oit tta6op KOMaHA, rrpeAHa3HaqeHHbIX MH IIOHCKa H o6pa60TKH HH<l>opMaI.I,HH B Ta6JIHI.I,ax ITO 3MaHHbIM rroJib30BaTeJieM ycnoBHHM (3HaqeHHHM rroneit). CoBpeMeHHbie CYB,IJ; rroJBOAAIOT <PopMHpoBaTb cne,DyI011.1,He BMbI JarrpocoB: Ha

Bb16opKY, o6HoBJieHHe, A06aBJieHHe, YAaJieHHe, coJ)J;aHHe Ta6JIHI.I,.

3 a II p 0 c Ha Bbl 6 0 p Ky rrpe)J;Ha3HaqeH MH IIOHCKa (BbI6opa)

HH<l>opMaI.I,HH B KOHKpeTHOH Ta6JIHI.I,e (Ta6JIHI.I,ax) 6a3bl )J;aHHbIX (HarrpHMep, IIOHCK MO)J;eJieit CTaHKOB KJiacca AB Ta6JI. PHC. 4.3).

3 a II p 0 c H a 0 6 H 0 B JI e H H e rrpe)J;Ha3HaqeH AAA aBTOMaTlfqeCKOro o6HOBJieHHH )J;aHHbIX B OT)J;eJibHbIX j{qettKax Ta6JIHI.I,bl (HarrpHMep, ecJIH rrpH MOJJ:epHH3aI.I,HH CTaHKa CT-125 Ha pHc. 4.3 6y)J;eT M3MeHeH KaKOH-JIH6o rrapaMeTp, MO:xrno C03)1;aTb 3arrpoc, KOTOpbIH aBTOMaTH-

59