Practical Plastic Surgery
.pdf
LANDES
BIOSCIENCE
m u c e m e d a V
Surgery Plastic Practical
LANDES V a d e m e c u m
B I O S C I E N C E
Practical Plastic
Surgery
Kryger
Sisco
Zol B. Kryger
Mark Sisco
v a d e m e c u m
Practical Plastic Surgery
Zol B. Kryger, M.D.
Division of Plastic Surgery
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.
Mark Sisco, M.D.
Division of Plastic Surgery
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.
L A N D E S
B I O S C I E N C E
AUSTIN, TEXAS
U.S.A.
VADEMECUM
Practical Plastic Surgery
LANDES BIOSCIENCE
Austin, Texas U.S.A.
Copyright ©2007 Landes Bioscience All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in the U.S.A.
Please address all inquiries to the Publisher:
Landes Bioscience, 1002 West Avenue, 2nd Floor, Austin, Texas 78701, U.S.A. Phone: 512/ 637 6050; FAX: 512/ 637 6079
ISBN: 978-1-57059-696-4
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Practical plastic surgery / [edited by] Zol B. Kryger, Mark Sisco. p. ; cm. -- (Vademecum)
Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-57059-696-4
1. Surgery, Plastic. I. Kryger, Zol B. II. Sisco, Mark. III. Series.
[DNLM: 1. Reconstructive Surgical Procedures--methods. WO 600 P895 2007]
RD118.P73 2007 617.9'5--dc22
2007030517
While the authors, editors, sponsor and publisher believe that drug selection and dosage and the specifications and usage of equipment and devices, as set forth in this book, are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication, they make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to material described in this book. In view of the ongoing research, equipment development, changes in governmental regulations and the rapid accumulation of information relating to the biomedical sciences, the reader is urged to carefully review and evaluate the information provided herein.
Dedication
This book is dedicated to the students and house-staff whose interest and commitment to learning plastic surgery inspired us to create a practical guide to help them along the way.
Z.B.K. and M.S.
Contents
|
Foreword ...................................................................... |
xix |
|
Preface ......................................................................... |
xxi |
Section I: General Principles |
|
|
1. |
Wound Healing and Principles of Wound Care .............. |
1 |
|
Leonard Lu and Robert D. Galiano |
|
2. |
Basic Concepts in Wound Repair.................................... |
4 |
|
Zol B. Kryger and Michael A. Howard |
|
3. |
Dressings ...................................................................... |
12 |
|
Anandev Gurjala and Michael A. Howard |
|
4. |
Pharmacologic Wound Care ......................................... |
20 |
|
Peter Kim and Thomas A. Mustoe |
|
5. |
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy ............................... |
24 |
|
Peter Kim and Gregory A. Dumanian |
|
6. |
Leeches ......................................................................... |
27 |
|
Mark Sisco |
|
7. |
Local Anesthetics .......................................................... |
29 |
|
Zol B. Kryger and Ted Yagmour |
|
8. |
Basic Anesthetic Blocks ................................................ |
33 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
9. |
Surgery under Conscious Sedation ............................... |
38 |
|
Zol B. Kryger and Neil A. Fine |
|
10. |
Principles of Reconstructive Surgery ............................ |
43 |
|
Constance M. Chen and Robert J. Allen |
|
11. |
Principles of Surgical Flaps........................................... |
49 |
|
Constance M. Chen and Babak J. Mehrara |
|
12. |
Microvascular Surgical Technique and Methods |
|
|
of Flap Monitoring ....................................................... |
56 |
|
Sean Boutros and Robert D. Galiano |
|
13. |
Tissue Expansion .......................................................... |
61 |
|
Zol B. Kryger and Bruce S. Bauer |
|
14. |
Alloplastic Materials ..................................................... |
65 |
Jason H. Ko and Julius Few
Section II: The Problematic Wound |
|
|
15. |
The Chronic Infected Wound and Surgical |
|
|
Site Infections ............................................................... |
71 |
|
Kevin J. Cross and Philip S. Barie |
|
16. |
Diabetic Wounds .......................................................... |
80 |
|
Roberto L. Flores and Michael S. Margiotta |
|
17. |
Wounds Due to Vascular Causes ................................... |
87 |
|
Kevin J. Cross and Robert T. Grant |
|
18. |
Radiated Wound and Radiation-Induced |
|
|
Enteric Fistulae ............................................................. |
95 |
|
Russell R. Reid and Gregory A. Dumanian |
|
19. |
Pressure Ulcers ............................................................ |
100 |
|
Zol B. Kryger and Victor L. Lewis |
|
20. |
Infected and Exposed Vascular Grafts ......................... |
111 |
|
Mark Sisco and Gregory A. Dumanian |
|
21. |
Management of Exposed and Infected |
|
|
Orthopedic Prostheses ................................................ |
114 |
|
Mark Sisco and Michael A. Howard |
|
Section III: Integument |
|
|
22. |
Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids ................................. |
117 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
23. |
Benign Skin Lesions ................................................... |
121 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
24. |
Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinoma .................. |
126 |
|
Darrin M. Hubert and Benjamin Chang |
|
25. |
Melanoma ................................................................... |
131 |
|
Gil S. Kryger and David Bentrem |
|
26. |
Vascular Anomalies ..................................................... |
138 |
|
Robert D. Galiano and Geoffrey C. Gurtner |
|
27. |
Skin Grafting and Skin Substitutes ............................. |
145 |
|
Constance M. Chen and Jana Cole |
|
28. |
Burns: Initial Management and Resuscitation ............ |
154 |
Baubak Safa
Section IV: Head and Neck |
|
|
29. |
Head and Neck Cancer ............................................... |
163 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
30. |
Ear Reconstruction ..................................................... |
168 |
|
Amir H. Taghinia, Theodore C. Marentis, Ankit I. Mehta, |
|
|
Paul Gigante and Bernard T. Lee |
|
31. |
Eyelid Reconstruction ................................................. |
178 |
|
Amir H. Taghinia and Bernard T. Lee |
|
32. |
Nasal Reconstruction .................................................. |
188 |
|
Clark F. Schierle and Victor L. Lewis |
|
33. |
Lip Reconstruction ..................................................... |
193 |
|
Amir H. Taghinia, Edgar S. Macias, Dzifa S. Kpodzo |
|
|
and Bohdan Pomahac |
|
34. |
Mandible Reconstruction ........................................... |
211 |
|
Patrick Cole, Jeffrey A. Hammoudeh and Arnulf Baumann |
|
35. |
The Facial Nerve and Facial Reanimation ................... |
216 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
36. |
Frontal Sinus Fractures ............................................... |
225 |
|
Joseph Raviv and Daniel Danahey |
|
37. |
Orbital Fractures......................................................... |
231 |
|
John Nigriny |
|
38. |
Fractures of the Zygoma and Maxilla .......................... |
237 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
39. |
Nasal and NOE Fractures ........................................... |
243 |
|
Clark F. Schierle and Victor L Lewis |
|
40. |
Mandible Fractures ..................................................... |
248 |
|
Jeffrey A. Hammoudeh, Nirm Nathan and Seth Thaller |
|
Section V: Trunk and Lower Extremity |
|
|
41. |
Breast Disease and Its Implications |
|
|
for Reconstruction ...................................................... |
258 |
|
Kristina D. Kotseos and Neil A. Fine |
|
42. |
TRAM Flap Breast Reconstruction ............................. |
263 |
Amir H. Taghinia, Margaret L. McNairy and Bohdan Pomahac
43. |
Latissimus Flap Breast Reconstruction ....................... |
274 |
|
Roberto L. Flores and Jamie P. Levine |
|
44. |
Tissue Expander Breast Reconstruction ...................... |
278 |
|
Timothy W. King and Jamie P. Levine |
|
45. |
Nipple Reconstruction and Tattooing ......................... |
283 |
|
Kristina D. Kotseos and Neil A. Fine |
|
46. |
Reduction Mammaplasty ............................................ |
288 |
|
Timothy W. King and Jamie P. Levine |
|
47. |
Sternal Wounds ........................................................... |
294 |
|
Jonathan L. Le and William Y. Hoffman |
|
48. |
Chest Wall Defects ...................................................... |
299 |
|
Jason Pomerantz and William Hoffman |
|
49. |
Coverage of Spinal Wounds ........................................ |
304 |
|
Jason Pomerantz and William Hoffman |
|
50. |
Abdominal Wall Defects ............................................. |
309 |
|
Mark Sisco and Gregory A. Dumanian |
|
51. |
Pelvic, Genital and Perineal Reconstruction ............... |
314 |
|
Mark Sisco and Gregory A. Dumanian |
|
52. |
Lower Extremity Reconstruction ................................ |
318 |
|
Mark Sisco and Michael A. Howard |
|
Section VI: Craniofacial Surgery |
|
|
53. |
Basic Dental Concepts ................................................ |
324 |
|
Mark Sisco and Jeffrey A. Hammoudeh |
|
54. |
Cephalometrics ........................................................... |
327 |
|
Matthew Jacobsen and Jeffrey A. Hammoudeh |
|
55. |
Craniofacial Syndromes and Craniosynostosis ........... |
334 |
|
Zol B. Kryger and Pravin K. Patel |
|
56. |
Craniofacial Microsomia ............................................ |
340 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
57. |
Microtia Repair .......................................................... |
343 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
58. |
Cleft Lip ..................................................................... |
348 |
|
Alex Margulis |
|
59. |
Cleft Palate ................................................................. |
356 |
Alex Margulis
Section VII: Aesthetic Surgery |
|
|
60. |
Rhytidectomy ............................................................. |
368 |
|
Stephen M. Warren and James W. May, Jr. |
|
61. |
Browlift....................................................................... |
377 |
|
Clark F. Schierle and John Y.S. Kim |
|
62. |
Otoplasty .................................................................... |
382 |
|
Clark F. Schierle and Victor L. Lewis |
|
63. |
Blepharoplasty ............................................................ |
386 |
|
Robert T. Lancaster, Stephen M. Warren and Elof Eriksson |
|
64. |
Rhinoplasty ................................................................ |
394 |
|
Ziv M. Peled, Stephen M. Warren and Michael J. Yaremchu |
|
65. |
Genioplasty, Chin and Malar Augmentation .............. |
400 |
|
Jeffrey A. Hammoudeh, Christopher Low and Arnulf Baumann |
|
66. |
Augmentation Mammaplasty ...................................... |
406 |
|
Richard J. Brown and John Y.S. Kim |
|
67. |
Gynecomastia Reduction ............................................ |
413 |
|
Richard J. Brown and John Y.S. Kim |
|
68. |
Mastopexy .................................................................. |
417 |
|
Richard J. Brown and John Y.S. Kim |
|
69. |
Abdominoplasty ......................................................... |
423 |
|
Amir H. Taghinia and Bohdan Pomahac |
|
70. |
Liposuction ................................................................. |
430 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
71. |
Laser Resurfacing ....................................................... |
433 |
|
Keren Horn and Jerome Garden |
|
72. |
Chemical Rejuvenation of the Face ............................. |
440 |
|
Keren Horn and David Wrone |
|
73. |
Fat Injection and Injectable Fillers ............................. |
446 |
|
Darrin M. Hubert and Louis P. Bucky |
|
74. |
Cosmetic Uses of Botulinum Toxin ............................ |
451 |
|
Leonard Lu and Julius Few |
|
75. |
Dermabrasion ............................................................. |
454 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
76. |
Hair Restoration ......................................................... |
458 |
Anandev Gurjala
Section VIII: The Hand and Upper Extremity
77. |
Anatomy of the Hand ................................................. |
462 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
78. |
Radiographic Findings ............................................... |
468 |
|
Zol B. Kryger and Avanti Ambekar |
|
79. |
Examination of the Hand and Wrist ........................... |
476 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
80. |
Soft Tissue Infections .................................................. |
481 |
|
Zol B. Kryger and Hongshik Han |
|
81. |
Compartment Syndrome of the Upper Extremity ....... |
486 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
82. |
Replantation ............................................................... |
492 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
83. |
Fractures of the Distal Radius and Ulna ..................... |
497 |
|
Craig Birgfeld and Benjamin Chang |
|
84. |
Wrist Fractures ............................................................ |
502 |
|
Gil Kryger |
|
85. |
Finger and Metacarpal Fratures .................................. |
512 |
|
Oliver Kloeters and John Y.S. Kim |
|
86. |
Brachial Plexus Injuries .............................................. |
518 |
|
Mark Sisco and John Y.S. Kim |
|
87. |
Nerve Injuries ............................................................. |
523 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
88. |
Vascular Trauma ......................................................... |
529 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
89. |
Extensor Tendon Injuries ............................................ |
533 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
90. |
Flexor Tendon Injuries ................................................ |
539 |
|
Zol B. Kryger |
|
91. |
Injuries of the Finger .................................................. |
547 |
|
Millicent Odunze and Gregory A. Dumanian |
|
92. |
Soft Tissue Coverage ................................................... |
561 |
|
Hongshik Han |
|
93. |
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ............................................ |
566 |
David S. Rosenberg and Gregory A. Dumanian