Unit 3 Part 2

1. Read and translate the following text

Search and rescue transponder (sart)

Two SARTs are required on cargo ships 500 GRT and over and on all passenger ships. One SART is required on cargo ships between 300 and 500 GRT. SARTs are to be located on each side of the ship in a position ready to be taken to survival craft. SARTs operate similar to RACON beacons in the 9 GHz band. And respond to X-band (9 GHz) radar signals. The response is visible as a series of twelve dots on X-band radar screens. The dots are displayed along a line of bearing with the dot closest to the center of the radar indicating the position of the SART. As the ship gets closer to the SART, the pattern of dots widens until when almost on the top of the SART the pattern becomes a full circle around the ship.

SARTs are manually activated. When activated, a visual and audible alarm is given when the SART is responding to a radar signal. When this alarm is given, it is advisable to immediately use survival craft’s portable VHF radio and establish contact on Channel 16.

Although designed to operate in the water, to be effective, SARTS should be mounted as high as possible on a lifeboat or life raft. A mast or mounting device is provided for this purpose. If possible the SART should be mounted at least 3 feet (1 meter) above the water.

It has been found that SARTs are not achieving the expected minimum range of 5 nautical miles based on a radar antenna at a height of 33 feet (15 meters). Search aircraft equipped with X-band compatible radars have had better success than ships at detecting SART signals, however, much depends on sea conditions and the motion or action of the SART. All this makes the requirement for posting good lookouts when searching for survivors very important.

The operating life of a SART battery shall be at least 96 hours in standby (listening) mode followed by 8 hours in transponder (reply) mode. Battery life is typically five years. Antennas are omni-directional, horizontally polarized with a vertical beam width of no less than 25 degrees to compensate for the action of the SART floating in the sea.

Words to be remembered

SearchandRescueTransponder(SART) – Приемоответчик для целей поиска и спасания

Racon–радиолокационный маяк

Band–– полоса частот; диапазон

Activate,v– активизировать; приводить в действие, включать

Visualalarm– визуальный сигнал тревоги

Audiblealarm– звуковой аварийный сигнал

Portableradio–– портативная радиостанция, рация

Mount,v–– монтировать, устанавливать

Lifeboat– спасательная шлюпка

Liferaft– спасательный плот

Compatible– совместимый, сочетаемый (with)

Lookout– наблюдение, впередсмотрящий

Survivor– оставшийся в живых, уцелевший

Omni-directional antenna – всенаправленная антенна

Beamwidth–раствор (ширина) луча (локатора), ширина (главного лепестка) диаграммы направленности (антенны)

2. Make 10 questions for the above text

III. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English

1. Вызов бедствия ЦИВ передается на канале 70 в УКВ диапазоне.

2. При выборе частоты бедствия ЦИВ в КВ диапазоне следует учитывать условия распространения радиоволн.

3. Подача сигнала бедствия ЦИВ делается с указанием характера бедствия, координат, времени UTCи последующего вида связи.

4. Обычно вызов бедствия с помощью ЦИВ подтверждается только береговой станцией.

5. После получения подтверждения сигнала бедствия ЦИВ, судно, терпящее бедствие, передает сообщение о бедствии на соответствующей рабочей частоте бедствия и безопасности.

4. Translate the following sentences from English into Russian

   1. The L-band satellite EPIRB provides for rapid distress alerting, coverage up to + 70º latitude, 20 simultaneous alerts within a 10 minute time and frame and the possibility of manual or automatic entry and update of navigational data to the satellite EPIRB.

   2. The satellite EPIRB can be activated either automatically, by floating free from the sinking ship, or manually.

   3. After activation, the satellite EPIRB transmits the distress message containing the ship station identity, position information and additional information, which could be used to facilitate rescue.

   4. SART is the main means in the GMDSS for locating ships in distress or their survival craft.

   5. The SART operates in the 9 GHz frequency band and generates a series of response signals on being interrogated by any ordinary 9 GHz ship-borne radar or suitable airborne radar.

   6. SARTs can be either portable for use onboard ship or carrying to survival craft, permanently installed on the ship and in the survival craft to operate in a float-free position.

   7. SARTs may also be incorporated into a float-free satellite EPIRB.

   8. The SART can be activated manually or automatically when placed into the water so that it will thereafter respond when interrogated.

   9. The SART also provides a visual or audible indication of its correct operation and will also inform survivors when it is interrogated by radar.

   10. A SART built to the latest specifications will have excellent receiver sensitivity and will detect the high power pulses from a search radar at a much greater range.

UNIT 4

1. Read and translate the following text