Intrinsic scilab Functions
SCILAB provides a large number of standard elementary mathematical functions, including abs, sqrt, exp, and sin. Taking the square root or logarithm of a negative number is not an error; the appropriate complex result is produced automatically. SCILAB also provides many more advanced mathematical functions. For a list of the elementary mathematical functions, type >>help elfun
For a list of more advanced mathematical and matrix functions, type
>>help specfun and >>help elmat
Some of the functions, like sqrt and sin, are built in. Built-in functions are part of the SCILAB core so they are very efficient, but the computational details are not readily accessible. There are some differences between built-in functions and other functions. For example, for built-in functions, you cannot see the code. For other functions, you can see the code and even modify it if you want.
Several special functions provide values of useful constants.
|
%pi |
3.14159265... |
|
%eps |
Floating-point
relative precision,
|
|
%inf |
Infinity |
|
%nan |
Not-a-number |
|
%e |
Number e=2.7182818 |
Infinity is generated by dividing a nonzero value by zero, or by evaluating well defined mathematical expressions that overflow, i.e., exceed realmax. Not-a-number is generated by trying to evaluate expressions like 0/0 or Inf-Inf that do not have well defined mathematical values.
The function names are not reserved. It is possible to overwrite any of them with a new variable, such as eps = 1.e-6 and then use that value in subsequent calculations. The original function can be restored with clear eps.
Table 4.1 - SCILAB Functions
|
Function |
Description |
|
sin(x) |
sinus of x ; x in radians |
|
cos(x) |
cosinus of x ; x in radians |
|
tan(x) |
tangent of x ; x in radians |
|
sec(x) |
secant of x ; x in radians |
|
csc(x) |
cosecant of x; x in radians |
|
cot(x) |
cotangent of x ; x in radians |
|
asin(x) |
arc sinus of x |
|
sinh(x) |
hyperbolic sinus of x |
|
asinh(x) |
inverse hyperbolic sinus of x |
|
exp(x) |
exponential
of x
-
|
|
log(x) |
natural
logarithm of x
-
|
|
log10(x) |
base
10 logarithm of x
-
|
|
sqrt(x) |
square
root of x
-
|
|
power(x,a) |
x
to the power of a -
|
|
abs(x) |
absolute
value of x
-
|
|
round(x) |
round x towards nearest integer |
|
floor(x) |
round x towards minus infinity |
|
ceil(x) |
Round x towards infinity |
Examples of Expressions
Here are a few examples, and the resulting values:
-->rho = (1+sqrt(5))/2
rho = 1.6180
-->huge = exp(log(realmax))
huge = 1.7977e+308
-->toobig = pi*huge
toobig = Inf
4.3 Individual Tasks for Laboratory Work
For set function F (a, b, c) in table 4.2:
to set independently value c - a vector of arguments;
to save values of the data in a file;
to clear windows Сommand Window, Command History, Workspase, to load the data from a file, to calculate F(a,b,c), according to the set variant;
resulting values of a vector c and corresponding values of function F(a, b, c) display as vertically located table;
to repeat a conclusion of this table, setting various formats of the data;
to write down protocol of work in script-file. To comment used commands.
Table 4.2 – Variants of the tasks
|
№ |
F(a, b, c) |
a |
b |
|
1 |
|
2456 |
0.00078 |
|
2 |
|
0.02456 |
0.007823 |
|
3 |
|
0.2456 |
0.20078 |
|
4 |
|
0.02456 |
0.007823 |
|
5 |
|
0.12456 |
0.0078 |
|
6 |
|
0.02456 |
0.007823 |
|
7 |
|
0.2456 |
0.20078 |
|
8 |
|
0.02456 |
0.007823 |
|
9 |
|
0.12456 |
0.078 |
|
10 |
|
0.02456 |
0.007823 |
|
11 |
|
0.2456 |
0.20078 |
|
12 |
|
0.02456 |
0.007823 |
|
13 |
|
2456 |
0.00078 |
|
14 |
|
0.02456 |
0.007823 |
|
15 |
|
0.2456 |
0.20078 |
|
16 |
|
0.02456 |
0.007823 |
|
17 |
|
0.12456 |
0.0078 |
|
18 |
|
0.02456 |
0.007823 |
|
19 |
|
0.2556 |
0.50078 |
|
20 |
|
0.02456 |
0.007823 |
