20 Генетика количественных признаков
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. (17)
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21.4.3.
[4, . 235-238].
21.6. .
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––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 14.
. . . . 2- ., ., ., – : , 2011. –134 .
32
, 3-5 7
( . 21.6.) , -
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21.7 - -
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––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 14.
. . . . 2- ., ., ., – : , 2011. –134 .
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xij2 = 2939 |
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= 2939 – 85849 : 30 = 2939 – 2861,6 = 77,4 |
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= 2916 – 85849 : 30 = 2916 – 2861,6 = 54,4 |
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Cy
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2x + 2z = 0,70 + 0,30 = 1,00
)
):
–: v = –1 = 30–1 = 29;
–: v = –1 = 7–1= 6;
–: v = = 29 – 6 = 23.
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 14.
. . . . 2- ., ., ., – : , 2011. –134 .
34
) :
( 2y),
–( 2x)
–( 2z).
, , z, ( . 21.9).
21.9 -
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2) ( 2 ),
. :
–2 ( 2 ,
. 21.9);
–2z . 21.9);
–(n0) [4, .
237].
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=0,17·25,6=4,4 |
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.
) ( 2 ) 21:
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 14.
. . . . 2- ., ., ., – : , 2011. –134 .
35
A2 |
2 z2 |
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(21) |
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2 9,1 1,0
A 1,84 4,4
3)
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, -
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65% .
35% .
21.4.4. -
,
(h2), (rw) -
(rG) -
, -
.
21.5.
, -
,
(R), ( -
).
:
R= |
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– |
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(22) |
, –
, -
, .
( -
).
21.6.
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 14.
. . . . 2- ., ., ., – : , 2011. –134 .
36
( x ) -
( x ), -
:
Sd = |
x |
– |
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|
(23) |
(R) -
(Sd) h 2 -
:
R = h2 Sd |
(24) |
, -
(h2) (Sd), -
R, .
21.7.
(Sd) -
( )
I, :
I = Sd : |
(25) |
« -» – « ».
(25) , Sd = I . -
(24), , . ,
:
R h2 I P |
(26) |
(26) , -
(h2) (I), (R).
-
– , (I)
(R). -
(h2) -
. ( 2) -
( G2) -
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(R).
-
-
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––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 14.
. . . . 2- ., ., ., – : , 2011. –134 .
37
, . ,
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100%, -
. -
-
h2. ,
. IG,
IP,
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I P |
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h2, 1, IG |
= IP. |
h2, |
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IP:100, IG=100%, . , |
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21.10. |
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21.10 - IG IP h2 [2] |
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IP |
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IG h2 |
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(%) |
1,0 |
0,75 |
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0,50 |
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0,25 |
0,10 |
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1 |
1 |
1,33 |
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200 |
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4,0 |
10,0 |
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3 |
3,0 |
4,0 |
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6,0 |
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12,0 |
30,0 |
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5 |
5,0 |
6,66 |
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20,0 |
50,0 |
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10 |
10,0 |
13,33 |
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20,0 |
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40,0 |
100,0 |
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20 |
20,0 |
26,66 |
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40,0 |
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80,0 |
100 h2=0,2 |
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25,0 |
33,3 |
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50,0 |
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100,0 |
h2=0,3 |
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30 |
30,0 |
40,0 |
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60,0 |
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100,0 |
h2=0,40 |
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40,0 |
53,2 |
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50 |
50,0 |
66,7 |
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. 21.10 , -
1-3%
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h2. , ,
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,
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––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 14.
. . . . 2- ., ., ., – : , 2011. –134 .
38
, -
-
, [2].
21.8.
(1943)
(rG) . -
-
« -
». ,
. ,
( , , -
)
( ) -
.
-
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:
1), rxd x m ;
2), ryd y m ;
3), rxd y m ;
4), ryd x m .
r -
, -
:
r |
(28 ) |
rxd ym ryd x m , |
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G |
rxd xm ryd ym |
|
, r
«+» «–», r -
. r -
( «–»), – ( «+»),
:
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 14.
. . . . 2- ., ., ., – : , 2011. –134 .
39
(rxd ym ryd xm ) : 2 |
(29) |
rG |
, |
rxd xm ryd ym |
|
xd, xm d m -
( -
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rG , -
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––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 14.
. . . . 2- ., ., ., – : , 2011. –134 .
40
– (
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––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 14.
. . . . 2- ., ., ., – : , 2011. –134 .