- •Reading drills
- •1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •2. Read the following words. Mind the difference in pronunciation.
- •Comments
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Find equivalents:
- •II. Give the corresponding nouns to the following verbs:
- •Use the correct word in the sentences. Change the form
- •Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs if necessary:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Translate into English:
- •VII. Give the characteristic of Ukraine’s economy today
- •Reading drills
- •1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •Comments
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Give the verbs from which the following nouns are derived:
- •II. Give the Ukrainian equivalents for the following words and
- •III. Match the synonyms:
- •IV. Fill in the blanks below with the most appropriate terms
- •Complete the following sentences:
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •Reading drills
- •1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •2. Name the word-building elements (suffixes, prefixes) and
- •Comments
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Find equivalents:
- •II. Substitute the words in bold type by their synonyms:
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •IV. Say whether these statements are true or false and if they are
- •V. Match each term in Column a with its definition in Column b:
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Match each branch of industry with its production:
- •IX. Give the characteristic of Ukraine’s industry using
- •Reading drills
- •1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •Comments
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Define the parts of speech of the following words:
- •II. Give the Ukrainian equivalents for the following words and
- •Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs if necessary:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the italicized words :
- •V. Memorize the meanings of the word «agriculture» and its derivatives. Translate the sentences paying attention
- •VI. Complete the following sentences:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Translate into English:
- •Communicative situations
- •Grammar exercises The Present Indefinite Tense
- •I. Put the following sentences into the singular:
- •Give short and full answers:
- •Make the following sentences interrogative and negative:
- •IV. Use always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely and never
- •V. Ask questions about the time of the action:
- •VI. Ask questions about the place of the action:
- •VII. Put questions to the italicized words:
- •VIII. Complete the disjunctive questions:
- •IX. Explain the use of the Present Indefinite Tense:
- •X. Tell your friend what you usually do
- •XI. Memorize the following proverbs:
- •XII. Translate into English:
- •XIII. Replace the Infinitives in brackets by the Present Indefinite.
- •The Pronoun: Personal and Possessive
- •XIV. Choose the correct pronouns in italics:
- •Use the absolute form of possessive pronouns instead of
- •XVI. Choose the correct pronouns in italics:
- •XVII. Paraphrase the following sentences:
- •XVIII. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •XIX. Translate into English:
- •Word Order in the Simple Declarative Sentence
- •XX. Decide whether the word order is right or wrong.
- •XXI. Put the parts of a sentence in the correct order:
- •XXII. Arrange the words in the sentences using the correct
- •Exercises for individual work
- •I. Insert the auxiliary verbs:
- •II. Ask questions indicated in brackets:
- •III. Translate the pronouns in brackets into English:
- •IV. Replace the italicized nouns by the personal pronouns:
- •V. Insert possessive pronouns:
VII. Translate into English:
1. Сучасна незалежна Україна має значний потенцiал для швидкого розвитку економiки. 2. Реформи, якi розпочалися в народному господарствi пiсля проголошення незалежностi, спрямовано на створення вiдкритої ефективної економiки ринкового типу. 3. Одним із головних напрямкiв програми економiчних реформ є створення умов для поступової iнтеграцiї України у свiтове господарство. 4. Верховна Рада та уряд України досягли успiху в створеннi правової бази для проведення економiчних реформ. 5. Уряд регулює цiни на енергоносiї, комунальнi послуги, транспорт та деякi iншi товари й послуги. 6. Велика увага придiляється приватизацiї державних пiдприємств.
Reading drills
1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
a) stress the first syllable:
industry, area, current, structure, occupy, heavy, steel, coal, light, job, service, health, care, concentrate, region, mineral, bias, output, yield, mining, ferrous, presently, automobile, locomotive, railway, airplane, lack, harvester, satisfy, integrate, process, standard, innovate, market;
b) stress the second syllable:
proportion, industrial, towards, account, employ, metallurgy, equipment, considerable, deposit, produce, however, accept, progressive, unable, consumer, unwillingness, initiative, techniques, approach.
2. Name the word-building elements (suffixes, prefixes) and
the part of speech of each word:
economy — economic — economical — economically — economics — economist — economize; industry — industrial — industrialist — industrially — industrious — industrialization; satisfy — satisfactory — satisfaction.
Text C
Industry is the most important area of Ukraine’s economy. In the current structure of Ukraine’s industry a great proportion is occupied by heavy industry, especially the steel, machine-building and coal industries. A considerable part is played by the food and light industries. About two-fifth of Ukraine’s people work in industry, and about a fifth work in agriculture. Most other Ukrainians have jobs in such service industries as education and health care.
Many of Ukraine’s heavy industries are concentrated in the Donbas region, the centre of Ukraine’s heavy industry. It has rich mineral deposits and major industrial base with bias towards1 heavy industry. A large industrial output2 is yielded3 by the mining, ferrous metallurgy4, chemical and machine-building industries.
The machine-building is presently the largest branch of industry. It accounts for a third of the national industrial output and employs about a fourth of Ukraine’s workers. Automobiles and buses, locomotives and railway cars, airplanes and ships, tractors and harvesters5, machine tools6 and metallurgical equipment are produced at Ukraine’s plants and factories.
However, today’s industries are unable to satisfy the consumers’ wants7. The reason is that they are not integrated into the world process of economic, technological and scientific progress. The national industries have low standard in processing raw materials8, outdated and worn-out production equipment9, unwillingness to accept progressive techniques and approaches and lack of innovating initiative. These and other problems must be solved in the course of new economic reforms aimed at creating a market economy.