
- •Contents
- •Preface
- •1. Main dimensions and main ratios
- •1.3 Depth, draught and freeboard
- •1.7 The design equation
- •1.8 References
- •2. Lines design
- •2.1 Statement of the problem
- •2.2 Shape of sectional area curve
- •2.3 Bow and forward section forms
- •2.4 Bulbous bow
- •2.5 Stern forms
- •2.6 Conventional propeller arrangement
- •2.7 Problems of design in broad, shallow-draught ships
- •2.8 Propeller clearances
- •2.9 The conventional method of lines design
- •2.10 Lines design using distortion of existing forms
- •2.12 References
- •3. Optimization in design
- •3.1 Introduction to methodology of optimization
- •3.2 Scope of application in ship design
- •3.3 Economic basics for optimization
- •3.4 Discussion of some important parameters
- •3.5 Special cases of optimization
- •3.6 Developments of the 1980s and 1990s
- •3.7 References
- •4. Some unconventional propulsion arrangements
- •4.1 Rudder propeller
- •4.2 Overlapping propellers
- •4.3 Contra-rotating propellers
- •4.4 Controllable-pitch propellers
- •4.5 Kort nozzles
- •4.6 Further devices to improve propulsion
- •4.7 References
- •5. Computation of weights and centres of mass
- •5.1 Steel weight
- •5.3 Weight of engine plant
- •5.4 Weight margin
- •5.5 References
- •6. Ship propulsion
- •6.1 Interaction between ship and propeller
- •6.2 Power prognosis using the admiralty formula
- •6.3 Ship resistance under trial conditions
- •6.4 Additional resistance under service conditions
- •6.5 References
- •Appendix
- •A.1 Stability regulations
- •References
- •Nomenclature
- •Index
Some unconventional propulsion arrangements 147
two spoilers in front or slightly below the WED±hull intersection are usual. Figure 4.28 shows, in principle, the effect of the spoilers. Spoilers used in combination with WED have relatively thick profiles and large hull intersections. As with the WED, they do not require any further stiffeners. More than 180 combinations of WED and spoilers had been reported by 1997.
WED and asymmetric aftbody
This combination has been realized several times (Schneekluth, 1985). In this combination, the duct is placed on one side of the ship, namely the `upper concave' side, i.e. the starboard side for a clockwise turning propeller. Quantification of the expected total improvement of efficiency is difficult: this will have to be determined individually by model tests.
Grim vane wheel, asymmetric aftbody and WED
The combination is possible (Kringel and Nolte 1985; Spruth et al., 1985), however, the high complexity of these combined systems has prevented widespread application.
4.7 References
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BAUR, M. v. (1985). Grim'sches Leitrad seit zwei Jahren an Handelsschiffen im Einsatz. Hansa, p. 1279
BLAUROCK, J. (1990). An appraisal of unconventional aftbody configurations and propulsion devices. Marine Technology 27/6, p. 325
BUSSEMAKER, O. (1969). Schottel-Antriebe. Hansa, p. 149
COLLATZ, G. and LAUDAN, J. (1984). Das asymmetrische Hinterschiff. Jahrbuch Schiffbautechn. Gesellschaft, p. 149
GRIM, O. (1966). Propeller und Leitrad. Jahrbuch Schiffbautechn. Gesellschaft, p. 211
GRIM, O. (1980). Propeller and vane wheel. Journal of Ship Research 24/4, p. 203
GRIM, O. (1982). Propeller und Leitrad auf dem Forschungsschiff `Gauss'. Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen. Jahrbuch Schiffbautechn. Gesellschaft, p. 411
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HENSCHKE, W. (1965). Schiffbautechnisches Handbuch Vol. 1. Verlag Technik, Berlin, p. 562 HORN, F. (1940). Beitrag zur Theorie ummantelter Schiffsschrauben. Jahrbuch Schiffbautechn.
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HORN, F. (1950). Entwurf von Schiffsdusensystemen¨ (Kortdusen)ÐTheoretische¨ Grundlagen und grundsatzlicher¨ Aufbau des Entwurfsverfahrens. Jahrbuch Schiffbautechn. Gesellschaft, p. 141
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KRINGEL, H. and NOLTE, A. (1985). Asymmetrisches Hinterschiff, Zustromd¨use¨ und Leitrad auf den Container-Mehrzweck-Frachtschiffen Arkona und Merkur Island. Hansa, p. 2472
LINDGREN, H., JOHNSON, C. A. and DYNE, G. (1968). Studies of the application of ducted and contrarotating propellers on merchant ships. 7th Symposium of Naval Hydrodynamics, Office of Naval Research, p. 1265
MEYNE, K. J. (1991). 500 Schneekluth-Dusen¨ innerhalb von funf¨ Jahren installiert. Hansa, p. 832 MEYNE, K. and NOLTE, A. (1991). The Grim wheel. Cavitation and tip vortex. Observations and
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148 Ship Design for Efficiency and Economy
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SCHNEEKLUTH, H. (1989). The wake equalizing duct. Yearbook of The Institute of Marine Engineers
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TANAKA, M., FUJINO, R. and IMASHIMIZU, Y. (1990). Improved Grim vane wheel system applied to a new generation VLCC. Schiff C Hafen 10, p. 146
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