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steel.

2.3.2.1 - The Ores

•The ores come in a number of forms,

-taconite -

-hermatite - iron oxide mineral

-limonite - iron oxide and water

•The ores are crushed to ease handling, and speed melting.

•After crushing, iron rich ore can be separated using magnets.

•the resulting ore is formed into pellets of about 65% iron.

2.3.2.2 - Coke

•The classic recipe for Coke begins with bituminous coal. It is then heated to 2100°F and then cooled with water.

•Coke will

-generate higher level of heat during steel making

-generate carbon monoxide which reacts with oxygen in iron oxide and leaves iron

2.3.2.3 - Flux, Slag

•Some materials are used as a flux, and to create slag,

-limestone

-dolomite

•By adding a flux material, it will react with impurities, causing them to flow.

•After the flux dissolves the impurities, it reacts with them to form a solid called slag. This floats to the top of the melt, where it is removed.

2.3.3 The Blast Furnace - How To Make Pig Iron