Table 5.12 Ternary Azeotropic Mixtures

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	PHYSICAL	PROPERTIES				5.77
TABLE 5.12 Ternary Azeotropic Mixtures

A.	Ternary azeotropes containing water and alcohols

					Composition, wt %
	BP of
	BP of
	azeotrope,						Other
System	C		Water		Alcohol		component

		Methanol

Chloroform	52.3		1.3		8.2		90.5
2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene	30.2		0.6		5.4		94.0
Methyl chloroacetate	67.9	6.3		81.2			13.5

		Ethanol

Acetonitrile	72.9		1		55		44
Acrylonitrile	69.5		8.7		20.3		71.0
Benzene	64.9		7.4		18.5		74.1
Butylamine	81.8		7.5		42.5		50.0
Butyl methyl ether	62		6.3		8.6		85.1
Carbon disulﬁde	41.3		1.6		5.0		93.4
Carbon tetrachloride	62		4.5		10.0		85.5
Chloroform	55.3		2.3		3.5		94.2
Crotonaldehyde	78.0		4.8		87.9		7.3
Cyclohexane	62.6		4.8		19.7		75.5
1,2-Dichloroethane	66.7		5		17		78
1,1-Diethoxyethane	77.8	11.4			27.6		61.0
Diethoxymethane	73.2	12.1			18.4		69.5
Ethyl acetate	70.2	9.0			8.4		82.6
Heptane	68.8	6.1			33.0		60.9
Hexane	56.0	3			12		85
Toluene	74.4	12			37		51
Trichloroethylene	67.0	5.5			16.1		78.4
Triethylamine	74.7	9			13		78

		1-Propanol

Benzene	67		7.6		10.1		82.3
Carbon tetrachloride	65.4		5		11		84
Cyclohexane	66.6		8.5		10.0		81.5
1,1-Dipropoxyethane	87.6	27.4		51.6			21.0
Dipropoxymethane	86.4	8.0		44.8			47.2
Dipropyl ether	74.8	11.7		20.2			68.1
3-Pentanone	81.2	20		20			60
Propyl acetate	82.5	17.0		10.0			73.0
Propyl formate	70.8	13		5			82
Tetrachloroethylene	81.2	12.5		20.7			66.8

		2-Propanol

Benzene	66.5		7.5		18.7		73.8
Butylamine	83		12.5		40.5		47.0

5.78			SECTION 5
TABLE 5.12	Ternary Azeotropic Mixtures (		Continued	)

							Composition, wt %
		BP of
		BP of
		azeotrope,						Other
System		C			Water		Alcohol	component

			2-Propanol (		continued	)

Cyclohexane		64.3			7.5		18.5	74.0
Toluene		76.3			13.1		38.2	48.7
Trichloroethylene		69.4			7		20	73

			1-Butanol

Butyl acetate		89.4			37.3		27.4	35.3
Butyl formate		83.6			21.3		10.0	68.7
Dibutyl ether		90.6			29.9		34.6	35.5
Heptane		78.1			41.4		7.6	51.0
Hexane		61.5			19.2		2.9	77.9
Nonane		90.0			69.9		18.3	11.8
Octane		86.1			60.0		14.6	25.4

			2-Butanol

Carbon tetrachloride		65			4.05		4.95	91.00
Cyclohexane		69.7			8.9		10.8	80.3
Isooctane		76.3			9		19	72

			2-Methyl-1-propanol

Isobutyl acetate		86.8			30.4		23.1	46.5
Isobutyl formate		80.2			17.3		6.7	76.0
Toluene		81.3			17.9		16.4	65.7

			2-Methyl-2-propanol

Benzene		67.3			8.1		21.4	70.5
Carbon tetrachloride		64.7			3.1		11.9	85.0
Cyclohexane		65.0			8		21	71

			3-Methyl-1-butanol

Isopentyl acetate		93.6			44.8		31.2	24.0
Isopentyl formate		89.8			32.4		19.6	48.0

			Allyl	alcohol

Benzene		68.2			8.6		9.2	82.2
Carbon tetrachloride		65.2			5		11	84
Cyclohexane		66.2			8		11	81
Hexane		59.7			8.5		5.1	86.4

TABLE 5.12 Ternary Azeotropic Mixtures (		Continued	)

			B. Other ternary azeotropes

	BP of		Composition,		BP of		Composition,
System	azeotrope,	C	wt %	System	azeotrope,	C	wt %

Water	32.5		0.4	Water	71.4		7.9
Acetone			7.6	Nitromethane			29.7
2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene			92.0	Heptane			62.4
Water	66		8.2	Water	80.7		17.4
Acetonitrile			23.3	Nitromethane			58.3
Benzene			68.5	Nonane			24.3
Water	67		6.4	Water	77.4		12.4
Acetonitrile			20.5	Nitromethane			44.3
Trichloroethylene			73.1	Octane			43.3
Water	68.6		3.5	Water	33.1		2.1
Acetonitrile			9.6	Nitromethane			6.5
Triethylamine			86.9	Pentane			91.4
Water	63.6		5	Water	82.8		20.6
2-Butanone			35	Nitromethane			73.3
Cyclohexane			60	Undecane			6.1
Water	55.0		4	Water	93.5		40.5
Butyraldehyde			21	Pyridine			54.5
Hexane			75	Dodecane			5.0
Water	107.6		21.3	Water	93.1		38.5
Formic acid			76.3	Pyridine			51.0
Isopentanoic acid			2.4	Undecane			10.5
Water	107.0		15.5	Water	92.3		35.5
Formic acid			66.8	Pyridine			45.5
Isobutyric acid			17.7	Decane			19.0
79.5

	TABLE 5.12 Ternary Azeotropic Mixtures (		Continued	)

		BP of		Composition,		BP of		Composition,
	System	azeotrope,	C	wt %	System	azeotrope,	C	wt %

	Water	107.6		19.5	Water	90.5		30.5
	Formic acid			75.9	Pyridine			37.0
	Butyric acid			4.6	Nonane			32.5
	Water	107.2		18.6	Water	86.7		22.4
	Formic acid			71.9	Pyridine			25.5
	Propionic acid			9.5	Octane			52.0
	Water	105		11.0	Water	78.6		14.0
	Hydrogen bromide			10.4	Pyridine			15.5
	Chlorobenzene			78.6	Heptane			70.5
	Water	96.9		20.2	Acetic acid	134.4		23
	Hydrogen chloride			5.3	Pyridine			55
	Chlorobenzene			74.5	Acetic anhydride			22
	Water	107.3		64.8	Acetic acid	134.1		31.4
	Hydrogen chloride			15.8	Pyridine			38.2
	Phenol			19.4	Decane			30.4
	Water	116.1		54	Acetic acid	129.1		13.5
	Hydrogen ﬂuoride			10	Pyridine			25.2
	Fluorosilic acid			36	Ethylbenzene			61.3
	Water	75.1		11.5	Acetic acid	98.5		3.4
	Nitroethane			75.1	Pyridine			10.6
	Heptane			64.0	Heptane			86.0
	Water	59.5		8.4	Acetic acid	128.0		20.7
	Nitroethane			9.3	Pyridine			29.4
	Hexane			82.3	Nonane			49.9
	Water	82.4		19.1	Acetic acid	115.7		10.4
	Nitromethane			68.1	Pyridine			20.1
	Decane			12.8	Octane			69.5
80.5

	TABLE 5.12		Ternary Azeotropic Mixtures (		Continued	)

				BP of		Composition,			BP of		Composition,
		System		azeotrope,	C	wt %		System	azeotrope,	C	wt %

	Water			83.1		21.5		Acetic acid	132.2		17.7
	Nitromethane					75.3		Pyridine			30.5
	Dodecane					3.2		o -Xylene			51.8
	Acetic	acid		129.2		10.2		Methanol	47.4		14.6
	Pyridine					22.5		Methyl acetate			36.8
	p -Xylene					67.3		Hexane			48.6
	Acetic	acid		163.0		75.0		Ethanol	63.2		10.4
	2,6-Dimethylpyridine					13.8	Acetone				24.3
	Undecane					11.2		Chloroform			65.3
	Acetic	acid		147.0		12.6	Ethanol		70.1		8
	2,6-Dimethylpyridine					74.3	Acetonitrile				34
	Decane					13.1		Triethylamine			58
	Acetic	acid		141.3		19.9	Ethanol		64.7		29.6
	2-Methylpyridine					46.8	Benzene				12.8
	Decane					33.3		Cyclohexane			57.6
	Acetic	acid		135.0		12.8	Ethanol		57.3		9.5
	2-Methylpyridine					38.4	Chloroform				56.1
	Nonane					48.8		Hexane			34.4
	Acetic	acid		121.3		3.6	1-Propanol		73.8		15.5
	2-Methylpyridine					24.8	Benzene				30.4
	Octane					71.6		Cyclohexane			54.2
	Acetic	acid		77.2		7.6		2-Propanol	69.1		31.1
	Benzene					34.4		Benzene			15.0
	Cyclohexane					58.0		Cyclohexane			53.9
	Acetic	acid		132		15		1-Butanol	77.4		4
	2-Methyl-1-butanol					54	Benzene				48
	Isopentyl acetate					31		Cyclohexane			48
	Propionic acid			149.3		29.5	1-Butanol		108.7		11.9
	2-Methylpyridine					32.0	Pyridine				20.7
	Decane					38.5		Toluene			76.4
81.5

TABLE 5.12	Ternary Azeotropic Mixtures (	Continued	)

		BP of	Composition,		BP of	Composition,
System	azeotrope, C		wt %	System	azeotrope, C	wt %

Propionic acid	140.1		16.5	1,2-Ethanediol	185.0	8.7
2-Methylpyridine			21.5	Phenol		74.6
Nonane			42.0	2,6-Dimethylpyridine		16.7
Propionic acid	123.7		4.5	1,2-Ethanediol	185.1	5.9
2-Methylpyridine			10.5	Phenol		79.1
Octane			85.0	2-Methylpyridine		15.0
Propionic acid	153.4		43.0	1,2,-Ethanediol	186.4	15.9
2-Methylpyridine			40.0	Phenol		67.7
Undecane			17.0	3-Methylpyridine		16.4
Propionic acid	147.1		55.5	1,2-Ethanediol	188.6	29.5
Pyridine			26.4	Phenol		54.8
Undecane			18.1	2,4,6-Trimethylpyridine		15.7
Methanol	57.5		23	Acetone	60.8	3.6
Acetone			30	Chloroform		68.8
Chloroform			47	Hexane		27.6
Methanol	47		14.6	Acetone	49.7	51.1
Acetone			30.8	Methyl acetate		5.6
Hexane			59.6	Hexane		43.3
Methanol	53.7		17.4	Chloroform	62.0	79.7
Acetone			5.8	Ethyl formate		5.3
Methyl acetate			76.8	2-Bromopropane		15.7
Methanol	50.8		17.8	1,4-Dioxane	101.8	44.3
Methyl acetate			48.6	2-Methyl-1-propanol		26.7
Cyclohexane			33.6	Toluene		29.0

82.5

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TABLE 5.12 Ternary Azeotropic Mixtures