
- •Infrastructure From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- •[Edit] Rural infrastructure
- •Cip Overview
- •[Edit] Purpose
- •[Edit] Infrastructure Sectors
- •[Edit] The Importance of cip
- •[Edit] cip Organization and Structure
- •[Edit] Developing the niap
- •[Edit] dod Responsibilities for cip
- •[Edit] Sectors
- •[Edit] dod Special Functions
- •[Edit] dod cip Lifecycle
- •Ship From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- •[Edit] Measuring ships
- •[Edit] Propulsion [edit] Pre-mechanisation
- •[Edit] Reciprocating Steam Engines
- •[Edit] Steam Turbines
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- •[Edit] General terminology
[Edit] dod cip Lifecycle
As mandated by PDD 63, the DoD must protect its portion of the federal government's critical infrastructure. For DoD, this is the Defense Infrastructure or DI. Protecting the Defense Infrastructure is a complex task involving ten defense sectors.
It was deemed that it was nearly impossible to protect every critical asset at every location, therefore the focus was directed on protecting the critical Defense Infrastructure. The critical Defense Infrastructure is comprised of the critical assets essential to providing mission assurance.
Ship From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For other uses, see Ship (disambiguation).
Italian Full rigged ship Amerigo Vespucci in New York Harbor, 1976
A ship is a large watercraft capable of deep water navigation.
A ship usually has sufficient size to carry its own boats, such as lifeboats, dinghies, or runabouts. A rule of thumb saying (though it does not always apply) goes: "a boat can fit on a ship, but a ship can't fit on a boat". Consequently submarines are referred to as "boats", because early submarines were small enough to be carried aboard a ship in transit to distant waters. Another type of large vessel which is traditionally called a boat is the Great Lakes freighter. Often local law and regulation will define the exact size (or the number of masts) which a boat requires to become a ship (cf. vessel).
During the age of sail, ship signified a ship-rigged vessel, that is, one with three or more masts, usually three, all square-rigged. Such a vessel would normally have one fore and aft sail on her aftermost mast which was usually the mizzen. Almost invariably she would also have a bowsprit but this was not part of the definition.
Nautical means related to sailors, particularly customs and practices at sea. Naval is the adjective pertaining to ships, though in common usage it has come to be more particularly associated with the noun 'navy'.
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[Edit] Measuring ships
One can measure ships in terms of overall length, length of the waterline, beam (breadth), depth (distance between the crown of the weather deck and the top of the keelson), draft (distance between the highest waterline and the bottom of the ship) and tonnage. A number of different tonnage definitions exist and are used when disturbing merchant ships for the purpose of tolls, taxation, etc.
In Britain until the Samuel Plimsoll Merchant Shipping Act of 1876, ship-owners could load their vessels until their decks were almost awash, resulting in a dangerously unstable condition. Additionally, anyone who signed onto such a ship for a voyage and, upon realizing the danger, chose to leave the ship, could end up in gaol.
Samuel Plimsoll, a member of Parliament, realised the problem and engaged some engineers to derive a fairly simple formula to determine the position of a line on the side of any specific ship's hull which, when it reached the surface of the water during loading of cargo, meant the ship had reached its maximum safe loading level. To this day, that mark, called the "Plimsoll Mark", exists on ships' sides, and consists of a circle with a horizontal line through the centre. Because different types of water, (summer, fresh, tropical fresh, winter north Atlantic) have different densities, subsequent regulations required painting a group of lines forward of the Plimsoll mark to indicate the safe depth (or freeboard above the surface) to which a specific ship could load in water of various densities. Hence the "ladder" of lines seen forward of the Plimsoll mark to this day. Or what we call for "freeboard mark" in the marine industry.