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Ɇɢɯɚɢɥ ɒɨɣɮɟɬ

Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɟ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɨ ɤɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɦ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɳɢɦɫɹ ɜ

ɩɨɜɫɟɞɧɟɜɧɨɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɧɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɞɢɯɨɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɥɭɲɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ

ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɧɵ ɧɚɹɜɭ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɧɟɨɞɢɫɫɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬ

ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɵɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɟɧɨɦɟɧɨɜ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɟɞɤɢɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ

ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦɟ

ɗɫɬɚɮɟɬɭ ɭ ɏɢɥɝɚɪɞɚ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ ɩɪɢɧɹɥ Ⱦɠ Ʉɢɯɟɫɬɪɨɦ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɢɡɦɚ ɗɬɚ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɧɚ ɫɦɟɧɭ ɛɢɯɟɜɢɨɪɢɡɦɭ ɍɨɬɫɨɧɚ ɩɵɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɧɟɪɜɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɤɚɤ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɝɢɩɧɨɡ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɜɢɞɨɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɭɩɨɞɨɛɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɨɛɦɚɧɭ ɝɚɥɥɸɰɢɧɚɰɢɹɦ ɢ ɪɹɞɭ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ .LKHVWURP ɪ ȿɫɥɢ ɤɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɢɡɦ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɦɟɠɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɟ ɢ ɚɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɝɢɩɧɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɬɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹɯ ɞɟɥɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɚɤɰɟɧɬ ɢ ɧɚɞɟɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɷɬɨɦ ɡɨɥɨɬɨɦ ɩɭɬɢ ɞɨɛɢɬɶɫɹ ɭɫɩɟɯɨɜ Ƚɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦ ɤɚɬɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ

Ʉɥɚɫɫɢɤ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ȼɟɪɬɝɟɣɦɟɪ ɜ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɤɧɢɝɟ ©ɉɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɟª

ɩɵɬɚɥɫɹ ɞɚɬɶ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɯ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɨ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɧɟ ɫɦɨɝ

ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɷɬɨɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɋɩɨɫɨɛɵ ©ɪɚɫɤɪɟɩɨɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɢɥª ɜɨɥɧɭɸɬ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ

ɍɱɟɧɵɟ ɢɡɨɛɪɟɬɚɬɟɥɢ ɢ ɩɢɫɚɬɟɥɢ ɩɪɢɞɭɦɵɜɚɥɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɟɦɵ ɢ ɪɢɬɭɚɥɵ ɞɥɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟ

ȼɟɪɬɝɟɣɦɟɪ Ɇɚɤɫ Ɋɨɞ ɜ ɝ ɜ ɉɪɚɝɟ Ⱥɜɫɬɪɢɹ ɫɤɨɧɱ ɜ ɝ ɜ ɇɶɸ Ɋɨɲɟɥɶ ɇɶɸ

Ƀɨɪɤ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝ ɫɱɢɬɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɤɨɦ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ

ɝɟɲɬɚɥɶɬɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ

ɇɟɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɵɟ ɬɚɣɧɵ ɝɢɩɧɨɡɚ

ɢɢɹ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ȼɟɥɢɤɢɣ Ȼɚɥɶɡɚɤ ɫɚɞɹɫɶ ɡɚ

ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɧɚɞɟɜɚɥ ɯɚɥɚɬ ɫɬɚɜɢɥ ɛɨɫɵɟ ɧɨɝɢ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɥ ɩɥɨɬɧɨ ɡɚɧɚɜɟɲɢɜɚɥ ɨɤɧɚ ɢ

ɡɚɠɢɝɚɥ ɫɜɟɱɢ Ɏɥɨɛɟɪ ɞɟɪɠɚɥ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɷɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɞɨɯɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɝɧɢɥɵɟ ɹɛɥɨɤɢ ɜ ɹɳɢɤɟ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɨɥɚ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɨɧ ɫɬɚɜɢɥ ɧɨɝɢ ɜ ɬɚɡ ɫ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɚ ɒɢɥɥɟɪ ɫ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ Ɋɭɫɫɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɫɜɨɣ ɦɨɡɝ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɟɟ ɫɬɨɹɥ ɧɚ ɫɨɥɧɰɟɩɟɤɟ ɉɚɫɬɟɪɧɚɤ ɩɨɞɨɥɝɭ ɞɟɪɠɚɥ ɝɨɥɨɜɭ ɩɨɞ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɟɣ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ Ȼɨɫɫɸɷ ɠɟ ɫɢɞɟɥ ɜ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ ɡɚɤɭɬɚɜ ɝɨɥɨɜɭ ɦɟɯɨɦ ɨ Ʌɟɣɛɧɢɰɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɢ ɱɬɨ ɨɧ ɦɵɫɥɢɥ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ Ɇɢɥɶɬɨɧ ɫɨɱɢɧɹɥ ɡɚɩɪɨɤɢɧɭɜ ɝɨɥɨɜɭ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɭɲɤɭ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɲɤɨɥ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɢ ɪɚɡɝɚɞɚɬɶ ɫɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɟ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢɦɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɡɚɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɚ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ©ɦɨɡɝɨɜɨɣ ɛɭɪɢª ɢ ɬ ɞ ɤɚɠɞɚɹ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɦɭ ɡɚɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɚɤ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɚɱɟ ɪɨɥɶ ɜɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ Ⱥ ɱɬɨ ɠɟ ɝɢɩ ɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦ ɤɚɤɨɟ ɨɧ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɭ" Ʉɚɤ ɦɵ ɜɵɲɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɢ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɛɨɞɪɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɦ ɝɢɩɟɪɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɹɪɤɢɦɢ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɚɦɢ ɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɤ ɩɪɢɩɨɦɢɧɚɧɢɸ ɮɚɧɬɚɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɇɚɤɨɧɟɰ ɩɟɪɟɮɪɚɡɢɪɭɹ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɭɸ ɦɵɫɥɶ ɋɬɚɧɢɫɥɚɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɨ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɚ ɟɫɬɶ ɜɫɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦ ɭɱɢɬ ɤɚɤ ɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɟɛɟ ɛɟɫɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ ɞɥɹ ɛɟɫɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɋɬɚɧɢɫɥɚɜɫɤɢɣ ɫ ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ Ʉɟɫɬɥɟɪɚ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɢɫɚɬɟɥɹ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɨɥɨɝɚ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɢɝɪɟ ɜɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɮɚɧɬɚɡɢɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɪɚɫɱɥɟɧɢɬɶ ɢ ɩɨ ɧɨɜɨɦɭ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ .RHVWOHU Ȼɨɫɫɸɷ ɀɚɤ Ȼɟɧɢɥɶ ɟɩɢɫɤɨɩ Ʉɨɧɞɨɦɫɤɢɣ ɛɨɝɨɫɥɨɜ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɤ ɡɧɚɦɟɧɢɬɵɣ ɩɪɨɩɨɜɟɞɧɢɤ ɟɝɨ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɥɢ Ɉɪɟɥ ɢɡ Ɇɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɜɲɢɣ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣ ɜɡɞɨɯ Ʌɚɪɨɲɮɭɤɨ ɦɚɪɬɚ ɝ ɍɱɢɬɟɥɶ ɦɨɧɫɟɧɶɨɪɚ ɜɟɥɢɤɨɝɨ ɞɨɮɢɧɚ ɫɵɧɚ Ʌɸɞɨɜɢɤɚ ;,9 ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ Ʌɸɞɨɜɢɤ Ɏɪɚɧɰɭɡɫɤɢɣ

Ɇɢɯɚɢɥ ɒɨɣɮɟɬ

ɋ Ʉɪɢɩɩɧɟɪ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɟ

ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɉɨ ɟɝɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɭ ɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ

ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɧɨɫɢɬ ©ɩɪɟɞɫɥɨɜɟɫɧɵɣª ɩɨɞɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɢ ɬɚɤ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨ

ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɭɟɬ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɨ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɩɨɞɩɨɪɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɵ ɢ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ .ULSSQHU ©Ɍɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɢɲɟɬ Ʌ ɋ Ʉɶɸɛɢ ɷɬɨ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɟɳɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɢ ɩɨɞɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ ɱɟɦ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɥɸɞɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɵɬɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɜɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɨɞɚɪɟɧɧɵɦɢª ɰɢɬ ɩɨ əɪɨɲɟɜɫɤɢɣ ɫ Ʉ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɦɭ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧ ɨɝɪɨɦɧɵɣ ɩɥɚɫɬ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɛ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭ ɥɢɡɦɟ ɩɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɜɧɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɜɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɥɢ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɚ ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɣ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɤ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɝɢɩɧɨɡɚ ɗ ɏɢɥɝɚɪɞ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɬɢɪɭɟɬ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭ ɥɢɡɦɚ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɧ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɢɩɧɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɧɭɲɟɧɢɹ +LOJDUG ɑɬɨ ɬɨɪɦɨɡɢɬ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɝɪɚɸɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɬɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɥɢ ɜ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɬɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɢɯ ɩɨɜɵɫɢɬɶ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɧɟɩɪɟɯɨɞɹɳɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ Ɂɞɟɫɶ ɦɵ ɩɨɤɚɠɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɧɟɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɟ ɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɨɞ ɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɭɸɳɢɦ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɜɧɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɝɢɩɧɨ ɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɩɨɝɨɜɨɪɢɦ ɨɛ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɹɯ ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦɚ ɧɚ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɉ Ƚ Ȼɚɭɷɪɫɨɦ ɐɟɥɶ ɟɝɨ ɪɚ

ɇɟɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɵɟ ɬɚɣɧɵ ɝɢɩɧɨɡɚ

ɛɨɬɵ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɥɚ ɜ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ

ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɚ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ

ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɭ ɧɟɝɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɣ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɡɛɟɝɚɧɢɟ

ɧɟɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɵɯ ɦɵɫɥɟɣ ɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜ ɉɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɠɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɭ ɧɟɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ

ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɢɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɨɛɳɟɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɦ

ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦ Ɋɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ Ȼɚɭɷɪɫɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɟɫɥɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɚɹ

ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɜɟɪɧɚ ɬɨ ɞɚɠɟ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɯ ɨɬ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ©ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ

ɡɚɳɢɬɵª ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɩɨɜɵɫɢɬɶ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɢɯ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ

ɑɟɬɵɪɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɯ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɥɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɟɫɬɵ ɩɪɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ

ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɂɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɥɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɩɪɢɡɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɫɧɢɡɢɬɶ

ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ ɂɯ ɭɛɟɠɞɚɥɢ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɭ ɧɢɯ ɩɨɹɜɢɥɚɫɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ

ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɶ ɫɜɨɸ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɨɞɚɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵ ɤ

ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɜɢɞɟɧɢɸ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɢɪɚ ɧɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɦ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ

ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɢɯ ɢ ɜɢɞɹɬ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟ ɡɚɦɟɱɚɥɢ

ɪɚɧɟɟ ɂɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɥɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɩɪɹɦɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɭɸ

ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɂɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɥɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɢɦ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɥɨɫɶ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨ

ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɭɦɧɵɦɢ ɛɵɫɬɪɵɦɢ ɢ ɝɢɛɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɫɬɨɜ Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɠɟ

ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɦ ɩɨɝɪɭɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɝɢɩɧɨ ɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦ

Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ ɱɬɨ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɭ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɯ ɜ

ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɪɨɫ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɦɢ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ

ɬɪɟɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ Ɉɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɱɬɨ ɜɢɞ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɚɜɚɜɲɟɣɫɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɦ ɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɨɦ

ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɥ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɱɬɨ

ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ

ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɟɦɚɹ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɹ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ

ɞɟɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɱɟɦ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɛɨɞɪɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ %RZHUV

Ɇɢɯɚɢɥ ɒɨɣɮɟɬ

ɇɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ Ȼɚɭɷɪɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɥ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɣ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬ ɫ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ

ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɯ ɢɦɢɬɢɪɨɜɚɜɲɢɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɝɢɩɧɨɡɚ ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ

ɷɬɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɨɤɚɡɚɥɢɫɶ ɛɥɢɡɤɢ ɤ ɬɟɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ

ɧɚɯɨɞɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦɟ ɉɨ ɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ ɢɦɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦ ɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ

ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɚɭɬɨɝɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɸ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ

ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ

ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥɢ Ȼɚɭɷɪɫɭ ɫɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɭ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɛɵɥ

ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɨɹɜɢɬɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ

ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɉɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɹɦɢ ɧɚ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɭɬɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɧɟɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɫɜɨɢɯ

ɫɢɥɚɯ ɛɨɹɡɧɶ ɤɪɢɬɢɤɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɣ ɪɟɲɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɱɚɳɟ

ɜɫɟɝɨ ɧɟ ɛɟɪɟɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɝɨ

ɜɩɨɥɧɟ ɩɨɫɢɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɦɢ %RZHUV Ȼɚɭɷɪɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬ ɱɬɨ ɜɧɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɧɢɦɚɟɬ

ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ ɢ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɟɬ ɩɨɜɵɫɢɬɶ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɯ

Ɉɧɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɫɟɛɹ ɪɚɫɤɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɪɟɚɝɢɪɭɸɬ ɜ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɣ ɦɚɧɟɪɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɟɧɵ ɫɜɨɢɦ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦ ɜɢɞɨɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɵɫɥɟɣ ɨɯɨɬɧɨ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɚɪɢɜɚɸɬ ɝɪɨɦɤɨ ɫɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɋɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɩɟɱɚɬɥɟɧɢɟ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɤɚɤ ɛɵ ɜɵɪɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɢɡ ɩɨɞ ɝɧɟɬɚ ɩɪɨɲɥɨɝɨ ɢ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɝɨ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɸɬ ɨɛɳɢɣ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣ %RZHUV Ɂɚɦɟɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɟɦɫɤɢɣ ɜɪɚɱ ɂɨɫɢɮ ȼɢɬɚɥɶɟɜɢɱ ȼɹɡɟɦɫɤɢɣ ɩɢɨɧɟɪ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɝɢɩɧɨɬɟɪɚɩɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɢɜɲɢɣ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ ɷɬɭ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɢɡɦɨɦ ɜ ɝ ɫɜɨɸ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɭ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɢɥ ȼ Ɇ Ȼɟɯɬɟɪɟɜ ɪɚɫɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɥ ɱɬɨ ɞɨɫɬɢɝ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɧɟɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɟɛɟ ɉɟɪɜɵɣ ɫɥɭɱɚɣ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ ɫ ɩɟɜɢɰɟɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɥɚ ɜɡɹɬɶ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɭɸ ɧɨɬɭ ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɟɣ ɧɟ ɩɨɞ ɫɢɥɭ Ⱦɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɲɟɬ ȼɹɡɟɦɫɤɢɣ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɫɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ ȼɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɣ ɦɭɠɱɢɧɚ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɬɟɪɹɥɫɹ ɟɫɥɢ ɟɦɭ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɥɨɫɶ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɫ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɩɪɢɫɭɬ

ɇɟɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɵɟ ɬɚɣɧɵ ɝɢɩɧɨɡɚ

ɫɬɜɢɢ ɩɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɯ ɥɢɰ ȿɳɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɷɩɢɡɨɞɨɜ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ȼɹɡɟɦɫɤɢɣ ɡɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɭ

ɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜ ɤɥɚɫɫɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɫɦɭɳɚɥɢɫɶ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɭɱɢɬɟɥɶ ɢɯ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɥ ɤ ɞɨɫɤɟ

ȼɹɡɟɦɫɤɢɣ ɫ

ɂɫɬɨɪɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɚɹ ɬɨɣ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɚ ɫ ɩɟɜɢɰɟɣ ɜɪɚɱɚ Ƀ ȼ ȼɹɡɟɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɥɭɱɢɥɚɫɶ ɢ ɜ

ɦɨɟɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɨɪ Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɮɢɥɚɪɦɨɧɢɢ ɂ ȼ Ƚɟɪɚɭɫ ɩɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɸ

ɸɛɢɥɟɹ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɢɥ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ Ɍɟɚɬɪɟ ɝɢɩɧɨɡɚ ɦɭɡɵɤɚɧɬɨɜ ɢ

ɩɟɜɰɨɜ ɮɢɥɚɪɦɨɧɢɢ Ɉɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɩɟɜɢɰ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɧɭɲɟɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɡɧɚɦɟɧɢɬɚɹ ɢɬɚɥɶɹɧɫɤɚɹ

ɩɪɢɦɚɞɨɧɧɚ ɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɰɟɧɟ Ʌɚ ɋɤɚɥɚ Ⱦɟɜɭɲɤɚ ɡɚɩɟɥɚ ɞɚ ɬɚɤ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɡɚɥɟ ɪɚɡɞɚɥɢɫɶ

ɜɨɡɝɥɚɫɵ ɭɞɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ȼɞɪɭɝ ɤ ɫɰɟɧɟ ɛɭɤɜɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɞɫɤɨɱɢɥ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɬɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɢ ɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɨɡɜɚɥ ɦɟɧɹ ɤ ɫɟɛɟ ©ɉɨɫɥɭɲɚɣɬɟ ɜɡɜɨɥɧɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɡɚɲɟɩɬɚɥ ɨɧ ɦɧɟ ɧɚ ɭɯɨ ɹ ɟɟ ɚɤɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɚɬɨɪ ȼɵ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɟ ɱɬɨ ɞɟɥɚɟɬɟ" Ɉɧɚ ɜɟɞɶ ɛɟɪɟɬ ɫɢ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɣ ɨɤɬɚɜɵ ɱɟɝɨ ɧɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɞɨ ɫɢɯ ɩɨɪ ɧɟ ɞɟɥɚɥɚ ɉɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɬɟ ɧɟɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨ Ɉɧɚ ɫɨɪɜɟɬ ɝɨɥɨɫ ª Ɂɧɚɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦɟ ɧɢɱɟɝɨ ©ɫɨɪɜɚɬɶª ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥ ɟɣ ɞɨɩɟɬɶ ɞɨ ɤɨɧɰɚ ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɜ ɡɚɥɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɟɜɰɵ ɢ ɦɭɡɵɤɚɧɬɵ ɬɨ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɞɲɟɟ ɧɚɞɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ Ɍɪɢɭɦɮ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦɚ ɛɵɥ ɩɨɥɧɵɣ ɉɪɢɜɟɞɭ ɟɳɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɢɡ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɦɚɹ ɝɨɞɚ ɧɚ ɫɰɟɧɟ ȾɄ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ ɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚ ɢɦ ɉɥɟɯɚɧɨɜɚ ɹ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɥ ɝɢɩɧɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɩɵɬɵ ɋɪɟɞɢ ɪɚɡɧɨɲɟɪɫɬɧɨɣ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɦɨɥɨɞɟɧɶɤɚɹ ɞɟɜɭɲɤɚ ə ɜɵɜɨɠɭ ɟɟ ɧɚ ɚɜɚɧɫɰɟɧɭ ɢ ɠɟɥɚɹ ɩɪɨɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɝɢɩɧɨɡɟ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɸɬɫɹ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɛɟɫɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɛɟɡ ɜɫɹɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɦɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɧɚ ɜɧɭɲɚɸ ɩɟɪɜɨɟ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɝɨɥɨɜɭ ©ȼɵ ɚɧɝɥɢɱɚɧɤɚ ɞɨɱɶ ɧɵɧɟ ɡɞɪɚɜɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɤɨɪɨɥɟɜɵ ȿɥɢɡɚɜɟɬɵ ɉɨ ɦɨɟɦɭ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɭ ɨɬɤɪɨɟɬɟ ɝɥɚɡɚ ɢ ɛɭɞɟɬɟ ɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɟɛɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɜɨɢɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦª ɂ ɜɨɬ ɧɚ ɝɥɚɡɚɯ ɭ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɪɚɡɜɨɪɚɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɸɠɟɬ ɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɹ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥ ɝɨɬɨɜ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɧɚ ɛɭɦɚɝɟ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɯ ɫɰɟɧ ɤɪɚɣɧɟ ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚ ɜ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɡɪɟɥɢɳɟɦ

Ɇɢɯɚɢɥ ɒɨɣɮɟɬ

Ʉɚɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɧɚ ɨɬɤɪɵɥɚ ɝɥɚɡɚ ɫ ɟɟ ɭɫɬ ɫɨɪɜɚɥɫɹ ɭɞɢɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɜɨɡɝɥɚɫ ©:KR DP , " :KHUH DP

," ª

ɉɨɞɨɡɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɫɦɨɬɪɟɜ ɧɚ ɦɟɧɹ ɨɧɚ ɬɨɩɧɭɜ ɧɨɝɨɣ ɫɩɪɨɫɢɥɚ ɭ ɜɢɞɢɦɨɣ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɟɣ ɨɯɪɚɧɵ

©:KR LV WKLV PDQ"ª

+H ɞɨɠɢɞɚɹɫɶ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɪɟɲɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɞɨɲɥɚ ɢ ɛɟɫɰɟɪɟɦɨɧɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɚɯɧɭɥɚ ɦɨɣ ɮɪɚɤ Ɂɚɬɟɦ

ɫɨɫɪɟɞɨɬɨɱɟɧɧɨ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɪɵɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɦɨɢɯ ɤɚɪɦɚɧɚɯ ɛɨɪɦɨɱɚ ©<RX DUH D YHU\ VXVSLFLRXV PDQ

6KRZ PH \RXU LGHQWLILFDWLRQ ª

ə ɩɪɢɡɧɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɬɨɪɨɩɟɥ ɢ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɥ ɤɚɤ ɧɚ ɷɬɨ ɪɟɚɝɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ Ɇɟɧɹ ɦɭɱɢɥ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɤɭɞɚ

ɧɚɩɪɚɜɢɬɶ ɬɚɤ ɞɪɚɦɚɬɢɱɧɨ ɢ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɧɟɨɠɢɞɚɧɧɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɫɸɠɟɬ" ɇɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ

ɞɟɥɟ ɤɬɨ ɹ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ" Ʉɟɦ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɬɶ ɝɢɩɧɨɬɢɡɟɪɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɨɦ ɟɟ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɚ

ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɨ ɪɚɡɵɝɪɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ" ȼɟɞɶ ɹ ɧɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɸ ɩɨ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɢ ɚ

ɨɧɚ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɟ ɧɟ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɩɨ ɪɭɫɫɤɢ ɉɨɜɢɫɥɚ ɦɧɨɝɨɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɚɭɡɚ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɹ

ɬɟɪɡɚɥ ɫɜɨɸ ɮɚɧɬɚɡɢɸ ɚ ɨɧɚ ɦɟɬɚɥɚɫɶ ɩɨ ɫɰɟɧɟ ɢ ɤɪɢɱɚɥɚ ©:KHUH LV P\ FRQVXO" ,W OO EH D JUHDW

LQWHUQDWLRQDO FRQIOLFW ,W OO EH D QXFOHDU ZDU ª

ɑɬɨɛɵ ɤɚɤ ɬɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ©ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɚª ɹ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɥɫɹ ɤ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɹɦ ɫ ɩɪɨɫɶɛɨɣ

ɞɟɥɟɝɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɫɰɟɧɭ ɤɨɝɨ ɧɢɛɭɞɶ ɚɧɝɥɨɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ ȼɵɲɟɥ ɦɨɥɨɞɨɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ə ɬɭɬ ɠɟ

ɨɛɴɹɜɢɥ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɟɯɚɥ ɤɨɧɫɭɥ Ɉɧɚ ɡɚɫɵɩɚɥɚ ɟɝɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦɢ ɨɧ ɩɟɪɟɚɞɪɟɫɨɜɵɜɚɥ ɢɯ ɦɧɟ

ɉɪɢɲɥɨɫɶ ɧɚ ɯɨɞɭ ɫɨɱɢɧɹɬɶ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɸ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɨɧ ɫɬɚɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɢɥ Ɉɧɚ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ

ɫɥɭɲɚɥɚ ɱɢɧɧɨ ɤɢɜɚɥɚ ɝɨɥɨɜɨɣ ɦɨɥ ɞɚ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɸ ɛɭɞɭ ɫɧɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɞɚɪɨɦ ɠɟ ɹ

ɩɪɢɧɰɟɫɫɚ Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬ ɛɵɥ ɢɫɱɟɪɩɚɧ ɢ ɨɧɚ ɭɫɩɨɤɨɢɥɚɫɶ ɹ ɪɟɲɢɥ ɨɬ ɝɪɟɯɚ ɩɨɞɚɥɶɲɟ

ɜɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɟɟ ɢɡ ɝɢɩɧɨɡɚ ɋɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɧɨ ȼɧɭɲɚɸ ©ȼɫɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɢɥɨɫɶ ȼɵ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɛɵɥɢ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɭɬɪɨɦ ȼɫɟ ɩɪɨɲɥɨª ɑɬɨɛɵ ɛɵɥɨ

Ʉɬɨ ɹ" Ƚɞɟ ɹ" Ʉɬɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ"

ȼɵ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɩɨɞɨɡɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɉɨɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɜɚɲɟ ɭɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɟɧɢɟ

Ƚɞɟ ɦɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɭɥ" Ȼɭɞɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬ Ȼɭɞɟɬ ɹɞɟɪɧɚɹ ɜɨɣɧɚ

ɇɟɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɵɟ ɬɚɣɧɵ ɝɢɩɧɨɡɚ

ɩɨɧɹɬɧɨ ɩɨɱɟɦɭ ©ɩɪɢɧɰɟɫɫɚª ɪɟɚɝɢɪɨɜɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɪɭɫɫɤɢɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɧɚɩɨɦɧɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɜ

ɝɢɩɧɨɡɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ Ɍɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɧɚ

ɛɟɫɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɵɲɚɥɚ ɦɨɢ ɜɧɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɚɤ ɠɟ ɛɟɫɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢɯ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɥɚ ȼ ɨɞɧɨɣ

ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɢ ɭ ɧɟɟ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɥɨɫɶ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɫɟɛɟ ɤɚɤ ɨ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɜɭɲɤɟ Ɉɤɫɚɧɟ

ȼɫɟ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɜɧɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɛɵɥɨ ɟɳɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɟɨɠɢɞɚɧɧɵɦ Ɉɧɚ

ɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɥɚɫɶ ɤɨ ɦɧɟ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɥɵɜɚɹɫɶ ɜ ɨɫɥɟɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɥɵɛɤɟ ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ©2K 'DGG\ +RZ , JODG

WR VHH \RX ª

Ɇɨɥɨɞɨɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɦɧɨɸ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɫɰɟɧɟ ɲɟɩɱɟɬ ɦɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞ ɂ

ɬɭɬ ɹ ɩɨɧɹɥ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɲɢɛɤɭ ȼɦɟɫɬɨ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɧɭɲɢɬɶ ©Ȼɭɞɟɲɶ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɢɥɢ

ɜɫɟɝɞɚª ɹ ɫɤɚɡɚɥ ©Ʉɚɤ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɭɬɪɨɦª ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɫɸɠɟɬɧɵɣ ɩɨɜɨɪɨɬ ɇɚɞɨ ɛɵɥɨ

ɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɧɰɟɫɫɵ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɚ ©Ȼɵɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɤɚɤ ɭɬɪɨɦª Ɇɧɟ ɧɢɱɟɝɨ

ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɟɟ ɜ ɫɜɨɢ ©ɨɬɟɱɟɫɤɢɟª ɨɛɴɹɬɢɹ Ɉɧɚ ɞɨɜɟɪɱɢɜɨ

ɭɬɤɧɭɥɚɫɶ ɧɨɫɨɦ ɜ ɦɨɸ ɳɟɤɭ ɉɨɬɟɪɲɢɫɶ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɬɟɩɥɨɣ ɳɟɱɤɨɣ ɨ ɦɨɸ ɢ ɩɨɰɟɥɨɜɚɜ ɦɟɧɹ

ɛɥɚɠɟɧɧɨ ɡɚɜɨɪɤɨɜɚɥɚ ɋɦɟɯ ɜ ɡɚɥɟ Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɛɵ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɨɬ ɞɨɥɝɨɠɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ

ɜɵɞɨɯɧɭɥɚ

:RZ +RZ , P WLUHG

:KHUH KDYH \RX EHHQ P\ FKLOG" ɫɩɪɚɲɢɜɚɸ ɟɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɱɢɤɚ , GRQ W NQRZ 0D\EH LQ 9LHWQDP PD\EH LQ /DRV

ə ɟɳɟ ɤɚɤɨɟ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɨɝɨɜɨɪɢɥ ɫ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɢɜɲɟɣɫɹ ɢɡ ɞɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɢɣ ©ɞɨɱɟɪɶɸª ɢ

ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɧɚ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɢ ɫɬɨɹɥɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɯ ɞɟɝɢɩɧɨɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɥ ɟɟ Ʉɚɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ

ɨɧɚ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɢɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɢɱɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨ ɧɟ ɩɨɦɧɹ ɨ ɫɥɭɱɢɜɲɟɦɫɹ ɹ

ɫɬɚɥ ɫ ɧɟɣ ɩɪɨɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɑɬɨ ɬɭɬ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɡɚɥɟ Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɲɭɦ ɭɥɟɝɫɹ ɫɬɚɥɨ ɹɫɧɨ ɱɟɝɨ ɯɨɱɟɬ

ɩɨɱɬɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚ Ɂɪɢɬɟɥɢ ɯɨɬɟɥɢ ɡɧɚɬɶ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɥɢ Ɉɤɫɚɧɚ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬ ɬɚɤ ɛɥɟɫɬɹɳɟ ɫ

ɨɤɫɮɨɪɞɫɤɢɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɧɨɲɟɧɢ

Ɉ ɩɚɩɨɱɤɚ Ʉɚɤ ɹ ɪɚɞɚ ɬɟɛɹ ɜɢɞɟɬɶ Ɉɣ ɤɚɤ ɹ ɭɫɬɚɥɚ Ⱥ ɝɞɟ ɬɵ ɛɵɥɚ ɞɢɬɹ ɦɨɟ" ɇɟ

ɡɧɚɸ Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɨ ȼɶɟɬɧɚɦɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜ Ʌɚɨɫɟ

Ɇɢɯɚɢɥ ɒɨɣɮɟɬ

ɟɦ ɢɥɢ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɥ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦ" ə ɫɩɪɨɫɢɥ Ɉɤɫɚɧɭ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬ ɥɢ ɨɧɚ

ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ ɩɨ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɢ ɉɨɫɦɨɬɪɟɜ ɧɚ ɦɟɧɹ ɜ ɧɟɞɨɭɦɟɧɢɢ ɨɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ©ə ɡɚ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɬɚɤɨɣ

ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɡɚɦɟɱɚɥɚ ª

Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɹ ɩɪɨɢɫɲɟɞɲɟɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨ Ɉɤɫɚɧɚ ɧɟ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɩɪɢɧɰɟɫɫɨɣ ɧɨ ɢ

ɫɚɦɨɣ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɥɚɫɶ Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɥɢ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɢɝɪɚɥɚ" Ⱦɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɇɨ ɷɬɨ ɧɟ ɢɝɪɚ

ɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɩɥɨɳɚɹɫɶ ɜ ɩɪɢɧɰɚ ɞɚɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɩɨ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɢ ɧɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬ ɗɬɨ

ɛɵɥɚ ɝɢɩɧɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɢɝɪɚ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɨɬ ɚɤɬɟɪɫɤɨɣ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɩɥɨɳɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ

Ɉɤɫɚɧɵ ɟɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɦɢɪ ɫɬɚɥ ɬɨɠɞɟɫɬɜɟɧɟɧ ɜɧɭɲɚɟɦɨɦɭ ɨɛɪɚɡɭ ɱɬɨ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɥɨ

ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɹɡɵɤɚ ȼ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɟ ɨ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɢɝɪɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɬ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɫ ɩɨɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɟɦ

Ƚɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ

Ⱥɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦɚ ɢɡ Ʉɟɦɛɪɢɞɠɚ Ɏ ɍ Ɇɚɣɟɪɫ ɡɚɞɚɜɚɥɫɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɦ ©ɂɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɪɟɝɪɟɫɫɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɚ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɥɢ ɫ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɨɨɛɳɢɬɶ ɥɸɞɹɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɭɸ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ"ª 0\HUV ɉɨɞɨɛɧɭɸ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɥɢ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɜɫɟ ɫɬɚɪɵɟ ɦɚɝɧɟɬɢɡɟɪɵ ©Ɂɚɛɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɩɪɨɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬ ɉ ɉ Ȼɚɪɚɧɶɨɧ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɧɚɫ ɞɭɦɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦª %DUDJQRQ ɪ Ɉɧ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ ɡɚɛɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɨɥɟɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɳɭɳɟɧɢɣ Ɉɫɤɚɪ Ɏɨɝɬ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɢ ɮɪɚɧɰɭɡɫɤɢɣ ɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝ ɀɢɥɥɶ ɞɟ ɥɚ Ɍɭɪɟɬɬ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ ɱɬɨ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɝɢɩɧɨ ɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦɟ ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨ ɜɵɲɟ ɱɟɦ ɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ Ɍɭɪɟɬɬ ɫɨɨɛɳɚɟɬ ©Ɇɵ ɜɢɞɟɥɢ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɨɜ ɜɟɫɶ ɨɛɥɢɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɟɧɹɥɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɧɢ ɩɨɝɪɭɠɚɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦ Ⱦɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɧɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɫɤɭɱɧɵ ɢ ɚɩɚɬɢɱɧɵ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɠɟ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢ

ɇɟɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɵɟ ɬɚɣɧɵ ɝɢɩɧɨɡɚ

ɞɢɫɶ ɠɢɜɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɨɫɬɪɨɭɦɧɵɦɢª *LOOHV GH OD 7RXUHWWH ɇɟɦɟɰɤɢɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝ ɇɚɪɰɢɫɫ Ⱥɯ$FK ɧɚɲɟɥ ɱɬɨ ©ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɦɚª ɜ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɬɨɪɚ ɪɚɡɚ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦ Ʌ Ʌɺɜɟɧɮɟɥɶɞ ɷɬɭ ɦɟɬɚɦɨɪɮɨɡɭ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɥ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɥɢɛɨ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɣ Ⱦɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɫɥɨɜɚɦɢ ɤɚɤ ɭɠɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɜɧɟ ɤɪɭɝɚ ɜɧɭɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɞɟɣ ɰɚɪɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɬɶɦɚ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɡɚɞɚɱɭ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɜɫɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɵ ɞɨ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɩɟɪɟɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɞɟɟɣ ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɗɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɪɟɲɚɬɶ ɡɚɞɚɱɭ ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɤɪɭɝ ɜɧɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɟɱɧɨ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɬɶ Ɂɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɚ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤ ɭɩɨɪɹɞɨɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɨɱɧɵɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɦ ɧɨ ɢ ɤ ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɢɹɦ Ʌɺɜɟɧɮɟɥɶɞ ȿɫɥɢ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɚ ɤɨɦɭ ɬɨ ɩɨɤɚɠɭɬɫɹ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɬɨ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɢɠɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɚ ɆȽɍ Ɉ Ʉ Ɍɢɯɨɦɢɪɨɜɚ ɧɚɞɟɟɦɫɹ ɧɟ ɜɵɡɨɜɟɬ ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɹ ɇɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɟ ɆȽɍ ɩɨɞ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦ Ɉ Ʉ Ɍɢɯɨɦɢɪɨɜɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɵ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ȼ ɷɬɢɯ ɨɩɵɬɚɯ ɛɵɥɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɛɵɫɬɪɚɹ ɨɛɭɱɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɝɢɩɧɨɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɢɡɦɟ Ɂɚɦɟɬɶɬɟ ɧɟ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɣ ɧɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɟɧ ɤ ɭɩɨɪɹɞɨɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɨɱɧɵɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɦ ɞɨɥɝɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɦɚɹ ɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɚɦ ɚ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ȼ ɷɬɢɯ ɨɩɵɬɚɯ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɥ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜɪɚɱ ɝɢɩɧɨɬɢɡɟɪ ȼ Ʌ Ɋɚɣɤɨɜ Ɉɩɵɬɵ Ɉ Ʉ Ɍɢɯɨɦɢɪɨɜɚ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɱɬɨ ɭ ɫɨɦɧɚɦɛɭɥɵ ɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɨ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɡɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɵ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɪɨɠɞɚɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɵɱɧɵɟ ɢɞɟɢ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɨɬ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ ɪɟɲɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɧɵɟ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ȼ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɷɬɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ