VII. Прочтите 3-ий абзац. Закончите данное предложение, выбрав соответствующий вариант.

There are no sky-scrapers in Washington…

1. …because there is a law in Washington not to build houses higher than the

Capitol. 2. …because the people in Washington are afraid to live in the sky-scrapers. 3. …because they would hide the city’s many monuments from view.

Контрольная работа № 2 Вариант 1

1. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

а)1. When Lomonosov had studied in the Slav-Greek-Latin Academy for four

years he went to St. Petersburg to study at the University of the Academy of

Sciences.

2. These scientists are now developing a new theory.

3. When did Lomonosov make theoretical analysis of electrical phenomena?

б) 1. Less than a year after he came to Petersburg Lomo­nosov was sent abroad to

study metallurgy and mining.

2. Chemical phenomena are correctly explained only on the basis of physical

laws.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Explaining chemical phenomena through the laws of physics, Lomonosov founded a new science, namely, physi­cal chemistry.

2. The Law of Conservation of Mass discovered by Lomonosov is the fundamental law of chemical change of substance.

3. While studying that phenomenon he made an important discovery.

4. Moscow Uni­versity founded thanks to the efforts of Lomonosov is now an educational and scientific center known all over the world.

5. Lomonosov was the greatest Russian scientist of his time called by Puskin “our first university”.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Lomonosov was able to complete the seven-grade curriculum of the Academy in

four years.

2. He read all the books he could obtain in his village.

3. "Only now can we grasp in full and appreciate all that was done by this giant of

science", wrote S. Vavilov.

4. The mass of a body remains unchanged by any physical or chemical change to

which it may be subjected.

5. You should remember that Lomonosov was not only a talented scientist, but an

outstanding poet as well.

3. Прочтите и устно переведите с 1 по 6 абзац текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1,2 и 3-й абзацы.

M. V. Lomonosov

1. The Russian scientist Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov was born in 1711, in the village of Denisovka near the town of Kholmogory, Archangelsk Gubernia, to the family of a fisherman. Taught to read and write by a literate fellow-villager, Lomonosov had soon read all the books he could obtain in his village. At the age of 17 he left his native village and made his way to Moscow. In Moscow he succeeded to enter the Slav-Greek-Latin Academy, the only higher educational institution in Moscow at that time.

2. His brilliant capabilities and hard work enabled him to complete the seven-grade curriculum of the Academy in four years. Lomonosov did not finish the last grade, as he was transferred together with eleven others of the best pupils to Petersburg to study at the University of the Academy of Sciences. Less than a year after he came to Petersburg Lomo­nosov was sent abroad to study metallurgy and mining.

3. After his return to Russia in 1741 Lomonosov soon became a professor in chemistry and a full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Two centuries later S. Vavilov wrote about Lomonosov: "His achievements in the spheres of physics, chemistry, astronomy, instrument-making, geology, geography, linguistics and history would be worthy of the activities of a whole academy." A.S. Pushkin called Lomonosov "our first university."

4. Among the numerous discoveries of Lomonosov is the Law of Conservation of Mass. He also developed a corpuscular theory of the structure of substance in which he anticipated the present-day theory of atoms and molecules. Lomonosov considered chemistry his "main profession", but he was at the same time the first outstanding Russian physicist. He said that chemical phenomena could be treated correctly only on the basis of physical laws. Explaining chemical phenomena through the laws of physics, Lomonosov founded a new science, namely, physi­cal chemistry.

5. Lomonosov gave all his energy to the promotion of Russian science. In 1755 Moscow Uni­versity was founded thanks to the efforts and after the project of Lomonosov. This university became a major centre of Russian enlightenment and science.

6. Lomonosov died in 1765, at the age of 54.