- •Unit 2. English short vowels.
- •Tape Unit 3. Long vowels. Diphthongs and triphthongs.
- •Diphthongs
- •Triphthongs
- •Tape Unit 5. Revision.
- •Tape Unit 6. Fricatives and affricates.
- •Tape Unit 7. Further consonants.
- •Tape Unit 8. Consonant clusters
- •Tape Unit 9. Weak syllables.
- •Tape Unit 10. Word Stress.
- •Tape Unit 11. Complex word stress.
- •Tape Unit 12. Weak forms.
- •Tape Unit 13. Revision.
- •Tape Unit 14. Elisions.
- •Tape Unit 15. Tones.
- •Tape Unit 16. The tone-unit
- •Tape Unit 17. Intonation.
- •Tape Unit 18. Intonation – extracts from conversation.
- •Tape Unit 19. Transcription of connected speech
- •Tape Unit 20. Further practice on connected speech
Unit 2. English short vowels.
The exercises in this Tape Unit practise the six short vowels introduced in Chapter 2. When pronouncing them, you should take care to give the vowels the correct length and the correct quality.
Exercise 1. Repetition.
[I]
bit [bIt] bid [bId] him [hIm] miss [mIs]
[e]
bet [bet] bed [bed] hen [hen] mess [mes]
[æ]
bat [bæt] bad [bæd] ham [hæm] mass [mæs]
[/\]
cut [k/\t] bud [b/\d] bun [b/\n] bus [b/\s]
[o]
pot [pot] cod [kod] Tom [tom] loss [los]
[u]
put [put] wood [wud] pull [pul] push [pu∫]
Exercise 2. Identification.
Write the symbol for the vowel you hear in each word. (1... 10) Check your answers.
Exercise 3. Production.
When you hear the number, pronounce the word (which is given in spelling and in phonetic symbols). Repeat the correct pronunciation when you hear it. Example: 1. 'Mad'
mad [mæd]
mud [m/\d]
bit [bit]
bet [bet]
cut [k/\t]
cot [kot]
put [put]
pot [pot]
men [men]
man [mæn]
fun [f/\n]
fan [fæn]
Exercise 4. Short vowels contrasted.
Listen and repeat (words given in spelling)
[i ] and [e]
[e] and [æ]
[æ] and [/\]
[/\] and [o]
[o] and [u]
bit
bet
hem
ham
lack
luck
dug
dog
lock
look
tin
ten
set
sat
bad
bud
cup
cop
cod
could
fill
fell
peck
pack
fan
fun
rub
rob
pot
put
built
belt
send
sand
stamp
stump
stuck
stock
shock
shook
lift
left
wreck
rack
flash
flush
luck
lock
crock
crook
Tape Unit 3. Long vowels. Diphthongs and triphthongs.
Exercise 1. Repetition.
Listen and repeat:
[i:]
beat [bi:t] bead [bi:d] been [bi:n] beef [bi:f]
[a:]
heart [ha:t] hard [ha:d] harm [ha:m] hearth [ha:θ] [o:]
caught [ko:t] cord [ko:d] corn [ko:n] course [ko:s] [u:]
root [ru:t] rude [ru:d] room [ru:m] roof [ru:f] [ə:]
hurt [hə:t] heard [hə:d] earn [ə::n] earth [ə:θ]
Exercise 2. Production.
When you hear the number, pronounce the word. Repeat the correct pronunciation when you hear it.
heard [hə:d]
been [bi:n]
3. root [ru:t]
hearth [ha:θ]
caught [ko:t]
heart [ha:t]
cord [ko:d]
beef [bi:f]
rude [ru:d]
earn [ə:n]