EXERCISE 13. Translate the text WHAT IS LAW? into Russian.

 Asking Questions

When asking for information, we use four basic types of questions. Each type of question has the certain sentence structure. The question structure reflects different assumptions that a person asking for information had made before he started asking questions. For example, these different structures allow lawyers to research the problem and collect the information they need to succeed in a legal contest and hence help a client.

*AV - auxiliary verb or modal verb (be, have, do, will, shall, would, should, can, may, must)

*WH - what, where, when, why, which, who, + how

EXERCISE 14. Read the text given below. Make up questions that may lead to further classroom discussion. Ask your questions to your classmates.

LAW AND RELIGION

Law has much in common with religion. Like religion, law is a means of regulating human conduct. It defines a society’s vision of “good” and “evil”. Indeed, laws enacted by government often reflect moral, religious values. For example, the US states have regularly passed laws protecting marriage and regulating other forms of sexual conduct. In early US history, some states severely punished sexual activity outside marriage. In 1785 Massachusetts law allowed public whipping of a man or woman found guilty of adultery and death for homosexual intercourse. Many states continue to make adultery an offence. In Idaho, a person can still be imprisoned for up to three years for adultery.

QUESTIONS:

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 Extend your skills

EXERCISE 15. Working in small groups, decide whether the following laws would be fair or unfair. Express your opinions in class. Be prepared to explain your choices.

−All businesses need a license to operate.

−People are allowed to keep poisonous pets at home.

−Left-handed children must sit in the back of their classroom in school.

−People with AIDS should not be allowed to work in hospitals.

−Religious materials may not be handed out in public parks.

−Males at age eighteen must register for military services.

−Senior citizens are entitled to a 10% discount for any type of purchase.

−All mentally ill citizens must be placed in hospital care.

List some examples of other laws that you consider to be fair or unfair.

EXERCISE 16. Read the information about Mind Mapping and do your mind map for the text WHAT IS LAW?

 Mind Mapping

Mind mapping (or concept mapping) is a tool

▪which can help you to think and learn;

▪which can help you to understand and remember the important issues in your readings;

▪which can help you recognize the central idea and think over the related ideas which

radiate out from the center.

By focusing on key ideas written down in your own words, and then looking for branches out and connections between the ideas, you are mapping knowledge in a manner which will help you understand and remember new information.

Use lines, colors, arrows or some other ways of showing connections between the ideas generated on your mind map. These relationships may be important in your understanding of new information or in constructing a summary, a well-structured presentation or creating visual aids for your presentations. By personalizing the map with your own symbols and designs you will be building visual and meaningful relationships between ideas, which will assist in your recall and understanding.

FOUR STEPS in creating mind maps that can help you to summarize your reading.

1.Read the source material in one sitting and then go back to any parts you are not quite sure of.

2.Do a mind map. It is important at this stage to do the mind map from memory, so don’t consult the text or any other source of information. Doing your mind map

a)put the main idea in the middle of the page . This gives you space for other ideas to radiate out from the center.

b)leave a lot of space. After initial drawing of the mind map you may wish to highlight things or add some information and your comments.

3.Stop and study the mind map you have just done. Your mind map is very valuable as it shows both areas you have understood and areas you are not sure of. Study your mind map to discover the gaps in your knowledge and refer back to the text to fill in any of these gaps.

4.Personalize. Using different colors and symbols add your own comments to the mind map. It is in this personalizing stage your mind map stars to help you with your learning.