Oracle9i
SQL Reference
Release 2 (9.2)
October 2002
Part No. A96540-02
Oracle9i SQL Reference, Release 2 (9.2)
Part No. A96540-02
Copyright © 2000, 2002 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Primary Author: Diana Lorentz
Contributing Author: Joan Gregoire
Contributors: Sundeep Abraham, Nipun Agarwal, Dave Alpern, Angela Amor, Patrick Amor, Rick Anderson, Vikas Arora, Lance Ashdown, Hermann Baer, Subhransu Basu, Ruth Baylis, Paula Bingham, Rae Burns, Yujie Cao, Larry Carpenter, Sivasankaran Chandrasekar, Thomas Chang, Tim Chorma, Lex de Haan, Norbert Debes, George Eadon, Bill Gietz, Ray Guzman, John Haydu, Lilian Hobbs, Jiansheng Huang, Ken Jacobs, Archna Johnson, Vishy Karra, Thomas Keefe, Susan Kotsovolos, Muralidhar Krishnaprasad, Goutam Kulkarni, Paul Lane, Shilpa Lawande, Geoff Lee, Yunrui Li, Lenore Luscher, Kevin MacDowell, Anand Manikutty, Vineet Marwah, Steve McGee, Bill McGuirk, Bill McKenna, Meghna Mehta, Tony Morales, Sujatha Muthulingam, Michael Orlowski, Jennifer Polk, Dmitry Potapov, Rebecca Reitmeyer, Kathy Rich, John Russell, Vivian Schupmann, Shrikanth Shankar, Vikram Shukla, Mike Stewart, Sankar Subramanian, Seema Sundara, Hal Takahara, Ashish Thusoo, Anh-Tuan Tran, Randy Urbano, Guhan Viswanathan, David Wang, Jim Warner, Andy Witkowski, Daniel Wong, Jianping Yang, Adiel Yoaz, Qin Yu, Tim Yu, Mohamed Zait, Fred Zemke
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Contents |
Send Us Your Comments .................................................................................................................. |
xv |
Preface......................................................................................................................................................... |
xvii |
What’s New in SQL Reference?................................................................................................. |
xxvii |
1 Introduction to Oracle SQL |
|
2 Basic Elements of Oracle SQL |
|
Datatypes ............................................................................................................................................. |
2-2 |
Literals ................................................................................................................................................ |
2-53 |
Format Models .................................................................................................................................. |
2-61 |
Nulls ................................................................................................................................................... |
2-80 |
Pseudocolumns ................................................................................................................................ |
2-82 |
Comments .......................................................................................................................................... |
2-90 |
Database Objects ............................................................................................................................ |
2-106 |
Schema Object Names and Qualifiers ........................................................................................ |
2-110 |
Syntax for Schema Objects and Parts in SQL Statements ...................................................... |
2-115 |
3 Operators |
|
About SQL Operators ........................................................................................................................ |
3-2 |
Arithmetic Operators ........................................................................................................................ |
3-3 |
Concatenation Operator .................................................................................................................... |
3-4 |
Set Operators ...................................................................................................................................... |
3-6 |
User-Defined Operators .................................................................................................................... |
3-6 |
iii
4 Expressions |
|
About SQL Expressions .................................................................................................................... |
4-2 |
Simple Expressions ............................................................................................................................ |
4-3 |
Compound Expressions .................................................................................................................... |
4-5 |
CASE Expressions .............................................................................................................................. |
4-6 |
CURSOR Expressions ........................................................................................................................ |
4-7 |
Datetime Expressions ........................................................................................................................ |
4-9 |
Function Expressions ....................................................................................................................... |
4-11 |
INTERVAL Expressions .................................................................................................................. |
4-11 |
Object Access Expressions ............................................................................................................. |
4-12 |
Scalar Subquery Expressions ......................................................................................................... |
4-13 |
Type Constructor Expressions ....................................................................................................... |
4-13 |
Variable Expressions ....................................................................................................................... |
4-15 |
Expression Lists ................................................................................................................................ |
4-16 |
5 Conditions |
|
About SQL Conditions ...................................................................................................................... |
5-2 |
Comparison Conditions .................................................................................................................... |
5-4 |
Logical Conditions.............................................................................................................................. |
5-8 |
Membership Conditions ................................................................................................................... |
5-9 |
Range Conditions ............................................................................................................................. |
5-12 |
Null Conditions ................................................................................................................................ |
5-13 |
EQUALS_PATH ................................................................................................................................ |
5-13 |
EXISTS Conditions .......................................................................................................................... |
5-14 |
LIKE Conditions ............................................................................................................................... |
5-15 |
IS OF type Conditions ..................................................................................................................... |
5-19 |
UNDER_PATH .................................................................................................................................. |
5-20 |
Compound Conditions ................................................................................................................... |
5-21 |
6 Functions
SQL Functions .................................................................................................................................... |
6-2 |
ABS ..................................................................................................................................................... |
6-17 |
ACOS .................................................................................................................................................. |
6-17 |
ADD_MONTHS ............................................................................................................................... |
6-18 |
ASCII .................................................................................................................................................. |
6-18 |
iv
ASCIISTR .......................................................................................................................................... |
6-19 |
ASIN ................................................................................................................................................... |
6-20 |
ATAN .................................................................................................................................................. |
6-21 |
ATAN2 ................................................................................................................................................ |
6-21 |
AVG .................................................................................................................................................... |
6-22 |
BFILENAME ..................................................................................................................................... |
6-23 |
BIN_TO_NUM ................................................................................................................................. |
6-25 |
BITAND ............................................................................................................................................. |
6-25 |
CAST .................................................................................................................................................. |
6-27 |
CEIL .................................................................................................................................................... |
6-30 |
CHARTOROWID ............................................................................................................................ |
6-30 |
CHR .................................................................................................................................................... |
6-31 |
COALESCE ....................................................................................................................................... |
6-33 |
COMPOSE ........................................................................................................................................ |
6-34 |
CONCAT ........................................................................................................................................... |
6-35 |
CONVERT ......................................................................................................................................... |
6-36 |
CORR ................................................................................................................................................. |
6-37 |
COS ..................................................................................................................................................... |
6-39 |
COSH ................................................................................................................................................. |
6-40 |
COUNT .............................................................................................................................................. |
6-40 |
COVAR_POP .................................................................................................................................... |
6-42 |
COVAR_SAMP ................................................................................................................................ |
6-44 |
CUME_DIST ..................................................................................................................................... |
6-47 |
CURRENT_DATE ............................................................................................................................ |
6-49 |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP .............................................................................................................. |
6-50 |
DBTIMEZONE ................................................................................................................................. |
6-51 |
DECODE ............................................................................................................................................ |
6-52 |
DECOMPOSE ................................................................................................................................... |
6-53 |
DENSE_RANK ................................................................................................................................. |
6-55 |
DEPTH ................................................................................................................................................ |
6-57 |
DEREF ................................................................................................................................................ |
6-58 |
DUMP ................................................................................................................................................ |
6-59 |
EMPTY_BLOB, EMPTY_CLOB .................................................................................................... |
6-61 |
EXISTSNODE ................................................................................................................................... |
6-61 |
EXP ...................................................................................................................................................... |
6-62 |
v
EXTRACT (datetime) ....................................................................................................................... |
6-63 |
EXTRACT (XML) ............................................................................................................................. |
6-65 |
EXTRACTVALUE ............................................................................................................................ |
6-66 |
FIRST .................................................................................................................................................. |
6-67 |
FIRST_VALUE .................................................................................................................................. |
6-69 |
FLOOR ............................................................................................................................................... |
6-71 |
FROM_TZ .......................................................................................................................................... |
6-71 |
GREATEST ........................................................................................................................................ |
6-72 |
GROUP_ID ........................................................................................................................................ |
6-72 |
GROUPING ...................................................................................................................................... |
6-74 |
GROUPING_ID ............................................................................................................................... |
6-75 |
HEXTORAW ..................................................................................................................................... |
6-77 |
INITCAP ............................................................................................................................................ |
6-77 |
INSTR ................................................................................................................................................. |
6-78 |
LAG ..................................................................................................................................................... |
6-80 |
LAST ................................................................................................................................................... |
6-81 |
LAST_DAY ........................................................................................................................................ |
6-83 |
LAST_VALUE ................................................................................................................................... |
6-84 |
LEAD .................................................................................................................................................. |
6-86 |
LEAST ................................................................................................................................................ |
6-87 |
LENGTH ............................................................................................................................................ |
6-88 |
LN ........................................................................................................................................................ |
6-89 |
LOCALTIMESTAMP ....................................................................................................................... |
6-90 |
LOG .................................................................................................................................................... |
6-91 |
LOWER .............................................................................................................................................. |
6-91 |
LPAD ................................................................................................................................................... |
6-92 |
LTRIM ................................................................................................................................................ |
6-93 |
MAKE_REF ....................................................................................................................................... |
6-94 |
MAX .................................................................................................................................................... |
6-95 |
MIN ..................................................................................................................................................... |
6-97 |
MOD ................................................................................................................................................... |
6-98 |
MONTHS_BETWEEN .................................................................................................................... |
6-99 |
NCHR ............................................................................................................................................... |
6-100 |
NEW_TIME ..................................................................................................................................... |
6-100 |
NEXT_DAY ...................................................................................................................................... |
6-102 |
vi
NLS_CHARSET_DECL_LEN ...................................................................................................... |
6-102 |
NLS_CHARSET_ID ...................................................................................................................... |
6-103 |
NLS_CHARSET_NAME .............................................................................................................. |
6-104 |
NLS_INITCAP ................................................................................................................................ |
6-104 |
NLS_LOWER .................................................................................................................................. |
6-106 |
NLSSORT ........................................................................................................................................ |
6-107 |
NLS_UPPER .................................................................................................................................... |
6-108 |
NTILE ............................................................................................................................................... |
6-109 |
NULLIF ............................................................................................................................................ |
6-110 |
NUMTODSINTERVAL ................................................................................................................ |
6-111 |
NUMTOYMINTERVAL ............................................................................................................... |
6-112 |
NVL .................................................................................................................................................. |
6-113 |
NVL2 ................................................................................................................................................ |
6-114 |
PATH ................................................................................................................................................. |
6-115 |
PERCENT_RANK .......................................................................................................................... |
6-116 |
PERCENTILE_CONT .................................................................................................................... |
6-118 |
PERCENTILE_DISC ...................................................................................................................... |
6-121 |
POWER ............................................................................................................................................ |
6-122 |
RANK ............................................................................................................................................... |
6-123 |
RATIO_TO_REPORT .................................................................................................................... |
6-125 |
RAWTOHEX ................................................................................................................................... |
6-126 |
RAWTONHEX ................................................................................................................................ |
6-126 |
REF .................................................................................................................................................... |
6-127 |
REFTOHEX ..................................................................................................................................... |
6-128 |
REGR_ (Linear Regression) Functions ...................................................................................... |
6-129 |
REPLACE ......................................................................................................................................... |
6-137 |
ROUND (number) ......................................................................................................................... |
6-138 |
ROUND (date) ................................................................................................................................ |
6-139 |
ROW_NUMBER ............................................................................................................................. |
6-139 |
ROWIDTOCHAR .......................................................................................................................... |
6-141 |
ROWIDTONCHAR ....................................................................................................................... |
6-141 |
RPAD ................................................................................................................................................ |
6-142 |
RTRIM .............................................................................................................................................. |
6-143 |
SESSIONTIMEZONE ................................................................................................................... |
6-143 |
SIGN ................................................................................................................................................. |
6-144 |
vii
SIN .................................................................................................................................................... |
6-145 |
SINH ................................................................................................................................................. |
6-145 |
SOUNDEX ....................................................................................................................................... |
6-146 |
SQRT ................................................................................................................................................ |
6-147 |
STDDEV .......................................................................................................................................... |
6-148 |
STDDEV_POP ................................................................................................................................ |
6-149 |
STDDEV_SAMP ............................................................................................................................ |
6-151 |
SUBSTR ........................................................................................................................................... |
6-152 |
SUM .................................................................................................................................................. |
6-154 |
SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH ......................................................................................................... |
6-155 |
SYS_CONTEXT .............................................................................................................................. |
6-156 |
SYS_DBURIGEN ........................................................................................................................... |
6-161 |
SYS_EXTRACT_UTC .................................................................................................................... |
6-162 |
SYS_GUID ....................................................................................................................................... |
6-163 |
SYS_TYPEID ................................................................................................................................... |
6-164 |
SYS_XMLAGG ............................................................................................................................... |
6-165 |
SYS_XMLGEN ................................................................................................................................ |
6-166 |
SYSDATE ......................................................................................................................................... |
6-167 |
SYSTIMESTAMP ........................................................................................................................... |
6-168 |
TAN ................................................................................................................................................... |
6-169 |
TANH ............................................................................................................................................... |
6-169 |
TO_CHAR (character) ................................................................................................................... |
6-170 |
TO_CHAR (datetime) .................................................................................................................... |
6-171 |
TO_CHAR (number) ..................................................................................................................... |
6-173 |
TO_CLOB ........................................................................................................................................ |
6-175 |
TO_DATE ........................................................................................................................................ |
6-175 |
TO_DSINTERVAL ......................................................................................................................... |
6-177 |
TO_LOB ........................................................................................................................................... |
6-178 |
TO_MULTI_BYTE .......................................................................................................................... |
6-179 |
TO_NCHAR (character) ................................................................................................................ |
6-180 |
TO_NCHAR (datetime) ................................................................................................................ |
6-181 |
TO_NCHAR (number) .................................................................................................................. |
6-182 |
TO_NCLOB ..................................................................................................................................... |
6-182 |
TO_NUMBER ................................................................................................................................. |
6-183 |
TO_SINGLE_BYTE ........................................................................................................................ |
6-184 |
viii
TO_TIMESTAMP .......................................................................................................................... |
6-185 |
TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ ................................................................................................................... |
6-186 |
TO_YMINTERVAL ....................................................................................................................... |
6-187 |
TRANSLATE ................................................................................................................................... |
6-188 |
TRANSLATE ... USING ................................................................................................................ |
6-189 |
TREAT .............................................................................................................................................. |
6-191 |
TRIM ................................................................................................................................................ |
6-192 |
TRUNC (number) .......................................................................................................................... |
6-194 |
TRUNC (date) ................................................................................................................................. |
6-194 |
TZ_OFFSET ..................................................................................................................................... |
6-195 |
UID ................................................................................................................................................... |
6-196 |
UNISTR ........................................................................................................................................... |
6-196 |
UPDATEXML ................................................................................................................................. |
6-197 |
UPPER .............................................................................................................................................. |
6-199 |
USER ................................................................................................................................................ |
6-199 |
USERENV ........................................................................................................................................ |
6-200 |
VALUE .............................................................................................................................................. |
6-202 |
VAR_POP ........................................................................................................................................ |
6-202 |
VAR_SAMP ..................................................................................................................................... |
6-204 |
VARIANCE ..................................................................................................................................... |
6-206 |
VSIZE ............................................................................................................................................... |
6-207 |
WIDTH_BUCKET .......................................................................................................................... |
6-208 |
XMLAGG ......................................................................................................................................... |
6-210 |
XMLCOLATTVAL .......................................................................................................................... |
6-212 |
XMLCONCAT ................................................................................................................................. |
6-213 |
XMLELEMENT ............................................................................................................................... |
6-214 |
XMLFOREST ................................................................................................................................... |
6-217 |
XMLSEQUENCE............................................................................................................................. |
6-218 |
XMLTRANSFORM......................................................................................................................... |
6-219 |
ROUND and TRUNC Date Functions........................................................................................ |
6-221 |
User-Defined Functions ................................................................................................................ |
6-222 |
7 Common SQL DDL Clauses
allocate_extent_clause........................................................................................................................ |
7-2 |
constraints ........................................................................................................................................... |
7-5 |
ix
deallocate_unused_clause................................................................................................................. |
7-37 |
file_specification ............................................................................................................................... |
7-39 |
logging_clause .................................................................................................................................... |
7-45 |
parallel_clause ................................................................................................................................... |
7-49 |
physical_attributes_clause............................................................................................................... |
7-52 |
storage_clause .................................................................................................................................... |
7-56 |
8 SQL Queries and Subqueries
About Queries and Subqueries ....................................................................................................... |
8-2 |
Creating Simple Queries .................................................................................................................. |
8-2 |
Hierarchical Queries .......................................................................................................................... |
8-3 |
The UNION [ALL], INTERSECT, MINUS Operators ................................................................. |
8-7 |
Sorting Query Results ..................................................................................................................... |
8-10 |
Joins .................................................................................................................................................... |
8-10 |
Using Subqueries.............................................................................................................................. |
8-13 |
Unnesting of Nested Subqueries .................................................................................................. |
8-15 |
Selecting from the DUAL Table .................................................................................................... |
8-16 |
Distributed Queries ......................................................................................................................... |
8-16 |
9 SQL Statements: ALTER CLUSTER to ALTER SEQUENCE
Types of SQL Statements .................................................................................................................. |
9-2 |
Organization of SQL Statements .................................................................................................... |
9-4 |
ALTER CLUSTER .............................................................................................................................. |
9-6 |
ALTER DATABASE ......................................................................................................................... |
9-11 |
ALTER DIMENSION ...................................................................................................................... |
9-56 |
ALTER FUNCTION ......................................................................................................................... |
9-59 |
ALTER INDEX .................................................................................................................................. |
9-62 |
ALTER INDEXTYPE ........................................................................................................................ |
9-85 |
ALTER JAVA ..................................................................................................................................... |
9-87 |
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW ................................................................................................... |
9-90 |
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG ....................................................................................... |
9-110 |
ALTER OPERATOR ....................................................................................................................... |
9-117 |
ALTER OUTLINE .......................................................................................................................... |
9-118 |
ALTER PACKAGE ......................................................................................................................... |
9-120 |
ALTER PROCEDURE ................................................................................................................... |
9-124 |
x
ALTER PROFILE ............................................................................................................................ |
9-127 |
ALTER RESOURCE COST .......................................................................................................... |
9-131 |
ALTER ROLE .................................................................................................................................. |
9-134 |
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT ................................................................................................ |
9-136 |
ALTER SEQUENCE ....................................................................................................................... |
9-140 |
10 SQL Statements: ALTER SESSION to ALTER SYSTEM
ALTER SESSION ............................................................................................................................. |
10-2 |
ALTER SYSTEM ............................................................................................................................ |
10-20 |
11 SQL Statements: ALTER TABLE to ALTER TABLESPACE
ALTER TABLE .................................................................................................................................. |
11-2 |
ALTER TABLESPACE ................................................................................................................. |
11-102 |
12 SQL Statements: ALTER TRIGGER to COMMIT
ALTER TRIGGER ............................................................................................................................ |
12-2 |
ALTER TYPE ..................................................................................................................................... |
12-6 |
ALTER USER .................................................................................................................................. |
12-22 |
ALTER VIEW .................................................................................................................................. |
12-31 |
ANALYZE ........................................................................................................................................ |
12-34 |
ASSOCIATE STATISTICS ........................................................................................................... |
12-50 |
AUDIT .............................................................................................................................................. |
12-54 |
CALL ................................................................................................................................................ |
12-68 |
COMMENT ..................................................................................................................................... |
12-72 |
COMMIT ......................................................................................................................................... |
12-75 |
13 SQL Statements: CREATE CLUSTER to CREATE JAVA
CREATE CLUSTER .......................................................................................................................... |
13-2 |
CREATE CONTEXT ...................................................................................................................... |
13-12 |
CREATE CONTROLFILE ............................................................................................................. |
13-15 |
CREATE DATABASE .................................................................................................................... |
13-23 |
CREATE DATABASE LINK ......................................................................................................... |
13-37 |
CREATE DIMENSION ................................................................................................................. |
13-43 |
CREATE DIRECTORY .................................................................................................................. |
13-49 |
CREATE FUNCTION .................................................................................................................... |
13-52 |
xi
|
CREATE INDEX ............................................................................................................................. |
13-65 |
|
CREATE INDEXTYPE ................................................................................................................... |
13-95 |
|
CREATE JAVA ................................................................................................................................. |
13-98 |
14 |
SQL Statements: CREATE LIBRARY to CREATE SPFILE |
|
|
CREATE LIBRARY .......................................................................................................................... |
14-2 |
|
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW ................................................................................................ |
14-5 |
|
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG .................................................................................... |
14-34 |
|
CREATE OPERATOR .................................................................................................................... |
14-44 |
|
CREATE OUTLINE ........................................................................................................................ |
14-48 |
|
CREATE PACKAGE ...................................................................................................................... |
14-52 |
|
CREATE PACKAGE BODY ......................................................................................................... |
14-57 |
|
CREATE PFILE ............................................................................................................................... |
14-62 |
|
CREATE PROCEDURE ................................................................................................................. |
14-64 |
|
CREATE PROFILE ......................................................................................................................... |
14-71 |
|
CREATE ROLE ............................................................................................................................... |
14-79 |
|
CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT .............................................................................................. |
14-82 |
|
CREATE SCHEMA ........................................................................................................................ |
14-86 |
|
CREATE SEQUENCE .................................................................................................................... |
14-89 |
|
CREATE SPFILE ............................................................................................................................. |
14-94 |
15 SQL Statements: CREATE SYNONYM to CREATE TRIGGER |
|
|
|
CREATE SYNONYM ....................................................................................................................... |
15-2 |
|
CREATE TABLE ............................................................................................................................... |
15-7 |
|
CREATE TABLESPACE ................................................................................................................ |
15-80 |
|
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE ..................................................................................... |
15-92 |
|
CREATE TRIGGER ....................................................................................................................... |
15-95 |
16 SQL Statements: CREATE TYPE to DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT |
|
|
|
CREATE TYPE .................................................................................................................................. |
16-3 |
|
CREATE TYPE BODY ................................................................................................................... |
16-25 |
|
CREATE USER ................................................................................................................................ |
16-32 |
|
CREATE VIEW ............................................................................................................................... |
16-39 |
|
DELETE ............................................................................................................................................ |
16-55 |
|
DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS .................................................................................................... |
16-64 |
xii
DROP CLUSTER ........................................................................................................................... |
16-67 |
DROP CONTEXT .......................................................................................................................... |
16-69 |
DROP DATABASE LINK ............................................................................................................. |
16-70 |
DROP DIMENSION ..................................................................................................................... |
16-72 |
DROP DIRECTORY ...................................................................................................................... |
16-74 |
DROP FUNCTION ........................................................................................................................ |
16-75 |
DROP INDEX ................................................................................................................................. |
16-77 |
DROP INDEXTYPE ....................................................................................................................... |
16-79 |
DROP JAVA .................................................................................................................................... |
16-81 |
DROP LIBRARY ............................................................................................................................ |
16-83 |
DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW ................................................................................................... |
16-84 |
DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG ........................................................................................ |
16-86 |
DROP OPERATOR ........................................................................................................................ |
16-88 |
DROP OUTLINE ........................................................................................................................... |
16-90 |
DROP PACKAGE .......................................................................................................................... |
16-91 |
DROP PROCEDURE ..................................................................................................................... |
16-93 |
DROP PROFILE ............................................................................................................................. |
16-95 |
DROP ROLE ................................................................................................................................... |
16-97 |
DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT .................................................................................................. |
16-98 |
17 SQL Statements: DROP SEQUENCE to ROLLBACK
DROP SEQUENCE .......................................................................................................................... |
17-2 |
DROP SYNONYM ........................................................................................................................... |
17-4 |
DROP TABLE ................................................................................................................................... |
17-6 |
DROP TABLESPACE .................................................................................................................... |
17-10 |
DROP TRIGGER ........................................................................................................................... |
17-13 |
DROP TYPE .................................................................................................................................... |
17-15 |
DROP TYPE BODY ....................................................................................................................... |
17-18 |
DROP USER ................................................................................................................................... |
17-20 |
DROP VIEW ................................................................................................................................... |
17-22 |
EXPLAIN PLAN ............................................................................................................................. |
17-24 |
GRANT ............................................................................................................................................ |
17-29 |
INSERT ............................................................................................................................................ |
17-53 |
LOCK TABLE .................................................................................................................................. |
17-73 |
MERGE ............................................................................................................................................ |
17-77 |
xiii
NOAUDIT ........................................................................................................................................ |
17-81 |
RENAME ......................................................................................................................................... |
17-86 |
REVOKE .......................................................................................................................................... |
17-88 |
ROLLBACK ..................................................................................................................................... |
17-99 |
18 SQL Statements: SAVEPOINT to UPDATE
SAVEPOINT ...................................................................................................................................... |
18-2 |
SELECT .............................................................................................................................................. |
18-4 |
SET CONSTRAINT[S] .................................................................................................................. |
18-45 |
SET ROLE ........................................................................................................................................ |
18-47 |
SET TRANSACTION .................................................................................................................... |
18-50 |
TRUNCATE ..................................................................................................................................... |
18-54 |
UPDATE ........................................................................................................................................... |
18-59 |
AHow to Read Syntax Diagrams
BOracle and Standard SQL
COracle Reserved Words
DExamples
Using Extensible Indexing .............................................................................................................. |
D-2 |
Using XML in SQL Statements ..................................................................................................... |
D-11 |
Index
xiv