Objectivesj i

After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the following:

•• Discussi thet theoreticalt r ti l and physicali l aspectsts off a relationalr l ti l databaset

•• Describeri thet Oracler le implementationi l t ti off thet

RDBMS and ORDBMS

•• Describeri how SQL and PL/SQL/ arere used inin thet Oracler le productr t sett

•• Describeri thet use and benefitsfits off PL/SQL/

I-2

System Developmentl Lifei Cyclele

Strategy

and

Analysis

Design

Build

and

Document

Transition

Production

I-3

Data Storage on Differenti Mediaia

Database

I-5

Relationall i l Database Concept

•• Drr.. E.. F.. Codd proposedr thet relationalr l ti l modell forf r databaset systemst inin 1970..

•• ItIt isis thet basisis forf r thet relationalr l ti l databaset managementt systemt (RDBMS)( )..

•• The relationalr l ti l modell consistsi ts off thet following:f ll i :

–– Collectionll ti off objectsj ts orr relationsr l ti

–– Sett off operatorsr t rs toto actt on thet relationsr l ti

–– Datata integrityi t rity forf r accuracyr and consistencyi t

I-6

Relationall i l Database Definitioni i i

A relational database is a collection of relations or two-dimensional tables.

Database

I-7

Data Modelsls

Tables on disk

I-8

Entityi Relationshipl i ip Modell

•• Creater te an entitytity relationshipr l ti ip diagrami r fromfr businessi specificationsifi ti orr narrativesrr ti

•• Scenariorio

–– ““.. .. ..Assigni one orr morere employeesl toto a departmentrt t .. .. ..””

–– ““.. .. .. Some departmentsrt ts do nott yett have assignedi employeesl .. .. ..””

I-9

Entityi Relationshipl i ip Modelingli Conventionsi

Unique Identifier (UID)

Primary marked with “#”

Secondary marked with “(#)”

I-10

Entityi Relationshipl i ip Modelingli Conventionsi

Unique Identifier (UID)

Primary marked with “#”

Secondary marked with “(#)”

I-11

Relationall i l Database Terminologyi l

I-12