- •Английский для бакалавров Учебное пособие
- •Часть II
- •Тульский государственный университет
- •300600, Г. Тула, просп. Ленина, 92
- •300600, Г. Тула, ул. Болдина, 151.
- •Contents
- •Предисловие
- •Грамматический материал
- •Verbals. The participle неличные формы глагола. Причастие
- •The Participle. Причастие
- •Глагольные свойства причастия
- •Синтаксические функции причастий и способы их перевода
- •Определение
- •2. Обстоятельство (часто в сочетании с союзами when, while, if)
- •Часть сказуемого
- •Сложные формы Participle I
- •Participle constructions. Причастные обороты
- •The Objective Participle Construction. Объектный причастный оборот
- •The Absolute Participle Construction. Независимый (самостоятельный) причастный оборот
- •Заметьте!
- •Обратите внимание на перевод
- •Text a. The birth of electrical engineering
- •Александр николаевич лодыгин (1847-1923)
- •Павел николаевич яблочков (1847—1894)
- •Text b. Electronics in the industrial age
- •Text c. The information age
- •Word combinations
- •To be proud of
- •To be famous for
- •To be of great interest (for)
- •The tula kremlin
- •The city receives honour to its resistance to nazis
- •Do you know that …
- •Dialogues
- •A. What should you do if you don’t know how to get to some place?
- •Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the Museum of Arms?
- •II. Complete the dialogues
- •Именные свойства герундия
- •Функции герундия
- •The gerundial construction. Герундиальный оборот
- •The gerund and the participle. Сравнение герундия и причастия
- •Text a. The internet
- •Text b. The language of computers
- •Internet tv
- •Text c. Socializing on the internet
- •Text d. The pros and cons of the internet
- •A visit to moscow
- •Dialogues
- •Moscow, the heart of russia
- •Грамматический материал the infinitive. Инфинитив
- •Функции и способы переводы инфинитива
- •Запомните устойчивые словосочетания с инфинитивом:
- •Запомните следующие предложения:
- •The infinitive constructions
- •1. The Objective Infinitive Construction. Объектный инфинитивный оборот.
- •2. The Subjective Infinitive Construction. Субъектный инфинитивный оборот.
- •Text a. What is a star?
- •Text b. Space exploration
- •Why does an astronaut need a space suit?
- •Text с. The last man to discover a planet
- •Copernicus
- •Johannes kepler
- •На орбите - британская леди
- •Geographical Position and Physical Features
- •State system
- •The russian federation
- •State system of the russian federation
- •Dialogues
- •The shape of the Earth.
- •Грамматический материал conditional sentences. Условные предложения
- •Инверсия (обратный порядок слов) в придаточных предложениях условия
- •Wish clauses. Предложения, выражающие нереальное желание
- •The subjunctive mood. Сослагательное наклонение
- •Text a. Realms of engineering
- •Text b.
- •Text c. From the history of architecture
- •III. Make up the plan of the text. Retell the text according to your plan using the keywords. Text d. Concrete facts
- •The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- •British political system
- •Birmingham
- •Manchester
- •Bristol
- •Dialogues
- •The Complex Sentences. Сложноподчиненные предложения
- •Types of Clauses. Типы придаточных предложений
- •The Subject Clauses. Придаточные предложения-подлежащие
- •The Predicative Clauses. Придаточные предложения-сказуемые
- •The Object Clauses. Придаточные дополнительные предложения
- •The Attributive Clauses. Придаточные определительные предложения
- •The Adverbial Clauses. Придаточные обстоятельственные предложения
- •Text a. A healthy you can cope with work stress
- •Text b. The nutritional aspects of stress management
- •Text c. There are many kinds of food
- •To electronics and medicine
- •A visit to a dietitian
- •Questions
- •The capital of great britain
- •Buckingham palace
- •Dialogues
- •Proverbs and Sayings
- •Texts for supplementary reading Text 1. Marie curie and the discovery of radium
- •Text 2. Is it possible to make predictions?
- •Text 3. Nano-technology and micro-electro-mechanical systems (mems) – systems of systems
- •Text 4. Wandering continents
- •Text 5. Our solar family
- •The planets
- •Text 6. The “old lady” of the universe
- •Text 7. What size collision formed the moon?
- •Text 8. The a to z of astronomy
- •Text 9. Views of universe
- •Text 10. London bridge
- •Text 11. Why does frozen food keep well?
- •Text 12. You can’t live without it
- •Text 13. Canned food
- •Text 14. The beatles
- •Text 15. Rock’n’roll & beatlemania
- •Literature
Text b. The language of computers
Fifty years ago, people hadn’t even heard of computers, and today we cannot imagine life without them.
Computer technology is the fastest-growing industry in the world. The first computer was the size of a minibus and weighed a ton. Today, a chip the size of a pinhead can do its job. And the revolution is still going on.
Very soon we’ll have computers that we’ll wear on our wrists or even in our glasses and earrings. Such wearable computers are being developed in the USA.
Japan’s biggest mobile-phone company has just released its cleverest product so far, the I-mode, a mobile phone that allows you to surf the Internet as well as make calls. People are already using the phone to check the news headlines, follow the stock market and download the latest jokes. Soon they will be able to buy cinema tickets and manage their bank accounts.
The next generation of computers will be able to talk and even think for themselves. They will contain electronic “neural networks”. Of course, they’ll be still a lot simpler than human brains, but it will be a great step forward. Such computers will help to diagnose illnesses, find minerals, understand and control the world’s money markets, identify criminals and control space travel.
Computer revolution is changing our life and our language, too. We are constantly making up new words or giving new meanings to old ones. Most of computer terms are born in Silicon Valley, the world’s top computer-science centre.
Read the text ‘The Language of Computers’ without a dictionary. Try to understand it.
ARE YOU PART OF COMPUTER REVOLUTION?
Do the following tasks and find out.
A. Choose an answer – a) or b).
A mouse is
a small furry animal with a long tail;
b) a small box used to operate a computer.
To surf is
to ride on a board on the waves of the sea;
b) to move around the Internet.
A bug is
a small insect;
b) an error in a computer programme.
A flame is
a red or yellow burning gas seen when something is on fire;
b) an unfriendly or rude e-mail.
To boot is
to kick;
b) to start a computer.
A geek [gi:k] is
someone who bites off the heads of alive chickens as part of a show;
b) a person who knows everything about computers.
B. Choose an answer – a), b) or c).
What do you use a modem for?
to print a document;
b) to play music on your computer;
c) to send messages along a telephone line.
What do you use when you want to look for sites on the world wide web?
a browser;
b) a CD ROM;
c) a printer.
What can you use the Internet for?
to delete a file from your computer;
b) to help you find information and communicate with people;
c) to make your computer work faster.
What do you use a scanner for?
to transfer photos and texts to your computer;
b) to find certain files on the Internet;
c) to clean your computer.
How much is a gigabyte?
1,000 megabytes;
b) 100 megabytes;
c) 1000 bytes.
C. Match the words (or phrases) with the definitions.
chat room
e-commerce
joystick
cyberspace
desktop
multitasking
the ability of a computer to run several programmes at once;
b) the screen you see after you’ve switched your computer;
c) an area on the Internet where people can communicate with each other in “real time”;
d) the business of buying and selling goods and services on the Internet;
e) a stick which helps you move in computer games;
f) the imaginary place where electronic messages, information pictures, etc. exist when they are sent from one computer to another.
D. True or False?
1. When you use the Internet, you need a computer, a radio and a phone line.
2. You can use the Internet to read newspapers and magazines.
3. You cannot use the Internet to play videogames.
4. The Internet can help you to do shopping.
5. You can use the Internet to “chat” with people and make new friends.
6. You need a CD to send e-mail.
7. Multimedia pages with pictures, music and video make downloading slow.
E. Do this puzzle and you’ll read the name of one of the most successful computer companies.
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
This small box is used to operate a computer.
A document on your computer.
A device, which is used to transfer photos and texts to your computer.
To make a computer better or able to do more things.
This looks like a typewriter and has the keys you need to press.
It can be hard or floppy.
A device, which allows your computer to send messages along a telephone line.
An unfriendly or rude e-mail.
To start a computer.
F. Complete the sentences by using the following words:
web, information, interactive, e-mail, on-screen, chat, PC, generation, video.