основы горного дела(открытые работы) / togr_07_gmz
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(. 1.4. $! : – ;– ; – ; 1 – ;
2, 3 – ; 4, 5 –
; 6 –
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1.3. "
(. 1.5. )
8: [4, . 26–27].
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! $ , 2
2.
- $ : ! : -
! !, ./!
! ! -.
2.1.-
! ( ")
, !, - -
, ! -
! ! .
& -
-! , -
, /,
! 35 45°.
) (β() !
! !: - -
, ! ! 10
20–25°.
! , !
( ! )
.
&" ( )
(!. ) ! ! - - (!. . 1.4).
:
./! !;
./! ;
!;
;
! ;
;
! .
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2.2. ' ./!
!
$ $ " " , !:
m = M / sin(α , ), |
(2.1) |
' – ! !- |
!, !; |
α , – !, .
6 / # &d,
! 30 !. 2 ! ! -
- ! !- , . :
m ≤ Bd ≥ 30. |
(2.2) |
& , m ≥ 30 !,
! !- &d = m .
2 " " ! & $ $ " "
", !3: |
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V , = A T / ρ , , |
(2.3) |
5 – !- , / ; + – ! -
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, ; ρ , – |
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! |
(ρ ,=1,35), /!3. |
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/ $ $ " " - |
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V 4 = A T k,4, |
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(2.4) |
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k,4 – 2 " |
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! |
(k,4=0,95-0,97). |
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2 / & ! , |
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!3: |
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V& = V 4 ( . |
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(2.5) |
( – 2 " , !3/ .
6 - -
. !:
!, !3/ :
V = A / = , , |
(2.6) |
( - ), !3/ : |
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V& = A K+ , |
(2.7) |
+ – - 2 " ( + > (), !3/ .
8: [6, . 10–20].
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! $ , 3
% & " " " &
- $ : !
.
3.
3.1. -
& , - - ! !, ! : - ! ! σ$7=40 ' ,
! ! -
σ$7=40–80 ' ! σ$7=80–100 ' .
! -
.
! -
- :
, -
!;
- ! ;
,
- ;
2 ! .
3.2.) &&
3 ' & ( - ) - ! - ! && ( ),
1 !3 .
&. 3.1–3.4 ! -
&&.
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+ " 3.1
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& ! |
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$! |
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σ$7, ' |
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I |
40 |
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II |
40-60 |
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III |
60-80 |
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IV |
80-100 |
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! - |
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V |
100 |
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' ' |
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de = 0,02 σ$7 , |
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(3.1) |
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σ$7 – ! , ' |
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' # $ ' , !: |
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d$( = |
5 d d |
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5 d + q d |
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d – ! ( . 3.2), !; de – !
, !; q – &&,/!3.
$ " :
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Z = 1+ |
de2 |
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(3.3) |
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E0,25 + K |
&& |
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E – |
! ! |
2 ( . 4.5–4.6), !3; |
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– |
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2 " |
2 |
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( . 3.4). |
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3 ' & , /!3: |
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15 |
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q = |
5000 KBB K& 3 ?$7 (Z −1) |
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(3.4) |
σ$7 (705 − 968 d − 1,5 : + 0,6 H) ) |
& – 2 " / ( &=1,
); Z – "
; β – ( . 3.3), ; 3) – (! (4.2)), !.
+ " 3.2 ( " ! , !
& ! |
&! ! 2, ! |
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5 |
8 – 10 |
12 – 15 |
20 – 30 |
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σ$7, ' |
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40 |
0,216-0,269 |
0,244-0,269 0,269-0,320 0,320-0,380 |
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40-60 |
0,216-0,269 |
0,244-0,269 0,269-0,320 0,320-0,380 |
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60-80 |
0,160-0,244 |
0,244-0,269 |
0,244-0,320 |
0,269-0,320 |
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80-100 |
0,160-0,244 |
0,216-0,269 |
0,244-0,269 |
0,269-0,320 |
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100 |
0,160-0,244 |
0,216-0,269 |
0,244-0,269 |
0,269-0,320 |
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) ! ! -
-! ! ( . 3.3).
+ " 3.3
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2$01-200- 5$01-200- $01-250- $01-320- |
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55 |
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6 ! , ! |
215,9; 244,5 |
215,9 |
244,5; 269,9 |
320 |
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50-120 |
50-120 |
50-120 |
50-120 |
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! , ' |
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32 |
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6 , ! |
8 |
9,6 |
10 |
17,5 |
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60; 75; 90 |
60; 75; 90 |
60; 75; 90 |
90 |
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β,
+ - ! ! -
. 3.4.
+ " 3.4
& - , !
)-!&& |
& ! ,' |
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$ |
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! |
ρ&&, |
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! |
ρ&&, |
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3 |
&& |
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3 |
&& |
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/! |
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/! |
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' |
950 |
1,12 |
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900 |
1,13 |
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5$-4 |
850 |
0,98 |
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$ -1000 |
1250 |
1,29 |
120 |
5$-8 |
950 |
0,89 |
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$ -1200 |
1300 |
1,30 |
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$-6' |
950 |
1,11 |
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2! 1-' |
1250 |
1,25 |
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!! 79/21* |
900 |
1,00 |
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$ |
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82/18 |
900 |
0,99 |
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!! 30/70 |
950 |
1,13 |
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, +-60 |
1500 |
1,10 |
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!! 50/50 |
950 |
1,01 |
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, +-20 |
1360 |
1,20 |
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120 |
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1000 |
1,20 |
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, +-80 |
1550 |
1,08 |
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5 ! |
1000 |
0,83 |
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5 +-20 |
1350 |
1,20 |
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5$6-' |
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2! 4-A |
1300 |
1,28 |
120 |
5$-4& |
950 |
0,89 |
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2! 1-' |
1250 |
1,25 |
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5$-8& |
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$ -1000 |
1250 |
1,29 |
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/ |
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1000 |
1,20 |
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$ -1200 |
1300 |
1,30 |
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1000 |
1,20 |
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10-& |
1580 |
1,39 |
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5 ! |
1000 |
0,83 |
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15-+ |
1550 |
1,42 |
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120 |
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, +-20 |
1360 |
1,20 |
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, +-60 |
1500 |
1,10 |
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, +-80 |
1550 |
1,08 |
!: * – 2 &&; ρ&& – &&, /!3;&& – 2 " 2 .
&&
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! ! -
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! (σ$7) ! -
&&.
3.3. !
( !
" # + (!) ( . 3.1):
L |
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= |
3) |
+ l , |
(3.5) |
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$ & |
sin β |
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l – , !. |
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l = 3 d 0,02 σ$7 = 0,06 d σ$7 . |
(3.6) |
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/ " $ , !: |
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l&& = L$ & − l450, |
(3.7) |
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l 450 – , !:
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+ 11,3 d0,75 d−0,5 |
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l |
450 |
= l |
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ρ |
&& |
/1000 , |
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e |
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ρ&& – &&, /!3 ( . 3.4). |
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4 + " $ , : |
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Q$ & = P l45( , |
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(3.9) |
P – ! ! 1 ! , . |
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P = 0,25 π d2 ρ |
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+ # + #, !:
a = |
m Q$ & |
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(3.11) |
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q H)
m – 2 " . m = 0,85 + 0,3 de .
+ # +, !:
b = a . m
(3.12)
(3.13)
. ! + !
" ! !, . .
n = |
A0&( |
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(3.14) |
P |
b |
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50&( – , !.
3 / # $ ' $& !
2 :
18
50&( ≈ 5# = (1,5 ÷1,7) R 9) , |
(3.15) |
5# – 2 (! |
(4.3)), !; |
R9) – 2 ( . 4.5– 4.6), !.
5 / # # ( . 3.1, |
, ), |
!: |
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W = b . |
(3.16) |
$ , !: |
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b = 3) (ctgα ) − ctgα), |
(3.17) |
α, α) – ,
(α=75°, α)=60°), .
&! -
( -
! ) ! -
(b =3!), . . ! [7]:
b ≥ 3. |
(3.18) |
" ! -
!, & " ' 1 +, !3/!:
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η = |
a b H) |
. |
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(3.19) |
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L$ & |
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' , !: |
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L |
6 |
= 4395 d − 238 − 22,3 d1,14 |
σ |
$7 |
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(3.20) |
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" : |
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m = 50&( / &( . |
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(3.21) |
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&( – ( B( = 2 5# ), !.
! ", !
! !
( . 3.1 ).
& , !:
h |
(i) |
= H |
) |
(1 − x)(1−m)2 |
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(3.22) |
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x – c (x=0–1,0).
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