- •The citadel
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Find in the text the English for:
- •3. Recast the following sentences, using nouns with "-ness" instead of the words in bold type. Make all other necessary changes.
- •4. In the following groups of sentences compare the meaning of the verbs in bold type. Translate the sentences into Russian. Give your own examples.
- •5. Translate the following sentences using "once".
- •6. Complete the following sentences according to the model. Give the meaning of won’t/wouldn’t. Suggest your own examples.
- •7. Use constructions with "won't" ("wouldn't") instead of words in bold type. Make other necessary changes.
- •8. Translate the following sentences using "won't" /wouldn't".
- •9. Study the following phrases. Use them to make sentences of your own.
- •10. Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs:
- •11. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word in the correct form. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •12. Paraphrase the following, using words and. Word combinations given below. Make all necessary changes.
- •Speech exercises
- •14. Read and retell the text. How we kept mother’s day
- •Summing up
- •15. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to the vocabulary of the lesson. The same words can be used in different meanings. Use a dictionary if necessary.
- •16. Translate the sentences into English using the vocabulary of the lesson. You also may use a dictionary if necessary.
- •17. Make up a story using the meaning of one of the proverbs.
- •18. Subjects for oral and written composition:
Vocabulary
belong vi 1. принадлежать (быть собственностью) Everything in our country belongs to the people. 2. принадлежать, быть членом (общества, клуба, семьи и т. п.) What sport club do you belong to?
close a 1. близкий a close friend (relative, contact, etc.) 2. пристальный, тщательный a close look (translation, etc.); close adv близко, рядом He sat close to the window. closely adv пристально, внимательно, тщательно to read (watch, examine, study, etc.) smth closely
accident n 1. несчастный случай, катастрофа, авария Не was badly hurt in a railway accident. Phr. meet with (have) an accident попасть в катастрофу, потерпеть аварию 2. случай, случайность I met him quite by accident. accidentally adv случайно, нечаянно
stick (stuck) 1. vi (lit. & fig.) застревать Their car got stuck in the mud. The words stuck in her throat. 2. vt наклеивать, приклеивать You must stick a stamp on the letter before you post it. Phr. stick to the word (friends), one's principles, etc.) быть верным слову (друзьям), придерживаться принципов и т. п.
waste vt тратить (попусту, зря) to waste time (money, energy, words, etc.) on smb/smth waste n пустая трата (времени, денег и т. п.) It's (a) waste of time arguing (to argue) with him.
repair vt ремонтировать, чинить to repair a car (a watch, a road, a house, etc.); The car is under repair = The car is being repaired. The shop is closed for repairs.
care n 1. внимание, осторожность You should do your work with care. Take care not to break the glass. 2. забота, попечение, ответственность The children were left in (under) our care when their parents went away on a holiday. Phr. take care of smb/smth (по)заботиться о; присматривать за кем-л/чем-л to take care of one's family (one's children, one's parents, one's/smb's health; the tickets, one's luggage, etc.); care vt/vi 1. проявлять интерес, не быть безразличным; быть склонным, хотеть (чаще употребляется в отриц. и вопр. контексте) I don't care what they say behind my back. She does not seem to care about anything. I don't much care about going there now. Would you care to see the new film? 2. любить, нравиться, увлекаться (чаще употреб. в отриц. контексте) I don't think she really cares for him. He does not care for meat.
habit n привычка a good (bad, strange, old, harmful, etc.) habit; There are many things that you do from habit. Phr. be in the habit of doing smth иметь обыкновение что-л делать; get into the habit of doing smth приобрести привычку
speed n скорость, быстрота Не drove the car at a speed of one hundred kilometres an hour. Phr. at full speed полным ходом; на полной скорости; with lightning speed с быстротой молнии, молниеносно; speed-limit n дозволенная скорость; speed (sped) 1. vi спешить, идти поспешно; мчаться (о машине) The car sped past. 2. speed up ускорять (работу, производство и т. п.) to speed up work (production, etc.)
insist vt настаивать, утверждать Don’t agree unless he insists. She insisted that she was right. He insisted that the work should be done immediately; insist on smth (doing smth); insistence (insistency) n настойчивость; insistent a настойчивый an insistent visitor (order, etc.)
worry vt/vi беспокоить(ся), волновать(ся) Don’t worry him with your questions. Don’t worry! Everything will be all right; worry about sb/smth; He was worried by the news.
deliver vt 1. доставлять, вручать (почту и т. п.) deliver smth to sb; deliver letters (parcels, goods, railway tickets, etc.) 2. произносить (торжественно) to deliver a speech (an invitation, etc.); to deliver a lecture (a report, etc.) прочесть лекцию (доклад и т. п.) delivery n поставка, доставка
obey vt слушаться, повиноваться, подчиняться to obey smb (smb's orders, smb's instructions, etc.); (dis)obedience n (не)послушание, (не)повиновение, (dis)obedient а (не)послушный, (не)покорный а (dis)obedient child, etc.; to be (dis)obedient to smb
point vt показывать, указывать to point at (to) smth/smb; to point out smb's mistakes (faults, etc.); He pointed out that the task was very important, point n 1. пункт, вопрос We have got some points to discuss. Phr. point of view=viewpoint 2. главное, основное, суть; смысл the point of a story (a speech, a joke, an argument, etc.); His answer was not to the point. There is no point in arguing. Phr. come to the point дойти до главного, до сути дела; be on the point of doing smth собираться сделать что-н; pointless a бессмысленный, бесцельный pointless talk (argument, etc.)
run (ran, run) 1. vi работать (о механизме, машине) I dropped my watch and it does not run. 2. vi ходить, курсировать (о транспорте) Bus 27 does not run here. Phr. run smb down сбить кого-л (машиной); run smb over задавить кого-л (машиной); 3. vt вести, управлять, возглавлять to run a factory (a farm, a picture-gallery, etc.)
WORD COMBINATIONS
stretch out one’s arm (hand) протянуть руку
slow down замедлить ход (темп и т. п.)
pull up (at the door, gate, etc.) остановиться у, подъехать к (подъезду и т.п.)
like herrings in a tin как сельди в бочке
in the name of (smb) от имени (кого-л)
break down сломаться, выйти из строя (о машине, механизме)
put smth right исправить что-л
go wrong 1. испортиться (о механизме и т.п.); 2. провалиться (о планах и т.п.); выйти, получиться не так (как было задумано)
tear oneself away (from) оторваться (от)
be in high (low) spirits быть в приподнятом (подавленном) настроении
a coat of paint (dust, etc.) слой краски (пыли и т. п.)
be at a loss быть в недоумении, растеряться
after all тем не менее, все же, в конце концов
