Вариант № 4

I. Выберите правильный ответ, обращая внимание на видовременную форму и залог сказуемого, и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.1. A team of accountants … now at bringing the company’s accounts to a

balance.

1. works

2. is working

3. will be working

1.2. Specialists say that one day all the data of invoices, shipping documents and

other documents … in computer form.

1. will be provided

2. will provide

3. are provided

1.3. Yesterday we … your account with 200 US dollars.

1. were credited

2. have credited

3. credited

1.4. Bonds … for a fixed period, usually from 15 years up.

1. issued

2. are issued

3. are issuing

1.5. Turnover … by 5 per cent this year.

1. had increased

2. is increasing

3. has increased

II. Выберите правильный ответ, обращая внимание на модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

2.1. Usually importers … first obtain an import licence.

1. may

2. was to

3. must

2.2. After financial crises the government … take special decisions to achieve a

balanced economy.

1. will have to

2. may

3. was allowed to

2.3. If prices change, the consumer … change the quantities demanded if he

wants to maintain his budget at the same level.

1. was able to

2. will have to

3. has to

2.4. Everyone … find himself in one of the situations: employed, or

unemployed, or out of the labour force.

1. has to

2. can

3. are able to

2.5. Our enterprise is too big we … locate it in the city centre.

1. will not be able to

2. couldn’t

3. were not allowed to

III. Выпишите предложения, в которых причастие I является определением, и переведите их на русский язык.

3.1. An increasing concern has been expressed about the continued growth in world

population.

3.2. The unemployment is growing too rapidly for labour markets to be in

equilibrium.

3.3. Varying input, the firm can vary output.

3.4. People working in their own businesses should calculate the cost of their own

time spent in running the business.

3.5. The dollar is constantly fluctuating.

IV. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст, затем выполните тест по тексту: management

Management is the art of getting things done through other people. It includes the personnel who have the right to make decisions that influence company's affairs.

The main thing is to get a result. In summary, a manager is anyone, at any level of the organization, who directs the efforts of other people wherever a group of people work together to achieve results, a manager is usually present. A manager is the catalyst who makes things happen.

There are three management levels: top management, middle management and operating management. Top management includes the president, vice presidents, and the general manager. Middle management includes department managers and plant managers. Middle managers are managers above the supervisory level but subordinate to the firm's most senior executives. Operating management includes supervisors, foremen, etc. Operating managers are persons who directly oversee the efforts of those who actually perform the work.

The most important responsibility of any manager is decision making. Most of the decisions are made by middle management. Top executives provide cross-communication throughout the company. They work out the overall strategy and make main decisions. Successful management is a skill of choosing from alternatives.

Decision makings are divided into: recognizing the problem, defining and analyzing the problem, evaluating alternative solutions, choosing the most favourable solution and implementing the approach chosen.

Management functions are planning, organizing, directing, controlling, staffing and innovating. It should be noted that successful management is based on three basic elements: leadership, motivation and communication.

To operate a successful business one should have management skills because effective management is the key to business success. In a result-oriented management the main aim is not to issue instructions but to get results. That is why a manager’s pay should be linked to the performance of the enterprise where he works. If the result is poor for a few months running a manager must leave his office. New people should come instead. It will be a natural selection of a managerial staff when people with better knowledge, more expertise and truly original thinking will come to management.