VII. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the meaning of the words in bold type.

1. There is no way in which a scientist can tell which particular atom is going to decay (розпадатися). 2. In this way the driver can change the speed of the engine. 3. There is an easier way of changing a capacitor (конденсатор). 4. Can you show me the way to the laboratory?

VIII. Render from English into Ukrainian and answer the question.

What are the earliest types of human dwellings?

When the Ice Age had passed Europe remained very cold, at least in winter, and so the people of the Old Stone Age had to find some warm and dry place to shelter from bad weather. They chose caves, dwelling places that storm and cold could not destroy. On the walls of their caves ancient people painted picture. Such decorated caves are found in Europe, Asia and Africa.

When men began to build a home for himself, caves were imitated in stone structures, trees were taken as a model for huts built of branches, skins were raised on poles and formed tents.

Primitive stone structures, huts and tents are the earliest types of human dwellings, they are lost in the prehistoric past but serve as prototypes for structures of later historic times.

IX. Arrange the following words in pairs according to the similar meaning.

A. aim, field, various, begin, completely, necessitate, production means, accelerate, power, rapid, grow, engineering.

B. different, goal, make necessary, sphere, speedy, speed up, entirely, increase, force, instruments of production, technology n, start.

X. Translate the following word-combinations into Ukrainian

a) an elaborate design; an elaborate atomic control system; an elabo­ rate choice; an elaborate guidance of a rocket; principal concern; principal purpose; versatile computers; logical choices; logical components; ingenious devices; the ingenuity of scientists.

b) To arrange work; to arrange chemical elements; to arrange figures; to bring about rocket guidance; to bring about the development of self-acting devices; to represent a machine language; to represent the results of highspeed computations.

XI. Build words according to the models and translate them into Ukrainian

Dis + verb = verb

To charge, to agree, to connect, to place, to cover

Noun + less = adjective

Life, use, penny, child, sleep, name, noise, breath, need, water, air, weight, power

Adjective + ness = noun

Weightless, useful, restless, extreme

Додаткові тексти

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The "brain" of the computer

You have seen that there are quite a few ways to get information into the computer. Once the information is there what does the computer do with it? You already know the answer: The computer process it. But how?

Instructions from the keyboard and from other forms of input - such as a program - go to the central processing unit, or CPU. The CPU interprets and follows instructions, and sends the results of its work to the user, to the computer's memory, or to both.

Chips, circuits and memory

Since the CPU is so important, and its speed is so remarkable, you might picture it as being very large. In fact, it can be tiny. The CPU in a microcom­puter may be no larger than a thumbnail! And since it requires so little space, it is often included in the same case as the keyboard. In a mainframe or microcomputer, the CPU is located in a separate unit, It is this unit that people in a data-processing department are talking about when they refer to "the computer".

Chips and Circuits

A chip is a thin wafer, about a quarter of an inch square, that plugs into a board in the computer. Most chips are made of silicon, which is a common, nonmetalic element found in the earth's crust, most often in sand. Because of this, they are frequently called silicon chips.

A single silicon chip can be the entire central processing unit of a micro­computer. When it is, the CPU is called a microprocessor. Even if several chips perform all the processing, the word microprocessor is often used to refer to the CPU.

Each chip has an integrated circuit. An electrical circuit, as you may know, is a path through which electricity flows. An integrated circuit consists of thousands upon thousands of tiny, interconnected electrical circuits.

You may wonder how all those circuits get on a wafer not much bigger than the head of a thumbtack. The answer is contained in a big word: miniaturization.

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