X. Group the synonyms from the following words and word-combinations, translate into Ukrainian.

mean, likewise, motion, size, combine, attain, rise, until, receive, release, be of importance, be in progress, distant a

achieve, increase, be underway, remote, get, set free, be of significance, join, dimension, movement, similarly, average, till

XI. Build nouns using the models: verb + ance, verb + ment; noun + (at)ion

to indicate, to convey, to appear, to install, to develop, to compute, to translate, to invent, to require, to base, to move to operate

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Text В

Floppy disk

By far the most common storage device used with microcomputers is the floppy disk, or diskette. A floppy disk looks like a 45-rpm phonograph record in a sealed black protective jacket. The jacket has a couple of small openings (in addition to the large spindle hole in the center) that permit the storage unit to "read" the contents of the disk. A disk is much thinner

than a record—in fact, thin enough to be flexible, or "floppy." The disk is made of silver metallized polyester, a kind of plastic, and is magnetically coated rather than grooved the way records are.

A floppy disk usually allows random access. You will remember that the letters RAM stand for "random-access memory". Just as RAM offers random access to stored data, a floppy disk allows direct access to any data stored on it Unlike sequential access, random access does not require you to go through everything previously stored.

Floppy disks come in three sizes. Many microcomputers use disks that are 5 inches in diameter. Others use an 8-inch diskette. And some newer equipment uses 3 inch disks.

In order to load the data on a disk into RAM, you need to insert the disk into a disk drive. A disk drive may be built into the computer, or it may be separate from it. The disk drive spins the floppy disk at a high speed. A "head" located inside the disk drive does one of two things. It either "reads-information already recorded or it "writes" new data onto the disk. Because the head performs both of these functions, it is often called a read/ write head.

Single disk drives, dual disk drives, and even multiple disk drives are available. One advantage of having more than one disk drive is the increase m storage capacity. You can work with more information at the same time. Another advantage is convenience: You have to do far less inserting and removing of disks than with a single disk drive.

Text C

SUPPLY

Thus far we have only spoken about the effects of prices on buyers. But it takes two parties to make a sale: buyers and sellers. To the economist, supply refers to the number of items that sellers will offer for sale at different prices at a particular time and place. A supply schedule is a table summarizing this information. Table is the supply schedule that was in effect that day in April when your friends conducted their survey. It tells us how many ice cream cones they were willing to sell the students at the prices indicated.

The Law of Supply. As the supply schedule indicates, more ice cream cones would be offered for sale at higher prices than at tower ones. This is in keeping with the law of supply, which states that sellers will offer more of a product at a higher price and less at a lower price.

Why does the quantity of a product supplied change if its price rises or fails? The answer is that producers supply things to make a profit. The higher the price, the greater the incentive to produce and sell the product. If ice cream prices around your school are high, your friends may buy a larger ice cream makers so they can produce and sell more ice cream. Additionally, if word gets out that ice cream sells for a relatively high price near your school, other vendors will be tempted to leave their present locations and come to your high school in the belief that they can make more profit.

Supply Schedule for Ice Cream Cones

Near Your School, April 1

Price Per Cone $.50 .70 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00

Quantity Supplied 50 80 128 175 235 265 300

Our supply schedule is based on holding variables other than price at some fixed or constant level. On this basis we can use the supply schedule to draw the supply curve. As in the case of demand, supply curves need not be straight lines. Unlike demand, the typical supply curve slopes upward, from left to right.

Changes in Supply. When supply changes, the entire supply curve shifts either to the right or to the left. This is simply another way of saying that sellers will be offering either more (if supply has increased) or less (if supply has decreased) of an item at every possible price. Any or all of the following changes are likely to affect the quantities supplied.