Maintaining the Junos OS

Other Junos packages exist that are not listed. The Junos packages included vary between the different Junos OS images. For a complete list of Junos packages for a specific image, use the show version detail command.

Determining the Junos OS Release

You use the show version CLI command to determine the current Junos OS Release on a device running the Junos OS. You can include the detail option to view additional details about the software packages and the processes included in the Junos OS Release. The following are some common Junos packages and a description of each:

•jkernel: The kernel and network tools package. This package contains the basic operating system files.

•jroute: The Routing Engine package. This package contains the Routing Engine software.

•jpfe: The Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) package. This package contains the PFE software.

•jdocs: The documentation package. This package contains the documentation set for the software.

•jcrypto: The encryption package. This package contains the domestic version of the security software.

SRX Series and EX Series images are platform specific, which means the image used for one platform (for example, EX4200) is not the same image used for other platforms within that same product family (for example, EX8200).

The Junos Naming Convention

The Junos naming convention format is package-release-edition.

•package is a description of the software contents. Package descriptions include jinstall, which is used on M Series, T Series, and MX Series, jinstall-ex, which is used on EX Series, junos-jsr, which is used on J Series, and junos-srx, which is used on SRX Series. The actual package name might vary between platforms within a Junos product family. Always ensure that you download and install the proper image for your device.

•release describes the Junos OS Release and includes several subcomponents. The release includes two integers that represent the major and minor release numbers as well as a capital letter that indicates the type of software release. The most commonly occurring letter is R, which stands for released software. If you are involved in testing prereleased software, this letter might be a B (for beta-level software) or I (for internal, test, or experimental versions of software). In some situations, you might see the letter S, which is reserved for service releases. The release also includes a build and spin number for the Junos OS Release. For example, jinstall-12.1R1.9-domestic.tgz indicates a Junos image associated with version 12.1, build 1, spin 9.

All Junos images are signed. Some inconsistencies exist in the image naming convention with regards to the -signed- reference. Only the M Series,

T Series, and the EX Series images include the

-signed- reference.

Introduction to the Junos Operating System

The Junos Naming Convention (contd.)

•edition will typically be either domestic or export. Domestic versions support strong encryption, whereas export versions do not. A third, less common, edition called FIPS exists that provides advanced network security for customers who must comply with and operate in a Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) 140-2 environment.

All Junos OS packages contain digital signatures, the Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA-1), and Message Digest 5 (MD5) checksums. A package is installed only if the checksum within it matches the hash recorded in its corresponding file. The actual checksum used depends on the software Release.

On EX Series switches, the /var directory is deleted automatically when the system is upgraded. This deletion conserves storage space. If you do not want files in the /var directory or sub-directories to be deleted, you can rename the files with a dot (.) at the beginning of the file name; for example

/var/tmp/file becomes /var/ tmp/.file.

Upgrade Example

When upgrading the Junos OS, you reference the image name and a local path or a remote server within a URI. You should store the Junos OS images copied to a device running the Junos OS in preparation for an upgrade in the /var/tmp directory. You can delete Junos images stored in the /var/tmp directory when you perform the file system cleanup operation using the request system storage cleanup CLI command. To determine which files are cleanup candidates, you can issue the request system storage cleanup dry-run command.

Although plenty of storage space typically exists, it is a good practice to check available storage capacity before downloading a new Junos OS image. You can view compact-flash device storage details with the CLI show system storage command.

As the slide indicates, when an upgrade is performed, the system must be rebooted for the new Release to take affect. To save time and keystrokes, you can use the reboot option when performing the upgrade. Once the Junos OS is installed, you are notified that the system is rebooting. To complete the installation, use the console connection to view details of the upgrade process. Watch for any error messages indicating a problem with the upgrade. Once the system has rebooted, you can issue the show version command, illustrated earlier in this chapter, to verify the Junos OS Release. You can also review the boot messages by issuing the show system boot-messages command.