инжсети
.pdfɎȿȾȿɊȺɅɖɇɈȿ ȺȽȿɇɌɋɌȼɈ ɉɈ ɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɇɂɘ ȽɈɋɍȾȺɊɋɌȼȿɇɇɈȿ ɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɌȿɅɖɇɈȿ ɍɑɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ȼɕɋɒȿȽɈ ɉɊɈɎȿɋɋɂɈɇȺɅɖɇɈȽɈ ɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɇɂə
«ɋȺɆȺɊɋɄɂɃ ȽɈɋɍȾȺɊɋɌȼȿɇɇɕɃ ȺɊɏɂɌȿɄɌɍɊɇɈ-ɋɌɊɈɂɌȿɅɖɇɕɃ ɍɇɂȼȿɊɋɂɌȿɌ»
Ʉɚɮɟɞɪɚ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɨɞɨɨɬɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ
ɉɊɂɆȿɊ ɊȺɋɑȿɌȺ ɄɈɅɖɐȿȼɈɃ ȼɈȾɈɉɊɈȼɈȾɇɈɃ ɋȿɌɂ
ɇȺɋȿɅȿɇɇɈȽɈ ɉɍɇɄɌȺ
Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ 290800 «ȼɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɨɞɨɨɬɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ»
ɍɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɵ ɪɟɞɚɤɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɢɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɦ ɫɨɜɟɬɨɦ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ 21декабряɹɧɜɚɪɹ 20098 ɝг.
ɋɚɦɚɪɚ 2010
ɋɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɢ: ȿ.Ɇ. Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ, ȼ.Ⱥ. Ɂɚɣɤɨ, ȿ.Ⱦ. ɉɚɥɚɝɢɧ, ȿ.ȼ. Ȼɵɤɨɜɚ
ɍȾɄ 628.152
ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɤɨɥɶɰɟɜɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ:
ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ «ȼɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɨɞɨɨɬɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ» / ɫɨɫɬ.: ȿ.Ɇ. Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ, ȼ.Ⱥ. Ɂɚɣɤɨ, ȿ.Ⱦ. ɉɚɥɚɝɢɧ, ȿ.ȼ. Ȼɵɤɨɜɚ; ɋɚɦɚɪɫɤ. ɝɨɫ. ɚɪɯ.-ɫɬɪɨɢɬ. ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ. – ɋɚɦɚɪɚ, 2010. – 48 ɫ.
Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ 290800 «ȼɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɨɞɨɨɬɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ» 3-ɝɨ ɤɭɪɫɚ 5-ɝɨ ɢ 6-ɝɨ ɫɟɦɟɫɬɪɨɜ ɜɫɟɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɢ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɤɭɪɫɭ «ȼɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟ», ɪɚɡɞɟɥ «ȼɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɚɹ ɫɟɬɶ». ȼ ɧɢɯ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɤ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɭ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɤɨɥɶɰɟɜɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ.
ɍɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɜɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɤ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɢ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɭɱɟɛɧɭɸ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ.
© ɋɚɦɚɪɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ, 2010
ɈȽɅȺȼɅȿɇɂȿ
1 |
ɋɨɫɬɚɜ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ....................... |
4 |
|
2 |
ɋɨɫɬɚɜ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ.............................................................……..…...… |
4 |
|
3 |
Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɸ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ...........................................… |
5 |
|
4 |
ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ...............................................………….. |
6 |
|
|
4.1 |
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɭɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ- |
|
|
|
ɩɢɬɶɟɜɵɟ ɧɭɠɞɵ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ............................................................……… |
8 |
|
4.2 |
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ-ɩɢɬɶɟɜɵɟ |
|
|
|
ɧɭɠɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ.................................................. |
9 |
|
4.3 |
Ɋɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɦɨɣɤɭ ɭɥɢɰ, ɩɥɨɳɚɞɟɣ ɢ |
|
|
|
ɩɨɥɢɜɤɭ ɡɟɥɟɧɵɯ ɧɚɫɚɠɞɟɧɢɣ................................................................… |
11 |
|
4.4 |
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɭɠɞɵ.................... |
12 |
|
4.5 |
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɨɠɚɪɨɬɭɲɟɧɢɟ..................................... |
13 |
4.6Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɭɧɤɬɟ ɢ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɫɭɬɨɤ.....................……… 14
4.7ȼɵɛɨɪ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɪɚɫɫɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ…………………………………………………….… 19
4.8Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɜɨɞɵ
ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɟɣ.......................................................................…………. 19 4.9 Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɛɚɤɚ ɜɨɞɨɧɚɩɨɪɧɨɣ ɛɚɲɧɢ.................................… 21
4.10ɉɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɛɨɪɨɜ..……………………………………………………..... 22
4.11ɉɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ
|
ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɥɢɧɢɣ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ................................................... |
24 |
4.12 |
Ƚɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɭɜɹɡɤɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ......................................... |
30 |
4.13 |
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɬɵ ɜɨɞɨɧɚɩɨɪɧɨɣ ɛɚɲɧɢ |
|
|
ɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɧɚɩɨɪɚ ɧɚɫɨɫɨɜ....................................................................... |
32 |
Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ................................................................................. |
… 43 |
|
ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 1…………………………………………………………………..… 44 |
||
3
ȼ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɟ «ȼɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɚɹ ɫɟɬɶ», ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɥɶɰɟɜɚɹ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɚɹ ɫɟɬɶ ɫ ɜɨɞɨɧɚɩɨɪɧɨɣ ɛɚɲɧɟɣ. ɉɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɟɡɛɚɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ.
1 ɋɨɫɬɚɜ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ
Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ: ɩɥɚɧ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ 1:5000 ɢɥɢ 1:10000 ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦ ɦɟɫɬɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ; ɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ; ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɝɪɭɧɬɚɯ, ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ ɩɪɨɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɞɚɯ; ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚɦ ɢ ɛɥɚɝɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɟ ɠɢɥɨɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ; ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ.
2 ɋɨɫɬɚɜ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ
ɉɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨ-ɩɨɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɢ ɢ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɟɣ. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɨ-ɩɨɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɵ: ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ; ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ; ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɛɚɤɚ ɜɨɞɨɧɚɩɨɪɧɨɣ ɛɚɲɧɢ; ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ; ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɵɯ ɧɚɩɨɪɨɜ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɬɵ ɜɨɞɨɧɚɩɨɪɧɨɣ ɛɚɲɧɢ; ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɢ
ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɧɟɣ.
ȼ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɭ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚɫɨɫɚɦɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɜɨɞɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɫ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ.
ɑɟɪɬɟɠɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ: ɝɟɧɩɥɚɧ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɫ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɶɸ, ɜɨɞɨɧɚɩɨɪɧɨɣ ɛɚɲɧɟɣ ɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɟɣ; ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶ ɩɨ ɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɢɡ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɧɚɫɨɫɧɭɸ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɸ, ɜɨɞɨɧɚɩɨɪɧɭɸ ɛɚɲɧɸ ɢ ɞɢɤɬɭɸɳɭɸ ɬɨɱɤɭ ɧɚ ɜɫɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɢ; ɞɟɬɚɥɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ ɢɥɢ ɟɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɢ; ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɱɟɪɬɟɠ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɨɞɰɚ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ 1:20 ɫ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɟɦ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɮɚɫɨɧɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ, ɚɪɦɚɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɤɨɥɨɞɰɚ; ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɸ ɬɪɭɛ, ɮɚɫɨɧɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɚɪɦɚɬɭɪɵ.
4
3 Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɸ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ
ɑɟɪɬɟɠɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɤɚɪɚɧɞɚɲɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨ-ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɫ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ȿɋɄȾ. Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɱɟɪɬɟɠ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɢ ɹɫɧɨɟ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ, ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɢ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ. ȼ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɧɢɠɧɟɦ ɭɝɥɭ ɥɢɫɬɚ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɣ ɲɬɚɦɩ.
ɉɨɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɩɟɱɚɬɚɧɚ (ɢɥɢ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɧɚ) ɧɚ ɛɭɦɚɝɟ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ Ⱥ4 (210ɯ290 ɦɦ) ɫ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ȽɈɋɌ 2.105-95. Ⱦɥɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɲɪɢɮɬ Ɍimes New Roman ɢɥɢ Courier, ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦ 14 ɩɬ, ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦ 12 ɩɬ. ɒɪɢɮɬ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɨɜ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɧɚ 2 ɩɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ, ɬ.ɟ. ɞɥɹ ɲɪɢɮɬɚ Ɍimes New Roman – 16, ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɨɜ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɲɪɢɮɬ, ɨɬɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɨɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, Arial. Ɇɟɠɞɭɫɬɪɨɱɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɵ: ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɬɪɨɤ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɨɥɭɬɨɪɧɵɣ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɲɪɢɮɬɚ Ɍimes New Roman ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦ 14 ɩɬ; ɜ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚɯ ɢ ɫɧɨɫɤɚɯ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɜɟɧ ɦɟɠɞɭɫɬɪɨɱɧɨɦɭ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɭ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ; ɦɟɠɞɭ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚɦɢ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ ɢ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɞɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɜ 1,5 ɪɚɡɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɵ. ɉɨɥɹ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɵ: ɥɟɜɨɟ – ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 3 ɫɦ, ɩɪɚɜɨɟ – ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 1 ɫɦ, ɧɢɠɧɟɟ 2,5 ɫɦ, ɜɟɪɯɧɟɟ
– 2-2,5 ɫɦ. ȼɧɢɡɭ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɲɬɚɦɩ.
ɋɬɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɢ ɧɭɦɟɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɩɨɞɲɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɥɨɠɤɟ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ: ɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ, ɮɚɦɢɥɢɹ ɢ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɵ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚ, ɤɭɪɫ, ɝɪɭɩɩɚ, ɮɚɦɢɥɢɹ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ. ɇɚ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɢɰɟ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɝɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰ. Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɩɨɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɬɶɫɹ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɚɦɢ ɢ ɫɫɵɥɤɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ. ȼɵɛɨɪ, ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ, ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɩɶɟɡɨɤɚɪɬɵ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɫɯɟɦɚɦɢ.
ɉɪɢɦɟɧɹɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɧɢɯ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ ɧɚ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ, ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɶ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɢ.
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɢɬɭɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɥɢɫɬɚ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ, ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɥɢɫɬɚ ɩɨɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɲɬɚɦɩɨɜ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ [9].
5
4 ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ
Ɍɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɭɸ ɫɟɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɋɚɦɚɪɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ (ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ 4.1). ɇɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɭɧɤɬ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɞɜɚ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ, ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ, ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɫɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɛɥɚɝɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɷɬɚɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ.
Ɋɚɣɨɧ Ⱥ: ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɊȺ = 330 ɱɟɥ./ɝɚ; ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɠɢɥɨɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɨɬ 5 ɞɨ 12 ɷɬɚɠɟɣ; ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɵ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɦ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɦ, ɤɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ, ɜɚɧɧɚɦɢ ɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɦ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟɦ.
Ɋɚɣɨɧ Ȼ: ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ PȻ = 220 ɱɟɥ./ɝɚ; ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɠɢɥɨɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɞɨ 5 ɷɬɚɠɟɣ; ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɵ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɦ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɦ, ɤɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ, ɜɚɧɧɚɦɢ ɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɞɨɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ.
Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɦɨɣɤɚ ɭɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɣ ɩɪɨɟɡɞɨɜ ɢ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɟɣ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɥɢɜɤɚ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯ ɡɟɥɟɧɵɯ ɧɚɫɚɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɞɢɧ ɪɚɡ ɜ ɫɭɬɤɢ. ɍɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɬ 15 %, ɚ ɡɟɥɟɧɵɟ ɧɚɫɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ 6 % ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ «Ⱥ», ɜ ɪɚɣɨɧɟ «Ȼ» ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ 1515% ɢ 5 %.
ȼ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɭɧɤɬɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɞɜɚ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ.
ɉɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ 1. Ɉɛɳɟɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ
Nɨɛɳ. = 4700 ɱɟɥ.: 1-ɹ ɫɦɟɧɚ – N1 = 2600 ɱɟɥ.; 2-ɹ ɫɦɟɧɚ – N2 = 1400 ɱɟɥ.; 3-ɹ ɫɦɟɧɚ – N3 = 700 ɱɟɥ. ȼ ɰɟɯɚɯ ɫ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ 20 Ʉɤɚɥ ɧɚ 1 ɦ3/ɱ (ɝɨɪɹɱɢɟ ɰɟɯɢ) ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ 28 % ɨɬ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɫɦɟɧɭ. Ⱦɭɲɟɦ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ 26 % ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ. ɑɢɫɥɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ, ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɞɭɲɟɜɭɸ ɫɟɬɤɭ, ɜ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɯ ɰɟɯɚɯ nɝɨɪ. = 7 ɱɟɥ./ɫɟɬ., ɜ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ nɯɨɥ. = 15 ɱɟɥ./ɫɟɬ. ɑɢɫɥɨ ɱɚɫɨɜ ɜ ɫɦɟɧɟ t = 8 ɱ. Ɋɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɭɠɞɵ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɫɦɟɧɵ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɵɣ: Q1 = 2000; Q2 = 2000; Q3 = 2400 ɦ3/ɫɦ. ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ Ȼ, ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɨɝɧɟɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ II, ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɝɨ ɢɡ ɤɨɪɩɭɫɨɜ 44000 ɦ3.
ɉɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ 2. Ɉɛɳɟɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ Nɨɛɳ
= 3800 ɱɟɥ., ɝɨɪɹɱɢɯ ɰɟɯɨɜ ɧɟɬ. ɉɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɜ ɨɞɧɭ ɫɦɟɧɭ. Ⱦɭɲɟɦ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ 20 % ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ. ɇɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɞɭɲɟɜɭɸ ɫɟɬɤɭ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ nɯɨɥ. = 15 ɱɟɥ./ɫɟɬ. Ɋɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɭɠɞɵ 2800 ɦ3/ɫɦ. Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɭɠɞɵ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɩɟɪɟɪɵɜɨɦ ɢ ɪɚɜɟɧ Ʉɱ.max = 1,4. ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ Ⱦ, ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɨɝɧɟɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ II, ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɝɨ ɢɡ ɤɨɪɩɭɫɨɜ 75000 ɦ3.
Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɩɪɨɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ 1,6 ɦ. Ƚɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ 4,1 ɦ, ɩɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɭ ɨɧɢ ɫɥɚɛɨ ɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵ ɤ ɛɟɬɨɧɭ. ɋɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ 50 ɤ. ɡɚ 1 ɤȼɬ/ɱ.
6
Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ 4.1 – Ƚɟɧɩɥɚɧ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ Ɇ 1: 5000
7
4.1 Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɭɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ-ɩɢɬɶɟɜɵɟ ɧɭɠɞɵ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ
ɋɪɟɞɧɟɫɭɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ
Qɫɭɬ.m = ∑ qɠ Nɠ , (4.1)
1000
ɝɞɟ qɠ – ɧɨɪɦɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 1 [1], ɥ/ɫɭɬ ɧɚ 1 ɠɢɬɟɥɹ;
N – ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɠɢɬɟɥɟɣ, ɱɟɥ.
ɇɨɪɦɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɛɥɚɝɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɫɬɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ, ɭɤɥɚɞɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ. ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ: ɞɥɹ ɫɟɜɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ – ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɞɥɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ – ɫɪɟɞɧɢɟ, ɞɥɹ ɸɠɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ – ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ. ȼ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ:
Ɋɚɣɨɧ «Ⱥ»: |
|
230 |
350 |
|
|
qɠȺ = |
= 290 ɥ/ɫɭɬ ɧɚ 1ɱɟɥ. |
|
|||
Ɋɚɣɨɧ «Ȼ»: |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
160 |
230 |
|
|
|
Ȼ |
= |
= 195 ɥ/ɫɭɬ ɧɚ 1 ɱɟɥ. |
|
||
qɠ |
|
2 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɠɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ |
|
||||
|
|
N = ∑ Fi |
Pi , ɱɟɥ., |
(4.2) |
|
ɝɞɟ Fi – ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɤɜɚɪɬɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ 1 ɝɚ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɝɟɧɩɥɚɧɭ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ;
Pi – ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ, ɱɟɥ./ɝɚ.
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ, ɩɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɜɟɞɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɧɟɭɱɬɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ.
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɭɬɤɢ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɝɨ ɢ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɟɝɨ ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ:
Q |
= K |
ɫɭɬ. max |
Q |
, ɦ3/ɫɭɬ. |
(4.3) |
ɫɭɬ. max |
|
ɫɭɬ.m |
, ɦ3/ɫɭɬ. |
|
|
Q |
= K |
ɫɭɬ. min |
Q |
(4.4) |
|
ɫɭɬ. min |
|
ɫɭɬ.m |
|
|
8
Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɫɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɭɤɥɚɞ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ, ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɛɥɚɝɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ [1, ɩ. 2.2] ɪɚɜ-
ɧɵɦɢ: Ʉɫɭɬ.mɚɯ = 1,1 – 1,3, Ʉɫɭɬ.min = 0,7 – 0,9.
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 4.1.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 4.1 – ɋɭɬɨɱɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ-ɩɢɬɶɟɜɵɟ ɧɭɠɞɵ
|
|
, ɱɟɥ./ɝɚ |
- |
1 |
|
Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
ɋɭɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ |
||||||
|
ɝɚ, |
- |
чел1 |
|
|||||||
|
|
водо |
ɧɚ |
|
ɫɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ |
|
|
|
|||
|
|
на. |
|
|
ɜɨɞɵ, |
|
|||||
|
|
|
ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ- |
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
||||||
|
|
ɫɭɬ/ |
|
|
|
|
ɦ /ɫɭɬ |
|
|||
|
|
|
сутɥ |
|
ɫɬɢ |
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
/ |
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
ɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ л |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
i |
i |
|
|
потребления ɠ, |
ɱɟɥ |
|
|
|
|
|
Ɋɚɣɨɧ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ |
ɉɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɪɚɣɨɧɚF |
ɧɚɫɟɉɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɥɟɧɢɹP |
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɟ ɠɢɬɟɥɟɣɱɢɫɥɨ ɱɟɥN., Нормы |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
q |
|
Ʉɫɭɬ.max |
Ʉɫɭɬ.min |
Qɫɭɬ.m |
Qɫɭɬ.max |
Qɫɭɬ.min |
|||||
ж |
|||||||||||
q |
|
||||||||||
Ⱥ |
90,33 |
330 |
29809 |
|
290 |
|
1,2 |
0,8 |
8645 |
10374 |
6916 |
Ȼ |
87,54 |
220 |
19259 |
|
195 |
|
1,2 |
0,8 |
3756 |
4507 |
3005 |
ȼɫɟɝɨ |
177,87 |
- |
49068 |
|
- |
|
- |
- |
12401 |
14881 |
9927 |
4.2 Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ-ɩɢɬɶɟɜɵɟ ɧɭɠɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ
ɉɨ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɸ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɯ ɢ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɵɯ ɰɟɯɚɯ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɞɭɲɟɜɵɯ ɫɟɬɨɤ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɠɞɭɸ ɫɦɟɧɭ. ɂɯ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ
n |
ɞ |
= |
Nɝɨɪ. |
+ |
N |
ɯɨɥ. , ɲɬ., |
(4.5) |
|
n |
n |
|
||||||
|
|
|
ɯɨɥ. |
|
||||
|
|
|
ɝɨɪ. |
|
|
|
||
ɝɞɟ ɝɞɟNɝɨɪ.NɢɝɨɪN. ɯɨɥɢ .N–ɯɨɥɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ. – ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɯ, ɞɭɲɞɭɲɜ ɝɨɜɝɨ- ɪɹɱɢɯɪɹɱɢɯɯɨɥɨɞɧɵɯɢ ɰɟ ɰɟɯɚɯɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ; ;
nɝɨɪ.nɢɝɨɪn. ɯɨɥɢ .n–ɯɨɥɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ. – ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɧɚ ɨɞɧɭɧɚɨɞɧɭɞɭɲɟɜɭɸɞɭɲɟɜɭɸɫɟɬɤɭɫɟɬɤɭɜ ɜ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɯɝɨɪɹɱɢɯɯɨɥɨɞɧɵɯɢ ɰɟ ɰɟɯɚɯɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ. .
ɇɨɪɦɵ ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ [1, ɩ. 2.4]. ȼ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɯ ɰɟɯɚɯ qɝɨɪ. = 45 ɥ/ɫɦ ɧɚ 1 ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ, ɚ Ʉɱ.max = 2,5. ȼ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɰɟɯɚɯ qɯɨɥ. = 25 ɥ/ɫɦ ɧɚ 1 ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ, Ʉɱ.max = 3. ɑɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɞɭɲɟɜɭɸ ɫɟɬɤɭ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ 500 ɥ, ɚ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɭɲɟɦ 45 ɦɢɧ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɫɦɟɧɵ,
ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, qɞ = 500 · 45 / 60 = 375 ɥ/ɫɦ.
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɦ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 4.2.
9
ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ |
|
|
102,0622,5 |
|
54,8412,00 |
|
27,426,00 |
184,3240,5 |
|
114,1319,13 |
|
298,4559,63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
,Ɉɛɳɢɣɪɚɫɯɨɞ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
,ɦ3 |
ɜɨɞɵɧɚɞɭɲɜɫɦɟɧɭ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
Ɉɛɳɢɣɪɚɫɯɨɞ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯɧɭɠɞɵɩɢɬɶɟɜɵɟ-ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɧɚɜɨɞɵɪɚɫɯɨɞɚɈɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɲɟɜɭɸɥɫɟɬɤɭ, |
|
375 |
375 |
375 |
88034284,60338459,221316–––– – |
|
511576095,00253800–––––375 |
|
|
|||
ɰɟɯɚɯɜɞɭɲɚɉɪɢɟɦɰɟɯɢɏɨɥɨɞɧɵɟɰɟɯɢȽɨɪɹɱɢɟ |
ɏɨɥɨɞɧɵɟȽɨɪɹɱɢɟ |
ɰɟɯɢɰɟɯɢ |
|
ɇɨɪɦɚɪɚɫɯɨɞɚɜɨɞɵɧɚ |
|
|
|
179,6059,22 |
||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
|
1ɞɭ- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
. |
ɞɭɲɟɜɵɯɫɟɬɨɤ,ɲɬ |
|
60 |
32 |
|
16 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ɉɛɳɟɟɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
ɞɭɲɟɜɭɸɫɟɬɤɭ,ɱɟɥ. |
|
15 |
15 |
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
1ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɧɚ |
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
. |
ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɯɞɭɲ,ɱɟɥ |
487 |
262 |
|
131 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
ɞɭɲɟɜɭɸɫɟɬɤɭ,ɱɟɥ. |
|
7 |
7 |
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
1ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɧɚ |
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
. |
ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɯɞɭɲ,ɱɟɥ |
189 |
102 |
|
51 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
, |
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ3/ɫɦ |
|
|
46,80 |
25,20 |
|
12,60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
Ɋɚɫɯɨɞɜɨɞɵ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
ɥ/ɫɦɧɚ1ɱɟɥ. |
|
25 |
25 |
|
25 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɇɨɪɦɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɱɟɥ. |
|
|
1872 |
1008 |
|
504 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ |
|
ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ/ɫɦ |
|
|
32,76 17,64 |
|
8,82 |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
Ɋɚɫɯɨɞɜɨɞɵ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
ɥ/ɫɦɧɚ1ɱɟɥ. |
|
45 45 |
|
45 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
ɜɨɞɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɇɨɪɦɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɱɟɥ. |
|
|
728 392 |
|
196 |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
, |
|
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
– |
|
|
|
|
|
ɋɦɟɧɵ |
|
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
||
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ4.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɂɬɨɝɨ: |
|
|
ȼɫɟɝɨ: |
|||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
ɉɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ |
|
|
ɩ/ɩ 1 |
ɩ/ɩ 2 |
|
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10