Heat pump
A heat pump (Figure 3.7) is a device acting as an air conditioner in the summer and as a heater in the winter. Heat pumps look and function exactly like an air conditioner except it has a reversible cycle. It contains a 4-way reversing valve that lets it switch between (переключить режим) "air conditioner" and "heater."
For climates with moderate heating and cooling needs, heat pumps offer an energy-efficient alternative to furnaces and air conditioners. This unit works by moving existing heat from one area to another in one of the following ways:
Air-to-air - Uses air as the outdoor source of heating or cooling and delivers heating or cooling to air indoors. A condenser absorbs heat from the outdoor air (even the coldest air contains some heat) and transfers it to an indoor heat exchanger. Indoor air circulating throughout the interior space is warmed in the heat exchanger and. During the summer, the process is reversed to cool and dehumidify the home.
Water-to-air - Uses water as the source of heating/cooling, delivers heating/cooling to air indoors. Instead of extracting heat from outside air, this type of pump absorbs heat from ground water or surface water, such as a farm pond.
Air-to-water - Uses air outside, water inside: useful where there is a demand for hot water as well as for air cooling and dehumidification.
Ground-to-air - Also known as a geothermal system, this type of heat pump uses underground loops to absorb heat from the earth. Geothermal systems are usually installed in newly-built homes, but can also be used in existing home.
One advantage of a heat pump is that it provides both heating and cooling capabilities in one unit. Electric heat pumps are usually supplemented with a backup system, such as radiant floor heaters or baseboard units, in case of extended periods of extreme low ambient temperatures.
Figure 3.7 Heat pump.
Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:
How does the heat pump act?
What is the difference between heat pumps and air conditioners?
What does the heat pump contain?
How does air-to-air heat pump work?
What pump does absorb heat from ground water or surface water?
What type is known as a geothermal system?
What is the advantage of a heat pump?
Упражнение 1. Переведите слова и словосочетания на русский язык.
Device (n.); act (v.); exactly (adv.); except (adj.); reversible cycle; contain (v.); reversing valve; switch (v.); between; moderate (adj); need (n.); exist (v.); area (n.); another; outdoor (adj.); source (n.); indoor (adj.); absorb (v.); transfer (v.); circulate (v.); throughout; interior space; reverse (v.); dehumidify (v.); deliver (v.); instead; extract (v.); outside; surface (n.); farm pond; inside; useful; demand (n.); as well as; dehumidification (n.); geothermal system; underground loop; earth (n.); geothermal system; install (v.); newly-built home; advantage (n.); capability (n.); supplement (v.); backup system; radiant floor heater; baseboard; extended period; low ambient temperature; in case of.
Упражнение 2. Переведите слова и словосочетания на английский язык.
Обратимый цикл; реверсивный клапан; внутреннее пространство; фермерский пруд; подземный трубопровод; резервная система; радиационный обогреватель пола; объединительная панель; продленный период; низкая температура окружающей среды; кроме; точно; существовать; осушать; осушение; внутренний; наружный; поверхность; способность; дополнять; вместо; по всей площади, через.
Упражнение 3. Найдите перевод слов списка А в списке В.
А
Circulate; deliver; extract; supplement; exist; rely on; extend; contain; act; function; absorb; distribute; dehumidify; include; evaporate; vent; transfer; provide; reverse.
В
Осушать; циркулировать; дополнять; расширять; содержать; действовать; функционировать; испарять; продувать; полагаться на; распределять; включать; менять; извлекать; поглощать; подавать; передавать; обеспечивать; существовать.
Упражнение 4. Найдите в тексте причастия I (Participle I). Определите функцию и переведите на русский язык.