Урок 3.2

Упражнение 1. Прочитайте слова.

[¶u] process, control, zone, impose, over, both, role, goal, owner, location, local, most, component;

[³] cool, whose, remove, move, to.

Упражнение 2. Сопоставьте слово с переводом и соответствующей ему транскрипцией.

1) moisture; 2) unique; 3) variable; 4) apparatus; 5) circulation; 6) efficient;

1) [Ju:'niÐ]; 2) [·Ãq'ïâáËəs]; 3) [I'çis(ə)nt]; 4) ['å¸áéà¶];

5) [Ée:Ðjə'lÂi¿(ə)n]; 6) ['èÂəÏəbl];

1)переменный; 2)эффективный; 3)циркуляция; 4)уникальный; 5)установка; 6) влага.

Текст А

System requirements

An air conditioning system may have several requirements that must be accommodated during the design process:

1. The cooling, heating, and moisture control provide the foundation for key HVAC system design and components.

2. The additional functions of air circulation and air quality control establish further component requirements.

3. In specific building situations, supplemental functions such as noise and smoke control and the interlocking of security and fire protection functions, can be imposed on an HVAC system.

4. Automation and control of an HVAC system is critical to its successful operation. The subject of system control leads to the concept of HVAC zoning. During the design process, a zone is defined as a region of a building that requires separate control if comfort is to be provided for occupants. Numerous air distribution systems are available ranging from uni-zone systems (the indoor space constitutes a unique conditioned zone), to multi-zone systems (separate specifically conditioned indoor spaces), with or without reheat design options.

5. An air conditioning system (Figure 3.3) must satisfy both humidity and temperature requirements. Humidity control generally takes precedence over (иметь преимущественное значение над) temperature control and as such, the air is cooled much lower (equal to the apparatus dewpoint of the coil) to remove moisture over the coil surface. The resultant air becomes too cold and is reheated before it is delivered to the indoor spaces.

6. The modern HVAC design relies on energy efficient, variable air volume (VAV) systems and variable air volume and temperature (VVT) systems.

Figure 3.3 Air conditioning system.

Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:

1. What do the cooling, heating, and moisture control provide?

2. What do the additional functions of air circulation and air quality control establish?

3. What can be imposed on an HVAC system in specific building situations?

4. What does the subject of system control lead to?

5. How is a zone defined?

6. What must an air conditioning system satisfy?

7. Why is the air cooled much lower?

8. When is the resultant air reheated?

9. What does the modern HVAC design rely on?

Упражнение 3. Переведите следующие слова и словосочетания на русский язык.

Requirement (n.); moisture control; provide (v.); component (n.); additional (adj.); air circulation; establish (v.); supplemental function; interlocking (n.); security (n.); fire protection; impose (v.); automation (n.); critical (adj.); successful operation; lead (v.); zone (n.); define (v.); occupant (n.); air distribution system; available (adj.); reheat (v.); design option; satisfy (v.); humidity (n.); precedence (n.); equal (adj.); dewpoint (n.); remove (v.); moisture (n.); deliver (v.); indoor space; modern design; rely on (v.); energy efficient; variable air volume.

Упражнение 4. Переведите следующие слова и словосочетания на английский язык.

Исправная работа; переменный воздушный объем/переменный расход воздуха; влажность (2); точка росы; равный; дополнительный (2); первоочередность/предпочтение; автоматизация; внутреннее пространство; проектное решение/разработка; противопожарная защита; возлагать на; циркуляция воздуха; контроль качества; устанавливать; определять; удовлетворять; взаимозависимость.

Упражнение 5. Сопоставьте слово (A) с его определением (B).

(A)

1. moisture;

2. component;

3. air circulation;

4. dewpoint;

5. air distribution system;

6. automation;

7. occupant.

(B)

1. someone who lives in a house, room etc.;

2. the use of computers and machines instead of people to do a job;

3. ventilation system for supplying and distributing air;

4. small amounts of water that are present in the air, in a substance, or on a surface;

5. one of several parts that together make up a whole machine, system etc.;

6. large-scale movement of air;

7. the atmospheric temperature (varying according to pressure and humidity) below which water droplets begin to condense and dew can form.

Упражнение 6. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на причастия и причастные обороты.

1. Numerous air distribution systems ranging from uni-zone systems to multi-zone systems may have several requirements.

2. A zone defined as a region of a building requires separate control.

3. The type of system selected is determined by the HVAC designer's knowledge of systems.

4. Having determined the basics, system objectives, the role of key system components the architect choose the type of systems that are available.

5. Considering the pertinent architectural and financial constraints an architect must oversee the complete building project.

6. Each of the concerns has a different priority depending on the customer’s goals.

7. Delivery components serve as an interface between the distribution system and occupied spaces.

8. A consideration of these requiring methods used in manufacture is important.

9. The water used in the boiler is treated before it enters the system.

10. A substance preventing corrosion in the system is being added which binds oxygen.

11. Expected environmental factors (salt air, etc.) must be included in specifications for selective surfaces.

12. Heat transfer oils used in liquid systems offer freeze protection and some corrosion protection.

Упражнение 7. Задайте пять вопросов различных типов.

Текст В