III. Перепишіть речення, випишіть з кожного дієслово-присудок та вкажіть його час та стан. Перекладіть речення.

1. We are planning to develop more industrial projects.

2. I’ve come here to talk about the price.

3. What important items do contracts cover?

4. The contract with Brown and Sons was made five days ago.

5. I don’t think our customers will object to it.

IV. Перепишіть речення, випишіть з них Participle I та Participle II, вкажіть їх функції в реченні (тобто чи є він обставиною, означенням чи частиною дієслова-присудка). Перекладіть речення.

1. The firm sent us material describing the manufacturing programme of Brown and Co.

2. The poster attracting my attention advertised road-building machinery.

3. The goods arriving at the port where always transported to the clients without delay.

4. We were pleased to receive from you the enquiries mentioned above.

5. Models required by customers at present are in great demand.

V. Перепишіть речення, підкресліть у них Gerund. Вкажіть його функції в реченні та перекладіть речення.

1. He stopped reading the contract and looked at his watch.

2. We object to waiving inspection.

3. Excuse my ringing you up so late.

4. We are interested in receiving your new samples.

5. She objected to testing the new model.

VI. Перекладіть речення, вживаючи Gerund.

1. Йому не подобається гаяти час.

2. Вони припинили продавати товар у кредит.

3. Ми відчуваємо великі труднощі з фрахтуванням судна.

4. Ми зацікавлені у проведенні випробувань.

5. Вибачте, що я поставив це запитання.

VII. Перепишіть наступні речення та перекладіть їх, вкажіть функцію герундія або герундіального зворота.

1. I suggest holding another meeting next week.

2. Dumping is the main cause of earth pollution.

3. Before drawing conclusions one must carefully examine all the facts.

4. I know of his coming to the lab every day.

Variant 2

I.Прочитайте та перекладіть текст письмово:

MARKET ECONOMICS

In a market economy it is consumer who decides what is to be produced. Consumer will be willing to pay high prices for products they desire. Firms, which are privately owned, see the opportunity of increased profits and produce the new fashionable and favored products.

Such a system, at first view, is very attractive. The economy adjust automatically to meet changing demands. No planners have to be employed. Firms tend to be highly competitive in such an environment. New advanced products and low prices are good ways to increase sales and profits. Since all firms are privately owned they try to make the largest profits possible. In a free market individuals are free to pursue their own interests.

But there are also problems. Some goods would be under purchased if the government did not provide free or subsidized supplies. Examples of this type of goods and services are health and education. A cornerstone of the market system is that production alters swiftly to meet changing demands. These swift changes can have serious consequences. Imagine a firm, which switches from labour-intensive production to one where new technology is employed in the factory. The resulting unemployment could lead to social and economic problems.

In market economy there might be minimal control on working conditions and safety standards concerning products and services. It is necessary to have large-scale government intervention to pass laws to protect consumers and workers.

Finally, firms must have confidence in future sales if they are to promote producing new goods and services. At certain times they tend to lack confidence and cut back on production and the development of new ideas. This decision, when taken by many firms, can lead to a recession. A recession means less spending, fewer jobs and a decline in the prosperity of the nation.

II. Дайте відповіді на запитання до тексту:

1. What is a market economy?

2. What is a main difference between a market economy and a planned economy?

3. What is the mechanism of producing goods and services in a market economy?

4. What are advantages of market economy?

5. Can you give the disadvantages of a market economy?